Junit的简单使用
1 实验
刚学了下利用进行Junit的单元测试,现在来记录下。
JUnit是一个开源的Java编程语言的单元测试框架,应用Junit可以快速高效的对代码进行测试。
现在主要利用JUnit测试如下代码,代码比较简单就不注释了,可以看出代码主要分为两个类BankAccount 和BankAccountGold
1 public class BankAccount 2 { 3 String AccountNumber; 4 String AccountName; 5 String ID; 6 String Password; 7 double TotalMoney; 8 9 public BankAccount(String AccountNumber, String AccountName, String ID, String Password) 10 { 11 this.AccountNumber = AccountNumber; 12 this.AccountName = AccountName; 13 this.ID = ID; 14 this.Password = Password; 15 } 16 17 public void Balance(String AccountNumber) 18 { 19 System.out.println("PLEASE FIND YOUR BALANCE INFORMATION"); 20 System.out.println("Account name:" + AccountName); 21 System.out.println("Account number:" + AccountNumber); 22 System.out.println("Your balance:" + TotalMoney); 23 } 24 25 public void Deposit(double AddMoney) 26 { 27 try 28 { 29 if(AddMoney < 0) throw new RuntimeException(); 30 this.TotalMoney += AddMoney; 31 } 32 catch(RuntimeException except) 33 { 34 System.out.println("Failed to deposite, money should be larger than 0"); 35 } 36 System.out.println("Deposited money succeeded, the total money is:" + TotalMoney); 37 } 38 39 public void Withdraw(double GetMoney) 40 { 41 try 42 { 43 if(GetMoney > this.TotalMoney ) throw new RuntimeException(); 44 this.TotalMoney -= GetMoney; 45 System.out.println("You have withdrawed money:" + GetMoney); 46 } 47 catch (RuntimeException except) 48 { 49 System.out.println("Error! you don't have enough balance"); 50 } 51 } 52 } 53 54 class BankAccountGold extends BankAccount 55 { 56 public BankAccountGold(String AccountNumber, String AccountName, String ID, String Password) 57 { 58 super(AccountNumber,AccountName,ID,Password); 59 } 60 public void Withdraw(double GetMoney, double overdraft) 61 { 62 overdraft = this.TotalMoney - GetMoney; 63 if(overdraft > 0) 64 { 65 this.TotalMoney = overdraft; 66 System.out.println("Succeeded to withdraw. your balance is" + this.TotalMoney); 67 } 68 else if((overdraft < 0)&&(overdraft > -1000)) 69 { 70 this.TotalMoney = overdraft + overdraft * 0.05; // The interest is 5% of the overdraft 71 System.out.println("Succeeded to withdraw. your balance is" + this.TotalMoney); 72 } 73 else 74 { 75 System.out.println("Failed to withdraw, you can not overdraft more than 1000!"); 76 } 77 } 78 }
利用Junit写出的测试代码如下
1 import static org.junit.Assert.*; 2 3 import org.junit.AfterClass; 4 import org.junit.Test; 5 6 public class BankAccountTest { 7 8 @AfterClass 9 public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception { 10 } 11 12 @Test 13 public void BankAccount() 14 { 15 String AccountNumberTest = new String("1"); 16 String AccountNameTest = new String("Q"); 17 String IDTest = new String("QID"); 18 String PasswordTest = new String("123"); 19 BankAccount s = new BankAccount(AccountNumberTest, AccountNameTest, IDTest, PasswordTest); 20 assertEquals(AccountNumberTest, s.AccountNumber); 21 assertEquals(AccountNameTest, s.AccountName); 22 assertEquals(IDTest, s.ID); 23 assertEquals(PasswordTest, s.Password); 24 } 25 26 @Test 27 public void Balance() 28 { 29 BankAccount s = new BankAccount("1", "Q", "QID", "123"); 30 31 s.Balance(s.AccountNumber); 32 } 33 34 @Test 35 public void ExceptionDeposit() 36 { 37 BankAccount s = new BankAccount("1", "Q", "QID", "123"); 38 s.Deposit(-10); 39 } 40 41 @Test 42 public void Deposit() 43 { 44 BankAccount s = new BankAccount("1", "Q", "QID", "123"); 45 s.Deposit(10); 46 } 47 48 @Test 49 public void ExceptionWithDraw() 50 { 51 BankAccount s = new BankAccount("1", "Q", "QID", "123"); 52 s.TotalMoney = 10; 53 s.Withdraw(100); 54 } 55 56 @Test 57 public void WithDraw() 58 { 59 BankAccount s = new BankAccount("1", "Q", "QID", "123"); 60 s.TotalMoney = 100; 61 s.Withdraw(10); 62 } 63 } 64 65 import static org.junit.Assert.*; 66 67 import org.junit.AfterClass; 68 import org.junit.Test; 69 70 public class BankAccountGoldTest { 71 72 @AfterClass 73 public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception { 74 } 75 76 @Test 77 public void BankAccountGold() 78 { 79 String AccountNumberTest = new String("1"); 80 String AccountNameTest = new String("Q"); 81 String IDTest = new String("QID"); 82 String PasswordTest = new String("123"); 83 84 BankAccountGold s= new BankAccountGold(AccountNumberTest, AccountNameTest, IDTest, PasswordTest); 85 assertEquals(AccountNumberTest, s.AccountNumber); 86 assertEquals(AccountNameTest, s.AccountName); 87 assertEquals(IDTest, s.ID); 88 assertEquals(PasswordTest, s.Password); 89 } 90 91 @Test 92 public void WithDraw() 93 { 94 BankAccountGold s = new BankAccountGold("1", "Q", "QID", "123"); 95 s.TotalMoney = 100; 96 s.Withdraw(10.0); 97 s.TotalMoney = 100; 98 s.Withdraw(150, 0); 99 s.TotalMoney = 100; 100 s.Withdraw(2000, 0); 101 } 102 }
测试结果如下:
2 总结&问题
这是我第一次接触自动的单元测试的框架,感觉还是很新奇。Junit在我看来本质就是利用一些assert等的辅助语句实现对软件自动化测试的工具。刚开始还以为测试用例都可以自己生成,接触后才发现还是无法达到这么智能,需要自己进行书写测试用例,只不过把一些之前可能要利用print才能看出结果的语句,利用自动化的图表统计出来。这个实验由于java和Junit都不熟,有个问题在这里记录下,希望之后可以解决。
在待测试代码中存在try catch语句时,如何测试代码进入到catch中。这里并不能直接利用Junit4中的expected来检测待测试进入异常。上述实验中是通过观看输出来判定是否到达这个分支,并不能实现自动测试。