MySQL环境搭建
所有平台的MySQL下载地址:http://www.mysql.com/downloads。
1、简单介绍MySQL安装
Linux上安装MySQL的两种方式:源码安装、RPM包安装
1.1 MySQL的各RPM包:
①MySQL:MySQL服务器
②MySQL-client:MySQL客户端程序,用于连接并操作Mysql服务器
③MySQL-devel:库和包含文件,若想编译其它MySQL客户端(例如Perl模块),则需要安装该RPM包
④MySQL-shared:包含某些语言和应用程序需要动态装载的共享库(libmysqlclient.so*)
⑤MySQL-bench:数据库服务器的基准和性能测试工具
1.2 RPM包安装MySQL:
①MySQL官网下载版本tar包,上传到linux系统
mysql-5.7.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
②新建/software目录,将tar包mv到该目录下,tar开
tar xf mysql-5.7.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
③利用yum安装(推荐)
yum localinstall /software/*.rpm
④MySQL初始化、配置/etc/my.conf、关闭防火墙和selinux
2、初始化和设置
2.1、初始化启动MySQL服务:
[root@mysqlserver ~]# service mysqld start
netstat -an |grep :3306
mysql的初始密码在 /var/log/mysqld.log 里面
A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: a?tMa%FsE7a. 密码
vim /etc/my.cnf 添加:validate_password=off
[root@mysqlserver ~]# service mysqld restart
用初始密码登录进去之后:set password=password('123');
如果安装的是5.6版本的MySQL,在安装成功后,默认的root用户密码为空,命令行创建root用户的密码:
[root@mysqlserver ~]# mysqladmin -u root password 123
2.2、连接到MySQL服务器:
[root@mysqlserver ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Enter password:***
mysql> status 查看数据库状态
--------------
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.14, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
Connection id: 13
Current database: db1
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.7.14 Source distribution
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: latin1
Db characterset: latin1
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Uptime: 2 days 13 hours 25 min 42 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 10793065 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 646 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 426 Queries per second avg: 48.806
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.04 sec)
mysql> quit 退出MySQL
Bye
[root@mysqlserver ~]#
3.3、MySQL的配置文件/etc/my.cnf
[root@mysqlserver ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/mydata
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/mydata/mysqld.pid
注意:MySQL在windows的配置文件是my.ini