hbase java api样例（版本1.3.1，新API）
hbase版本：1.3.1
目的：HBase新API的使用方法。
尝试并验证了如下几种java api的使用方法。
1.创建表
2.创建表（预分区）
3.单条插入
4.批量插入
5.批量插入（客户端缓存）
6.单条get
7.批量get
8.简单scan
9.混合使用
■实际代码
https://github.com/quchunhui/hbase_sample
■pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <artifactId>hbase_sample</artifactId> <groupId>hbase_sample</groupId> <version>1.0</version> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId> <artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId> <artifactId>hbase-server</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId> <artifactId>hbase-common</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory> <outputDirectory>target/classes</outputDirectory> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> <configuration> <descriptorRefs> <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef> </descriptorRefs> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <id>make-assembly</id> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <goal>single</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
===1.创建表===
package api; import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Durability; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.compress.Compression; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.encoding.DataBlockEncoding; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.BloomType; public class create_table_sample1 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.80,192.168.1.81,192.168.1.82"); Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); Admin admin = connection.getAdmin(); HTableDescriptor desc = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf("TEST1")); //MemStore大小。默认128M，不能小于1M desc.setMemStoreFlushSize(2097152L); //HFile最大size。默认10G。不能小于2M desc.setMaxFileSize(10485760L); //日志flush的时候是同步写，还是异步写 desc.setDurability(Durability.SYNC_WAL); HColumnDescriptor family1 = new HColumnDescriptor(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes()); family1.setTimeToLive(2 * 60 * 60 * 24); //过期时间 family1.setMaxVersions(2); //版本数 family1.setBlockCacheEnabled(true); desc.addFamily(family1); HColumnDescriptor family2 = new HColumnDescriptor(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes()); //数据生存时间 family2.setTimeToLive(3 * 60 * 60 * 24); //最小版本数，默认0。 family2.setMinVersions(2); //最大版本数，默认-1 family2.setMaxVersions(3); //bloom过滤器，有ROW和ROWCOL，ROWCOL除了过滤ROW还要过滤列族。默认ROW。 family2.setBloomFilterType(BloomType.ROW); //数据块的大小，单位bytes，默认值是65536。 family2.setBlocksize(65536); //数据块缓存，保存着每个HFile数据块的startKey。默认true。 family2.setBlockCacheEnabled(true); // //写的时候缓存bloom。默认false。 // family2.setCacheBloomsOnWrite(false); // //写的时候缓存索引。默认false。 // family2.setCacheIndexesOnWrite(false); // //存储的时候使用压缩算法。默认NONE。 // family2.setCompressionType(Compression.Algorithm.NONE); // //进行compaction的时候使用压缩算法。默认NONE。 // family2.setCompactionCompressionType(Compression.Algorithm.NONE); // //压缩内存和存储的数据，区别于Snappy。默认NONE。 // family2.setDataBlockEncoding(DataBlockEncoding.NONE); // //关闭的时候，是否剔除缓存的块。默认false。 // family2.setEvictBlocksOnClose(false); // //让数据块缓存在LRU缓存里面有更高的优先级。默认false。 // family2.setInMemory(false); // //集群间复制的时候，如果被设置成REPLICATION_SCOPE_LOCAL就不能被复制了。默认0 // family2.setScope(HConstants.REPLICATION_SCOPE_GLOBAL); desc.addFamily(family2); admin.createTable(desc); admin.close(); connection.close(); } }
===2.创建表（预分区）===
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.BloomType; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes; public class create_table_sample2 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.80,192.168.1.81,192.168.1.82"); Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); Admin admin = connection.getAdmin(); TableName table_name = TableName.valueOf("TEST1"); if (admin.tableExists(table_name)) { admin.disableTable(table_name); admin.deleteTable(table_name); } HTableDescriptor desc = new HTableDescriptor(table_name); HColumnDescriptor family1 = new HColumnDescriptor(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes()); family1.setTimeToLive(3 * 60 * 60 * 24); //过期时间 family1.setBloomFilterType(BloomType.ROW); //按行过滤 family1.setMaxVersions(3); //版本数 desc.addFamily(family1); HColumnDescriptor family2 = new HColumnDescriptor(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes()); family2.setTimeToLive(2 * 60 * 60 * 24); //过期时间 family2.setBloomFilterType(BloomType.ROW); //按行过滤 family2.setMaxVersions(2); //版本数 desc.addFamily(family2); byte[][] splitKeys = { Bytes.toBytes("row01"), Bytes.toBytes("row02"), Bytes.toBytes("row04"), Bytes.toBytes("row06"), Bytes.toBytes("row08"), }; admin.createTable(desc, splitKeys); admin.close(); connection.close(); } }
