js数据处理-----数据拷贝
一、理解深拷贝与浅拷贝
如下代码,把 a 的值赋给 b ,修改 b 的值会直接修改到 a 的值,这叫浅拷贝。(其实他们修改的是同一个对象)
var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a; b[2] = 100; console.log(a); //[1,2,100,4,5] console.log(b); //[1,2,100,4,5]
把 obj1 的值赋给 obj2 ,修改 obj2 的值,不会影响到 obj1 的值 ,这叫深拷贝
var obj1 = [1,2,3,4,5] var obj2 = []; for(var i = 0; i < obj1.length; i++){ obj2.push(obj1[i]) } obj2[2] = 100 console.log(obj1); //[1,2,3,4,5] console.log(obj2) //[1,2,100,4,5]
二、深度拷贝的多种情况
这里我列举以下几种例子,在以下的拷贝方法里也会将各种方法做一个比较,例子如下
var obj1 = {name:"张三",age:18} var obj2 = { name:"王五", intersects:{one:"游泳",two:"看书"}, getNum: function(){ return 10; }, numArr:["猫","狗","鸡"] } var arr1 = [1,2,3,4,5,"六","七"] var arr2 = [ {name:"张三",age:18}, {name:"王五",age:19} ]
方法一:转为JSON格式
亲测:obj1,arr1,arr2 均有效,obj2无效,
原因:这种方法的缺陷是会破坏原型链,并且无法拷贝属性值为function的属性
var copyObj2 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj1)) copyObj2.name = "哈哈" console.log(obj1) //{name:"张三",age:18} console.log(copyObj2) //{name:"哈哈",age:18}
方法二:采用递归的方式
亲测均有效
function copy(obj1, obj2) { var obj2 = obj2 || {}; for(var name in obj1) { if(typeof obj1[name] === "object") { obj2[name] = (obj1[name].constructor === Array) ? [] : {}; copy(obj1[name], obj2[name]); } else { obj2[name] = obj1[name]; } } return obj2; } var copyObj2 = {} copyObj2 = copy(obj2,copyObj2); copyObj2.getNum = function(){ return "单身狗" } console.log(obj2.getNum()) //10 console.log(copyObj2.getNum()) //单身狗
其他方法;
一、假如你用jquery,可以使用$.extend()
亲测均有效
var copyarr = $.extend(true, [], arr1); copyarr[1] = "888" console.log(copyarr); //[1,888,3,4,5,六,七] console.log(arr1); //[1,2,3,4,5,六,七]
var copyarr = $.extend(true, {}, obj2); copyarr.getNum = function(){ return "这是测试" } console.log(copyarr.getNum()); //这是测试 console.log(obj2.getNum()); //10