理论部分
◼ JAR文件◼ 应用程序首选项存储◼ Java Web Start
JAR文件:
1.Java程序的打包:程序编译完成后,程序员将.class文件压缩打包为.jar文件后,GUI界面程序就可以直接双击图标运行。
2.jar文件(Java归档)既可以包含类文件,也可包含诸如图像和声音这些其它类型的文件。
3.JAR文件是压缩的,它使用ZIP压缩格式。
jar命令 1 jar命令格式: jar {ctxui} [vfm0Me] [jar-file] [manifest-file] [entry-point] [-C dir] files ... 2 Jar命令选项(教材581页表13-1): – -c 创建一个新的或者空的存档文件并加入文件。 – -C 暂时改变到指定的目录 – -e 在清单文件中创建一个条目 – -f 将JAR文件名指定为第二个命令行参数 – -i 为指定的JAR文件产生索引信息 – -m 将一个清单文件(manifest)添加到JAR文件中 – -M 不产生所有项的清单文件(manifest) – -t 列出存档内容的列表 – -u 更新已存在的JAR文件 – -v 生成详细的输出结果 – -x 解压存档中的命名的(或所有的〕文件 – -0 只存储方式,不用ZIP压缩格式
(1) 创建JAR文件 jar cf jar-file input-file(s) c---want to Create a JAR file. eg: 1) jar cf MenuTest.jar *.class *.gif f---want the output to go to a file rather than to stdout. 2) jar cvf MenuTest.jar *.class *.gif v---Produces verbose output to stdout. 3) jar cvf MenuTest.jar * *---create all contents in current directory. 4) jar cv0f MenuTest.jar * 0---don't want the JAR file to be compressed.
(2) 查看JAR文件 jar tf jar-file t---want to view the Table of contents of the JAR file. eg: 1) jar tvf MenuTest.jar v---Produces verbose output to stdout.
(3) 提取JAR文件 jar xf jar-file [archived-file(s)] x---want to extract files from the JAR archive. eg: 1) jar xf MenuTest.jar copy.gif(仅提取文件copy.gif) 2) jar xf MenuTest.jar alex/copy.gif(仅提取目录alex下的 文件copy.gif) 3) jar xf MenuTest.jar(提取该JAR中的所有文件或目录)
(4) 更新JAR文件 jar uf jar-file input-file(s) u---want to update an existing JAR file. eg: 1) jar uf MenuTest.jar copy.gif (5) 索引JAR文件 jar i jar-file i---index an existing JAR file. eg: 1) jar i MenuTest.jar
清单文件
⚫ 每个JAR文件中包含一个用于描述归档特征的清单文件(manifest)。清单文件被命名为MANIFEST.MF,它位于JAR文件的一个特殊的META-INF子目录中。
⚫ 最小的符合标准的清单文件是很简单的:Manifest-Version:1.0复杂的清单文件包含多个条目,这些条目被分成多个节。第一节被称为主节,作用于整个JAR文件。随后的条目用来指定已命名条目的属性,可以是文件、包或者URL。
⚫ 清单文件的节与节之间用空行分开,最后一行必须以换行符结束。否则,清单文件将无法被正确地读取。
– 创建一个包含清单的JAR文件,应该运行:
jar cfm MyArchive.jar manifest.mf com/*.class
– 要更新一个已有JAR文件的清单,则需要将增加的部分
放置到一个文本文件中,运行如下命令:
jar ufm MyArchive.jar manifest-additions.mf
运行JAR文件
⚫ 用户可以通过下面的命令来启动应用程序:
java –jar MyProgram.jar
⚫ 窗口操作系统,可通过双击JAR文件图标来启动应用程序。
资源
⚫ Java中,应用程序使用的类通常需要一些相关的数据文件,这些文件称为资源(Resource)。
–图像和声音文件。
–带有消息字符串和按钮标签的文本文件。
–二进制数据文件,如:描述地图布局的文件。
⚫ 类加载器知道如何搜索类文件,直到在类路径、存档文件或Web服务器上找到为止。
⚫ 利用资源机制对于非类文件也可以进行同样操作,具体步骤如下:
– 获得资源的Class对象。
– 如果资源是一个图像或声音文件,那么就需要调用getresource(filename)获得资源的URL位置,然后利用getImage或getAudioClip方法进行读取。
– 如果资源是文本或二进制文件,那么就可以使用getResouceAsStream方法读取文件中的数据。
⚫ 资源文件可以与类文件放在同一个目录中,也可以将资源文件放在其它子目录中。具体有以下两种方式:
–相对资源名:如data/text/about.txt它会被解释为相对于加载这个资源的类所在的包。
–绝对资源名:如/corejava/title.txt ⚫ ResourceTest.java程序演示了资源加载的过程。 ⚫ 编译、创建JAR文件和执行这个程序的命令如下: – javac ResourceTest.java – jar cvfm ResourceTest.jar ResourceTest.mf *.class *.gif *.txt – java –jar ResourceTest.jar
1、实验目的与要求
(1) 掌握Java应用程序的打包操作;
(2) 了解应用程序存储配置信息的两种方法;
(3) 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法;
(5) 掌握Java GUI 编程技术。
实验部分——GUI编程练习与应用程序部署
1、实验目的与要求
(1) 掌握Java应用程序的打包操作;
(2) 了解应用程序存储配置信息的两种方法;
(3) 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法;
(5) 掌握Java GUI 编程技术。
2、实验内容和步骤
实验1: 导入第13章示例程序,测试程序并进行代码注释。
测试程序1
1.在elipse IDE中调试运行教材585页程序13-1,结合程序运行结果理解程序;
2.将所生成的JAR文件移到另外一个不同的目录中,再运行该归档文件,以便确认程序是从JAR文件中,而不是从当前目录中读取的资源。
3.掌握创建JAR文件的方法;
package
resource;
import
java.awt.*;
import
java.io.*;
import
java.net.*;
import
java.util.*;
import
javax.swing.*;
/**
* @version 1.41 2015-06-12
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public
class
ResourceTest
{
public
static
void
main(String[] args)
{
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
JFrame frame =
new
ResourceTestFrame();
frame.setTitle(
"ResourceTest"
);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(
true
);
});
}
}
/**
* A frame that loads image and text resources.