===3.单条插入===
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes; import java.util.Random; public class table_put_sample1 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.80,192.168.1.81,192.168.1.82"); Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(constants.TABLE_NAME)); Random random = new Random(); String[] rows = new String[] {"01", "02", "03"}; String[] names = new String[] {"zhang san", "li si", "wang wu", "wei liu"}; String[] sexs = new String[] {"men", "women"}; String[] heights = new String[] {"165cm", "170cm", "175cm", "180cm"}; String[] weights = new String[] {"50kg", "55kg", "60kg", "65kg", "70kg", "75kg", "80kg"}; Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("row" + rows[random.nextInt(rows.length)])); String name = names[random.nextInt(names.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), name.getBytes()); String sex = sexs[random.nextInt(sexs.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "sex".getBytes(), sex.getBytes()); String height = heights[random.nextInt(heights.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "height".getBytes(), height.getBytes()); String weight = weights[random.nextInt(weights.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "weight".getBytes(), weight.getBytes()); table.put(put); table.close(); connection.close(); } }
===4.批量插入===
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Random; public class table_put_sample2 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.80,192.168.1.81,192.168.1.82"); Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(constants.TABLE_NAME)); Random random = new Random(); String[] rows = new String[] {"01", "02", "03"}; String[] names = new String[] {"zhang san", "li si", "wang wu", "wei liu"}; String[] sexs = new String[] {"men", "women"}; String[] heights = new String[] {"165cm", "170cm", "175cm", "180cm"}; String[] weights = new String[] {"50kg", "55kg", "60kg", "65kg", "70kg", "75kg", "80kg"}; List<Put> puts = new ArrayList<>(); for(String row : rows) { Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("row" + row)); String name = names[random.nextInt(names.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), name.getBytes()); String sex = sexs[random.nextInt(sexs.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "sex".getBytes(), sex.getBytes()); String height = heights[random.nextInt(heights.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "height".getBytes(), height.getBytes()); String weight = weights[random.nextInt(weights.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "weight".getBytes(), weight.getBytes()); puts.add(put); } table.put(puts); table.close(); connection.close(); } }
===5.批量插入（客户端缓存）===
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Random; public class table_put_sample4 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.80,192.168.1.81,192.168.1.82"); conf.set("hbase.client.write.buffer", "1048576");//1M Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); BufferedMutator table = connection.getBufferedMutator(TableName.valueOf(constants.TABLE_NAME)); System.out.print("[--------]write buffer size = " + table.getWriteBufferSize()); Random random = new Random(); String[] rows = new String[] {"01", "02", "03", "04", "05"}; String[] names = new String[] {"zhang san", "li si", "wang wu", "wei liu"}; String[] sexs = new String[] {"men", "women"}; String[] heights = new String[] {"165cm", "170cm", "175cm", "180cm"}; String[] weights = new String[] {"50kg", "55kg", "60kg", "65kg", "70kg", "75kg", "80kg"}; List<Mutation> batch = new ArrayList<>(); for(String row : rows) { Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("row" + row)); String name = names[random.nextInt(names.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), name.getBytes()); String sex = sexs[random.nextInt(sexs.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "sex".getBytes(), sex.getBytes()); String height = heights[random.nextInt(heights.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "height".getBytes(), height.getBytes()); String weight = weights[random.nextInt(weights.length)]; put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "weight".getBytes(), weight.getBytes()); batch.add(put); } table.mutate(batch); table.flush(); table.close(); connection.close(); } }