*/
class
ResourceTestFrame
extends
JFrame
{
private
static
final
int
DEFAULT_WIDTH =
300
;
private
static
final
int
DEFAULT_HEIGHT =
300
;
public
ResourceTestFrame()
{
setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
URL aboutURL = getClass().getResource(
"about.gif"
);
Image img =
new
ImageIcon(aboutURL).getImage();
setIconImage(img);
JTextArea textArea =
new
JTextArea();
InputStream stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream(
"about.txt"
);
try
(Scanner in =
new
Scanner(stream,
"UTF-8"
))
{
while
(in.hasNext())
textArea.append(in.nextLine() +
"\n"
);
}
add(textArea);
}
}
测试程序2
1.在elipse IDE中调试运行教材583页-584程序13-2,结合程序运行结果理解程序;
2.了解Properties类中常用的方法;
package properties;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.swing.*;
/**
* 一个测试属性的程序。 程序记住帧的位置、大小和标题
* @version 1.01 2015-06-16
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class PropertiesTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
PropertiesFrame frame = new PropertiesFrame();
frame.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
/**
* 从属性文件和更新恢复位置和大小的框架。退出时的属性。
*/
class PropertiesFrame extends JFrame
{
private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
private File propertiesFile;
private Properties settings;
public PropertiesFrame()
{
// 从属性获取位置、大小、标题
String userDir = System.getProperty("user.home");
File propertiesDir = new File(userDir, ".corejava");
if (!propertiesDir.exists()) propertiesDir.mkdir();
propertiesFile = new File(propertiesDir, "program.properties");
Properties defaultSettings = new Properties();
defaultSettings.setProperty("left", "0");
defaultSettings.setProperty("top", "0");
defaultSettings.setProperty("width", "" + DEFAULT_WIDTH);
defaultSettings.setProperty("height", "" + DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
defaultSettings.setProperty("title", "");
settings = new Properties(defaultSettings);
if (propertiesFile.exists())
try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(propertiesFile))
{
settings.load(in);
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
int left = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("left"));
int top = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("top"));
int width = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("width"));
int height = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("height"));
setBounds(left, top, width, height);
// 如果没有标题,请询问用户
String title = settings.getProperty("title");
if (title.equals(""))
title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
if (title == null) title = "";
setTitle(title);
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
{
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event)
{
settings.setProperty("left", "" + getX());
settings.setProperty("top", "" + getY());
settings.setProperty("width", "" + getWidth());
settings.setProperty("height", "" + getHeight());
settings.setProperty("title", getTitle());
try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(propertiesFile))
{
settings.store(out, "Program Properties");
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
![](https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1475017/201812/1475017-20181209145057590-102943520.png)
测试程序3
l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材593页-594程序13-3,结合程序运行结果理解程序;
了解Preferences类中常用的方法;
package preferences;
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.prefs.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.filechooser.*;
/**
* A program to test preference settings. The program remembers the frame
* position, size, and title.
* @version 1.03 2015-06-12
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class PreferencesTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
PreferencesFrame frame = new PreferencesFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
/**
* A frame that restores position and size from user preferences and updates the
* preferences upon exit.
*/
class PreferencesFrame extends JFrame
{
private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
private Preferences root = Preferences.userRoot();//定义根节点
private Preferences node = root.node("/com/horstmann/corejava");//定义节点路径名
public PreferencesFrame()//构造器
{
//从偏好获得位置、大小、标题
int left = node.getInt("left", 0);
int top = node.getInt("top", 0);
int width = node.getInt("width", DEFAULT_WIDTH);
int height = node.getInt("height", DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
setBounds(left, top, width, height);
// if no title given, ask user
String title = node.get("title", "");
if (title.equals(""))
title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
if (title == null) title = "";
setTitle(title);
// 设置显示XML文件的文件选择器
final JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
chooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));
chooser.setFileFilter(new FileNameExtensionFilter("XML files", "xml"));
//设置菜单
JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
setJMenuBar(menuBar);
JMenu menu = new JMenu("File");
menuBar.add(menu);
JMenuItem exportItem = new JMenuItem("Export preferences");
menu.add(exportItem);
exportItem
.addActionListener(event -> {
if (chooser.showSaveDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
{
try
{
savePreferences();
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(chooser
.getSelectedFile());
node.exportSubtree(out);
out.close();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
JMenuItem importItem = new JMenuItem("Import preferences");
menu.add(importItem);
importItem
.addActionListener(event -> {
if (chooser.showOpenDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
{
try
{
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(chooser
.getSelectedFile());
Preferences.importPreferences(in);
in.close();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
menu.add(exitItem);
exitItem.addActionListener(event -> {
savePreferences();
System.exit(0);
});
}
public void savePreferences()
{
node.putInt("left", getX());
node.putInt("top", getY());
node.putInt("width", getWidth());
node.putInt("height", getHeight());
node.put("title", getTitle());
}
}
测试程序4
1.在elipse IDE中调试运行教材619页-622程序13-6,结合程序运行结果理解程序;
2.掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法。
package webstart;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
/**
* 具有可作为Java Web启动应用程序部署的计算历史的计算器。
* @version 1.04 2015-06-12
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class Calculator
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
CalculatorFrame frame = new CalculatorFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
package webstart;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.jnlp.BasicService;
import javax.jnlp.FileContents;
import javax.jnlp.FileOpenService;
import javax.jnlp.FileSaveService;
import javax.jnlp.PersistenceService;
import javax.jnlp.ServiceManager;
import javax.jnlp.UnavailableServiceException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
/**
* 一个带有计算器面板和菜单的框架,用来载入和保存计算器历史。
*/
public class CalculatorFrame extends JFrame
{
private CalculatorPanel panel;
public CalculatorFrame()
{
setTitle();
panel = new CalculatorPanel();
add(panel);
JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
menuBar.add(fileMenu);
setJMenuBar(menuBar);
JMenuItem openItem = fileMenu.add("Open");
openItem.addActionListener(event -> open());
JMenuItem saveItem = fileMenu.add("Save");
saveItem.addActionListener(event -> save());
pack();
}
/**
* 从持久存储中获取标题,或者在没有以前的条目的情况下向用户请求标题。
*/
public void setTitle()
{
try
{
String title = null;
BasicService basic = (BasicService) ServiceManager.lookup("javax.jnlp.BasicService");
URL codeBase = basic.getCodeBase();
PersistenceService service = (PersistenceService) ServiceManager
.lookup("javax.jnlp.PersistenceService");
URL key = new URL(codeBase, "title");
try
{
FileContents contents = service.get(key);
InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
title = reader.readLine();
}
catch (FileNotFoundException e)
{
title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
if (title == null) return;
service.create(key, 100);
FileContents contents = service.get(key);
OutputStream out = contents.getOutputStream(true);
PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
printOut.print(title);
}
setTitle(title);
}
catch (UnavailableServiceException | IOException e)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
}
}
/**
* 打开历史文件并更新显示。
*/
public void open()
{
try
{
FileOpenService service = (FileOpenService) ServiceManager
.lookup("javax.jnlp.FileOpenService");
FileContents contents = service.openFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" });