===6.单条get===
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*; public class table_get_sample3 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.80,192.168.1.80,192.168.1.82"); Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(constants.TABLE_NAME)); Get get = new Get(("row01").getBytes()); get.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "name".getBytes()); get.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "sex".getBytes()); get.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "height".getBytes()); get.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "weight".getBytes()); Result result = table.get(get); byte[] name = result.getValue(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "name".getBytes()); byte[] sex = result.getValue(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "sex".getBytes()); byte[] height = result.getValue(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "height".getBytes()); byte[] weight = result.getValue(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "weight".getBytes()); System.out.print("[------]name=" + new String(name) + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]sex=" + new String(sex) + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]height=" + new String(height) + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]weight=" + new String(weight) + "\n"); table.close(); connection.close(); } }
===7.批量get===
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class table_get_sample4 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.80,192.168.1.81,192.168.1.82"); Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(constants.TABLE_NAME)); List<Get> gets = new ArrayList<>(); Get get1 = new Get(("row01").getBytes()); get1.addFamily(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes()); get1.addFamily(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes()); gets.add(get1); Get get2 = new Get(("row02").getBytes()); get2.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "name".getBytes()); get2.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "sex".getBytes()); get2.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "height".getBytes()); get2.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "weight".getBytes()); gets.add(get2); Result[] results = table.get(gets); for ( Result result : results) { byte[] name = result.getValue(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "name".getBytes()); byte[] sex = result.getValue(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "sex".getBytes()); byte[] height = result.getValue(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "height".getBytes()); byte[] weight = result.getValue(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "weight".getBytes()); System.out.print("[------]name=" + new String(name) + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]sex=" + new String(sex) + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]height=" + new String(height) + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]weight=" + new String(weight) + "\n"); } table.close(); connection.close(); } }
===8.简单scan===
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*; public class table_scan_sample3 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.80,192.168.1.81,192.168.1.82"); Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(constants.TABLE_NAME)); Scan scan = new Scan(); scan.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "name".getBytes()); scan.addFamily(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes()); ResultScanner rs = table.getScanner(scan); for (Result r = rs.next(); r != null; r = rs.next()) { byte[] row_key = r.getRow(); System.out.print("[------]row_key=" + new String(row_key) + "\n"); byte[] name = r.getValue(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "name".getBytes()); System.out.print("[------]name=" + new String(name) + "\n"); byte[] weight = r.getValue(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "weight".getBytes()); System.out.print("[------]weight=" + new String(weight) + "\n"); } table.close(); connection.close(); } }
===9.混合使用===