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, contents.getName());
if (contents != null)
{
InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
{
panel.append(line);
panel.append("\n");
}
}
}
catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
}
catch (IOException e)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
}
}
/**
* 将计算器历史保存到文件中。
*/
public void save()
{
try
{
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
printOut.print(panel.getText());
InputStream data = new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());
FileSaveService service = (FileSaveService) ServiceManager
.lookup("javax.jnlp.FileSaveService");
service.saveFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" }, data, "calc.txt");
}
catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
}
catch (IOException e)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
}
}
}
package webstart;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;
/**
具有计算器按钮和结果显示的面板。
*/
public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
{
private JTextArea display;
private JPanel panel;
private double result;
private String lastCommand;
private boolean start;
/**
列出面板。
*/
public CalculatorPanel()
{
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
result = 0;
lastCommand = "=";
start = true;
// 添加显示
display = new JTextArea(10, 20);
add(new JScrollPane(display), BorderLayout.NORTH);
ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
ActionListener command = new CommandAction();
// 在4×4网格中添加按钮
panel = new JPanel();
panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));
addButton("7", insert);
addButton("8", insert);
addButton("9", insert);
addButton("/", command);
addButton("4", insert);
addButton("5", insert);
addButton("6", insert);
addButton("*", command);
addButton("1", insert);
addButton("2", insert);
addButton("3", insert);
addButton("-", command);
addButton("0", insert);
addButton(".", insert);
addButton("=", command);
addButton("+", command);
add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}
/**
获取历史文本。
@return the calculator history
*/
public String getText()
{
return display.getText();
}
/**
将字符串追加到历史文本中。
@param s the string to append
*/
public void append(String s)
{
display.append(s);
}
/**
向中心面板添加一个按钮。
@param label the button label
@param listener the button listener
*/
private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
{
JButton button = new JButton(label);
button.addActionListener(listener);
panel.add(button);
}
/**
此操作将按钮操作字符串插入到显示文本结束。
*/
private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
{
String input = event.getActionCommand();
start = false;
display.append(input);
}
}
/**
此操作执行按钮的命令。动作字符串表示。
*/
private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
{
String command = event.getActionCommand();
if (start)
{
if (command.equals("-"))
{
display.append(command);
start = false;
}
else
lastCommand = command;
}
else
{
try
{
int lines = display.getLineCount();
int lineStart = display.getLineStartOffset(lines - 1);
int lineEnd = display.getLineEndOffset(lines - 1);
String value = display.getText(lineStart, lineEnd - lineStart);
display.append(" ");
display.append(command);
calculate(Double.parseDouble(value));
if (command.equals("="))
display.append("\n" + result);
lastCommand = command;
display.append("\n");
start = true;
}
catch (BadLocationException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
执行悬而未决的计算。
@param x the value to be accumulated with the prior result.
*/
public void calculate(double x)
{
if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
}
}
实验2:GUI综合编程练习
按实验十四分组名单,组内讨论完成以下编程任务:
练习1:采用GUI界面设计以下程序,并进行部署与发布:
1.编制一个程序,将身份证号.txt 中的信息读入到内存中;
2.按姓名字典序输出人员信息;
3.查询最大年龄的人员信息;
4.查询最小年龄人员信息;
5.输入你的年龄,查询身份证号.txt中年龄与你最近人的姓名、身份证号、年龄、性别和出生地;
6.查询人员中是否有你的同乡。
7.输入身份证信息,查询所提供身份证号的人员信息,要求输入一个身份证数字时,查询界面就显示满足查询条件的查询结果,且随着输入的数字的增多,查询匹配的范围逐渐缩小。
package demo1;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class ButtonTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
JFrame frame = new Main();
frame.setTitle("身份证");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
package demo1;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
public class Main extends JFrame {
private static ArrayList<Student> studentlist;
private static ArrayList<Student> list;
private JPanel panel;
private JPanel buttonPanel;
private static final int DEFAULT_WITH = 600;
private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300;
public Main() {
studentlist = new ArrayList<>();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
File file = new File("C:\\Users\\ASUS\\Desktop\\身份证号.txt");
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
String temp = null;
while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {
Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);
linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");
String name = linescanner.next();
String number = linescanner.next();
String sex = linescanner.next();
String age = linescanner.next();
String province = linescanner.nextLine();
Student student = new Student();
student.setName(name);
student.setnumber(number);
student.setsex(sex);
int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
student.setage(a);
student.setprovince(province);
studentlist.add(student);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("学生信息文件找不到");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("学生信息文件读取错误");
e.printStackTrace();
}
panel = new JPanel();
panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
JTextArea jt = new JTextArea();
panel.add(jt);
add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
buttonPanel = new JPanel();
buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 7));
JButton jButton = new JButton("字典排序");
JButton jButton1 = new JButton("年龄最大和年龄最小");
JLabel lab = new JLabel("猜猜你的老乡");
JTextField jt1 = new JTextField();
JLabel lab1 = new JLabel("找找同龄人(年龄相近):");
JTextField jt2 = new JTextField();
JLabel lab2 = new JLabel("输入你的身份证号码:");
JTextField jt3 = new JTextField();
JButton jButton2 = new JButton("退出");
jButton.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jButton1.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jt1.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jt2.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jt3.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jButton2.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Collections.sort(studentlist);
jt.setText(studentlist.toString());
}
});
jButton1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int max = 0, min = 100;
int j, k1 = 0, k2 = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
j = studentlist.get(i).getage();
if (j > max) {
max = j;
k1 = i;
}
if (j < min) {
min = j;
k2 = i;
}
}
jt.setText("年龄最大:" + studentlist.get(k1) + "年龄最小:" + studentlist.get(k2));
}
});
jButton2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
});
jt1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String find = jt1.getText();
String text="";
String place = find.substring(0, 3);
for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
if (studentlist.get(i).getprovince().substring(1, 4).equals(place)) {
text+="\n"+studentlist.get(i);
jt.setText("老乡:" + text);
}
}
}
});
jt2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String yourage = jt2.getText();
int a = Integer.parseInt(yourage);
int near = agenear(a);
int value = a - studentlist.get(near).getage();
jt.setText("年龄相近:" + studentlist.get(near));
}
});
jt3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
list = new ArrayList<>();
Collections.sort(studentlist);
String key = jt3.getText();
for (int i = 1; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
if (studentlist.get(i).getnumber().contains(key)) {
list.add(studentlist.get(i));
jt.setText("emmm!你可能是:\n" + list);
//System.out.println("可能的人:" + studentlist.get(i));
//jt.setText("可能的人:" + studentlist.get(i));
}
}
}
});
buttonPanel.add(jButton);
buttonPanel.add(jButton1);
buttonPanel.add(lab);
buttonPanel.add(jt1);
buttonPanel.add(lab1);
buttonPanel.add(jt2);
buttonPanel.add(lab2);
buttonPanel.add(jt3);
buttonPanel.add(jButton2);
add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
setSize(DEFAULT_WITH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
}
public static int agenear(int age) {
int min = 53, value = 0, k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
value = studentlist.get(i).getage() - age;
if (value < 0)
value = -value;
if (value < min) {
min = value;
k = i;
}
}
return k;
}
}
package demo1;
public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {
private String name;
private String number ;
private String sex ;
private int age;
private String province;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getnumber() {
return number;
}
public void setnumber(String number) {
this.number = number;
}
public String getsex() {
return sex ;
}
public void setsex(String sex ) {
this.sex =sex ;
}
public int getage() {
return age;
}
public void setage(int age) {
// int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
this.age= age;
}
public String getprovince() {
return province;
}
public void setprovince(String province) {
this.province=province ;
}
public int compareTo(Student o) {
return this.name.compareTo(o.getName());
}
public String toString() {
return name+"\t"+sex+"\t"+age+"\t"+number+"\t"+province+"\n";
}
}
运行结果:
1.查询最大年龄的人员信息;
2.查询最小年龄人员信息;
老乡:
年龄相近的人:
输入身份证信息,查询所提供身份证号的人员信息,要求输入一个身份证数字时,查询界面就显示满足查询条件的查询结果,且随着输入的数字的增多,查询匹配的范围逐渐缩小。
输入数字26时:
输入数字265时:
采用GUI界面设计以下程序,并进行部署与发布
l 编写一个计算器类,可以完成加、减、乘、除的操作
l 利用计算机类,设计一个小学生100以内数的四则运算练习程序,由计算机随机产生10道加减乘除练习题,学生输入答案,由程序检查答案是否正确,每道题正确计10分,错误不计分,10道题测试结束后给出测试总分;
l 将程序中测试练习题及学生答题结果输出到文件,文件名为test.txt。
程序如下:
package
ui_test;
import
java.awt.*;
import
java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import
java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import
java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import
java.io.File;
import
java.io.FileOutputStream;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.util.ArrayList;
import
javax.swing.*;
public
class
MyExGUI
extends
JFrame {
ArrayList<String> user_zongti =
new
ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> user_zonganswer =
new
ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> user_answer =
new
ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> true_answer =
new
ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> jta_timu =
new
ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> jta_zong =
new
ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<Integer> user_fenshu =
new
ArrayList<Integer>();
JMenuBar jm;
// 菜单条组件
JMenu menu;
// 菜单
JMenuItem item1, item2;
// 菜单项
JMenu build;
// 二级菜单
JMenuItem file, project;
TextArea answer_all =
new
TextArea();
TextField jta =
new
TextField();
TextField jta_answer =
new
TextField();
JLabel num_answer =
new
JLabel();
JLabel answer;
JToolBar jtb;
// 工具条
JButton jb1, jb2, jb3, jb4, jb5, jb6, jb7, jb_next;
int
answer_count;
int
answer_fenshu;
public
MyExGUI() {
// 创建菜单
jm =
new
JMenuBar();
menu =
new
JMenu(
"文件(F)"
);
menu.setMnemonic(
'f'
);
// 助记符
build =
new
JMenu(
"新建"
);
file =
new
JMenuItem(
"文件"
);
project =
new
JMenuItem(
"答题"
);
item1 =
new
JMenuItem(
"保存(S)"
);
item2 =
new
JMenuItem(
"退出"
);
answer =
new
JLabel(
"第 1 题"
);
// 添加菜单项至菜单上
build.add(file);
build.add(project);
menu.add(build);
menu.add(item1);
menu.add(item2);
menu.addSeparator();
// 将菜单加入至菜单栏
jm.add(menu);
JPanel contentPanel =
new
JPanel();
contentPanel.setLayout(
null
);
JLabel daan =
new
JLabel(
"答案"
);
JLabel dengyu =
new
JLabel(
"="
);
num_answer = answer;
num_answer.setFont(
new
Font(
"宋体"
, Font.BOLD,
22
));
jb_next =
new
JButton(
"下一题"
);
jta.setFont(
new
Font(
"宋体"
, Font.BOLD,
22
));
jta_answer.setFont(
new
Font(
"宋体"
, Font.BOLD,
22
));
jb_next.setFont(
new
Font(
"宋体"
, Font.BOLD,
22
));
daan.setFont(
new
Font(
"宋体"
, Font.BOLD,
22
));
dengyu.setFont(
new
Font(
"宋体"
, Font.BOLD,
22
));
contentPanel.add(num_answer);
contentPanel.add(daan);
contentPanel.add(dengyu);
contentPanel.add(jta);
contentPanel.add(jta_answer);
contentPanel.add(answer_all);
contentPanel.add(jb_next);
num_answer.setBounds(
90
,
20
,
130
,
50
);
daan.setBounds(
250
,
20
,
90
,
50
);
jta.setBounds(
50
,
70
,
150
,
30
);
dengyu.setBounds(
205
,
70
,
20
,
20
);
jta_answer.setBounds(
230
,
70
,
100
,
30
);
jb_next.setBounds(
350
,
70
,
110
,
30
);
answer_all.setBounds(
50
,
120
,
400
,
300
);
this
.setJMenuBar(jm);
// 添加菜单栏,不能设定位置,会自动放在最上部
this
.add(contentPanel);
this
.setTitle(
"在线答题系统"
);
this
.setSize(
600
,
500
);
this
.setVisible(
true
);
this
.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
item1.addActionListener(
new
ActionListener() {
public
void
actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
FileOutputStream outSTr =
null
;
BufferedOutputStream Buff =
null
;
boolean
flag =
true
;
File file;
// String test ;
do
{
// test = "test"+count;
String inputValue = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(
"Please input file name"
);
file =
new
File(inputValue +
"test.txt"
);
if
(!file.exists()) {
// 创建文件
try
{
flag = file.createNewFile();
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
flag =
false
;
}
else
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(
null
,
"该文件名已存在,请重新输入"
,
"ERROR"
, JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
flag =
true
;
}
}
while
(flag);
// 写入文件
String u_answer;
try
{
outSTr =
new
FileOutputStream(file);
Buff =
new
BufferedOutputStream(outSTr);
System.out.println(
"选择是后执行的代码"
+ user_zongti.size() + user_answer.size());
for
(
int
i =
0
; i < user_zongti.size(); i++) {
try
{
Buff.write(user_zongti.get(i).getBytes());
Buff.write(
" "
.getBytes());
u_answer = user_answer.get(i);
if
(u_answer.equals(
""
))
u_answer =
"没有作答"
;
Buff.write(u_answer.getBytes());
Buff.write(
"\r\n"
.getBytes());
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
i--;
}
}
Buff.flush();
Buff.close();
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try
{
outSTr.close();
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
user_zongti.clear();
user_answer.clear();
}
});