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class table_batch_sample2 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.80,192.168.1.81,192.168.1.82"); conf.set("hbase.client.write.buffer", "1048576");//1M Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); BufferedMutator mutator = connection.getBufferedMutator(TableName.valueOf(constants.TABLE_NAME)); List<Mutation> batch = new ArrayList<>(); byte[] row_key = random.getRowKey(); Put put = new Put(row_key); put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), random.getName()); put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes(), "sex".getBytes(), random.getSex()); put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "height".getBytes(), random.getHeight()); put.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "weight".getBytes(), random.getWeight()); batch.add(put); Delete delete = new Delete(row_key); delete.addFamily(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF.getBytes()); delete.addColumn(constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX.getBytes(), "weight".getBytes()); batch.add(delete); mutator.mutate(batch); Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(constants.TABLE_NAME)); Get get = new Get(row_key); Result result1 = table.get(get); System.out.print("[------]name=" + getValue(result1, constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF, "name") + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]sex=" + getValue(result1, constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF, "sex") + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]height=" + getValue(result1, constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX, "height") + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]weight=" + getValue(result1, constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX, "weight") + "\n"); mutator.flush(); Result result2 = table.get(get); System.out.print("[------]name=" + getValue(result2, constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF, "name") + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]sex=" + getValue(result2, constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_DF, "sex") + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]height=" + getValue(result2, constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX, "height") + "\n"); System.out.print("[------]weight=" + getValue(result2, constants.COLUMN_FAMILY_EX, "weight") + "\n"); table.close(); mutator.close(); connection.close(); } private static String getValue(Result rs, String family, String column) { byte[] value = rs.getValue(family.getBytes(), column.getBytes()); if (value == null) { return ""; } else { return new String(value); } } }
===补充===
1）HTableDescriptor特性
可以通过 HTableDescriptor对象设置Table的相关特性 ，比如
//日志flush的时候是同步写，还是异步写 tb.setDurability(Durability.SYNC_WAL); //region size大小,当一个region中的最大store文件达到这个size时，region就开始分裂 tb.setMaxFileSize(1024*1024*1024); //MemStore大小,当memstore达到这个值时，开始往磁盘中刷数据 tb.setMemStoreFlushSize(256*1024*1024);
如果设置了MemStore时，HBase的数据会是先写入内存，数据累计达到内存阀值时才往磁盘中flush数据，
所以，如果在数据还没有flush进硬盘时，RegionServer down掉了，内存中的数据将丢失。
想解决这个场景的问题可以通过设置WAL日志级别来解决。即：tb.setDurability(Durability.SYNC_WAL);
setDurability(Durability d)方法可以在相关的三个对象中使用，分别是：HTableDescriptor，Delete，Put。
其中Delete和Put的该方法都是继承自父类org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Mutation。
分别针对表、插入操作、删除操作设定WAL日志写入级别。
需要注意的是，Delete和Put并不会继承Table的Durability级别（已实测验证）。
Durability是一个枚举变量，如果不通过该方法指定WAL日志级别，则为默认USE_DEFAULT级别。
USE_DEFAULT //全局默认的WAL写入级别，即 SYNC_WAL ASYNC_WAL //当数据变动时，异步写WAL日志 SYNC_WAL //当数据变动时，同步写WAL日志 FSYNC_WAL //当数据变动时，同步写WAL日志，并且，强制将数据写入磁盘 SKIP_WAL //不写WAL日志
2）HColumnDescriptor特性
可以通过 HColumnDescriptor对象设置ColumnFamily的特性 ，比如：
//压缩内存中和存储文件中的数据,默认NONE(不压缩) tb.setDataBlockEncoding(DataBlockEncoding.PREFIX); //bloom过滤器:NONE,ROW(默认值)和ROWCOL.ROWCOL除了过滤ROW还要过滤列族 tb.setBloomFilterType(BloomType.ROW); //集群间复制的时候,如果被设置成REPLICATION_SCOPE_LOCAL(默认值)就不能被复制了 tb.setScope(HConstants.REPLICATION_SCOPE_GLOBAL); //数据保存的最大版本数.默认是Long.MAX tb.setMaxVersions(3); //数据保存的最小版本数.默认是0.配合TTL使用 tb.setMinVersions(1); //数据保存的最长时间,即TTL,单位是ms tb.setTimeToLive(18000); //设定数据存储的压缩类型.默认无压缩(NONE) tb.setCompressionType(Algorithm.SNAPPY); //是否保存那些已经删除掉的cell tb.setKeepDeletedCells(false); //设置数据保存在内存中以提高响应速度 tb.setInMemory(true); //块缓存，保存着每个HFile数据块的startKey tb.setBlockCacheEnabled(true); //块的大小，默认值是65536 tb.setBlocksize(64*1024);
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