project.addActionListener(
new
ActionListener() {
public
void
actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
arithmetic art =
new
arithmetic();
true_answer = art.list_answer;
jta_timu = art.list_timu;
jta_zong = art.list;
answer_count =
1
;
answer_all.setText(
""
);
for
(
int
i =
0
; i < art.list_timu.size(); i++) {
user_zongti.add(jta_zong.get(i));
answer_all.append(jta_timu.get(i));
answer_all.append(
"\r\n"
);
}
num_answer.setText(
"第 "
+ answer_count +
" 题"
);
jta.setText(jta_timu.get(answer_count -
1
));
answer_count++;
}
});
jb_next.addActionListener(
new
ActionListener() {
public
void
actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
String temp;
temp = jta_answer.getText();
if
(jta.getText().equals(
""
)) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(
null
,
"错误,请导入题库"
,
"错误"
, JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
return
;
}
jta_answer.setText(
""
);
if
(answer_count <=
10
) {
if
(isInteger(temp)) {
user_answer.add(temp);
System.out.println(
"选择否后执行的代码"
+ temp +
"user_size"
+ user_answer.size());
num_answer.setText(
"第 "
+ answer_count +
" 题"
);
jta.setText(jta_timu.get(answer_count -
1
));
answer_count++;
}
else
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(
null
,
"错误"
,
"请输入数字"
, JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
}
}
else
{
user_answer.add(temp);
System.out.println(
"选择否后执行的代码"
+ temp +
"user_size"
+ user_answer.size());
answer_fenshu =
0
;
for
(
int
i =
0
; i < user_answer.size(); i++) {
if
(user_answer.get(i).equals(true_answer.get(i)))
answer_fenshu +=
5
;
}
user_fenshu.add(answer_fenshu);
Object[] options = {
"是"
,
"取消"
};
int
res = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(
null
,
"是否查看成绩"
,
"答题完毕"
, JOptionPane.DEFAULT_OPTION,
JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION,
null
, options, options[
0
]);
if
(res == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
chart ct =
new
chart(user_fenshu);
ct.setVisible(
true
);
}
else
{
Object[] option = {
"是"
,
"取消"
};
int
res1 = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(
null
,
"是否退出程序"
,
"终止框"
, JOptionPane.DEFAULT_OPTION,
JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION,
null
, option, option[
0
]);
if
(res1 == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
dispose();
System.exit(
0
);
}
else
{
}
}
}
}
});
item2.addActionListener(
new
ActionListener() {
public
void
actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
dispose();
System.exit(
0
);
}
});
}
public
static
boolean
isInteger(String str) {
for
(
int
i = str.length(); --i >=
0
;) {
if
(!Character.isDigit(str.charAt(i))) {
return
false
;
}
}
return
true
;
}
}
package
ui_test;
import
java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import
java.io.File;
import
java.io.FileOutputStream;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.util.ArrayList;
import
java.util.Random;
import
java.util.Scanner;
public
class
arithmetic {
ArrayList<String> list =
new
ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> list_timu =
new
ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> list_answer =
new
ArrayList<String>();
public
arithmetic() {
FileOutputStream outSTr =
null
;
BufferedOutputStream Buff =
null
;
int
number_n =
10
, count;
ArrayList<String> list_temp =
new
ArrayList<String>();
String[] operator =
new
String[] {
"+"
,
"-"
,
"*"
,
"/"
};
Random rand =
new
Random();
File file1 =
new
File(
"test.txt"
);
if
(file1.exists()) {
// 创建文件
try
{
file1.createNewFile();
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
while
(number_n >
0
) {
int
[] number_temp =
new
int
[rand.nextInt(
2
) +
3
];
String[] str_temp =
new
String[number_temp.length -
1
];
for
(
int
i =
0
; i < number_temp.length; i++) {
if
(i < number_temp.length -
1
) {
number_temp[i] = rand.nextInt(
100
);
list_temp.add(String.valueOf(number_temp[i]));
str_temp[i] = operator[rand.nextInt(
4
)];
list_temp.add(str_temp[i]);
}
else
{
number_temp[i] = rand.nextInt(
100
);
list_temp.add(String.valueOf(number_temp[i]));
}
}
count = calculate_RPN(produce_RPN(list_temp));
if
(count != -
1
) {
list_timu.add(transform_string(list_temp));
list_answer.add(String.valueOf(count));
list_temp.add(
" = "
+ count);
list.add(transform_string(list_temp));
number_n--;
list_temp.clear();
}
else
list_temp.clear();
System.out.println(number_n);
}
try
{
outSTr =
new
FileOutputStream(file1);
Buff =
new
BufferedOutputStream(outSTr);
for
(
int
i =
0
; i < list.size(); i++) {
try
{
Buff.write(list.get(i).getBytes());
Buff.write(
"\r\n"
.getBytes());
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
i--;
}
}
Buff.flush();
Buff.close();
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// Buff.close();
try
{
outSTr.close();
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
for
(
int
i =
0
; i < list.size(); i++) {
System.out.print(list.get(i));
System.out.println();
}
System.out.print(
"计算完毕!"
);
}
public
static
int
calculate_RPN(ArrayList<String> list_temp) {
int
i =
0
, t;
double
a =
0
, b =
0
;
String l_temp;
Stack sk =
new
Stack(
10
);
for
(t =
0
; t < list_temp.size(); t++) {
l_temp = list_temp.get(i++);
if
(!isInteger(l_temp)) {
b = sk.mypop();
a = sk.mypop();
switch
(l_temp) {
case
"+"
:
sk.mypush(a + b);
break
;
case
"-"
:
if
(!(a<b)) {
sk.mypush(a - b);
}
else
return
-
1
;
break
;
case
"*"
:
sk.mypush(a * b);
break
;
case
"/"
:
if
(b ==
0
||a<b)
return
-
1
;
sk.mypush(a / b);
break
;
}
System.out.println(
"st.mytop: "
+ sk.mypeek());
}
else
{
sk.mypush((
double
) Integer.parseInt(l_temp));
}
}
if
(!sk.myisempty()) {
a = sk.mypop();
b = a - (
int
) a;
System.out.println(
"a: "
+ a);
if
(a >
0
&& b ==
0
) {
return
(
int
) a;
}
else
return
-
1
;
}
else
return
-
1
;
}
public
static
ArrayList<String> produce_RPN(ArrayList<String> list_temp) {
int
t =
0
, i =
0
;
String tmp;
Tack mytack =
new
Tack(
10
);
ArrayList<String> lt_temp =
new
ArrayList<String>();
while
(
true
) {
tmp = list_temp.get(i++);
if
(isInteger(tmp)) {
lt_temp.add(tmp);
}
else
{
if
(mytack.myisempty()) {
mytack.mypush(tmp);
}
else
{
if
(isCPriority(tmp, mytack.mypeek()))
mytack.mypush(tmp);
else
{
lt_temp.add(mytack.mypop());
mytack.mypush(tmp);
}
}
}
if
(i >= list_temp.size()) {
while
(!mytack.myisempty())
lt_temp.add(mytack.mypop());
System.out.println(transform_string(list_temp));
list_temp = lt_temp;
System.out.println(list_temp);
return
list_temp;
}
}
}
public
static
boolean
isInteger(String str) {
for
(
int
i = str.length(); --i >=
0
;) {
if
(!Character.isDigit(str.charAt(i))) {
return
false
;
}
}
return
true
;
}
public
static
boolean
isCPriority(String str, String s) {
if
((str + s).equals(
"*+"
) || (str + s).equals(
"*-"
) || (str + s).equals(
"/+"
) || (str + s).equals(
"/-"
))
return
true
;
else
return
false
;
}
public
static
String transform_string(ArrayList<String> list_temp) {
String s =
""
;
for
(
int
i =
0
; i < list_temp.size(); i++) {
s += list_temp.get(i);
}
return
s;
}
static
class
Stack {
int
mytop;
double
stk[];
public
Stack(
int
num) {
mytop = -
1
;
stk =
new
double
[num];
}
/* 出栈 */
double
mypop() {
double
peek = stk[mytop];
mytop--;
return
peek;
}
/* 入栈 */
void
mypush(
double
x) {
mytop++;
stk[mytop] = x;
}
/* 判空 */
Boolean myisempty() {
if
(mytop == -
1
)
return
true
;
else
return
false
;
}
/* 取栈顶元素 */
double
mypeek() {
double
peek = stk[mytop];
return
peek;
}
/* 栈大小 */
int
mysize() {
return
mytop +
1
;
}
}
static
class
Tack {
int
mytop;
String tk[];
public
Tack(
int
num) {
mytop = -
1
;
tk =
new
String[num];
}
/* 出栈 */
String mypop() {
String peek = tk[mytop];
mytop--;
return
peek;
}
/* 入栈 */
void
mypush(String x) {
mytop++;
tk[mytop] = x;
}
/* 判空 */
Boolean myisempty() {
if
(mytop == -
1
)
return
true
;
else
return
false
;
}
/* 取栈顶元素 */
String mypeek() {
String peek = tk[mytop];
return
peek;
}
/* 栈大小 */
int
mysize() {
return
mytop +
1
;
}
}
}
package
ui_test;
import
java.awt.Color;
import
java.awt.Graphics;
import
java.awt.Graphics2D;
import
java.util.ArrayList;
import
java.util.Random;
import
javax.swing.JFrame;
public
class
chart
extends
JFrame{
//绘制柱形统计图
ArrayList<Integer> ran=
new
ArrayList<Integer>();
public
chart(ArrayList<Integer> scores)
{
super
();
getContentPane().setForeground(Color.CYAN);
setForeground(Color.CYAN);
setBackground(Color.CYAN);
for
(
int
i=
0
;i<scores.size();i++)
{
ran.add(scores.get(i));
System.out.println(scores.get(i));
}
setTitle(
"绘制柱形图"
);
setSize(
600
,
400
);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
@Override
public
void
paint(Graphics g){
int
Width = getWidth();
int
Height = getHeight();
int
leftMargin =
20
;
//柱形图左边界
int
topMargin =
50
;
//柱形图上边界
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
g2.setColor(Color.WHITE);
//绘制白色背景
g2.fillRect(
0
,
0
, Width, Height-
100
);
//绘制矩形图
g2.setColor(Color.black);
for
(
int
i=
0
;i<=
10
;i++)
{
//绘制灰色横线和百分比
g2.drawString((
100
-
10
*i)+
" "
,
15
, topMargin+
30
*i);
g2.drawLine(
10
, topMargin+
30
*i, Width, topMargin+
30
*i);
//绘制灰色横线
}
g2.setColor(Color.RED);
for
(
int
i=
0
;i<=ran.size();i++)
{
//绘制柱形图
int
step = (i+
1
)*
40
;
//设置每个柱形图的水平间隔为40
//绘制矩形
g2.fillRoundRect(leftMargin+step*
2
-
5
,(
100
-ran.get(i))*
3
+
50
,
40
,
300
-(
100
-ran.get(i))*
3
,
40
,
10
);
//列出测试轮数
g2.drawString(
"第"
+(i+
1
)+
"轮"
, leftMargin+step*
2
,
380
);
}
}
}
![](https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1475017/201812/1475017-20181209160834110-998809561.png)
实验总结:
这部分内容自己掌握的不好,程序运行很吃力,不会的很多也经过了同学的帮助才完成,还需努力钻研。