maven常用的插件
补充几个maven常用的插件。
1. git-commit-id-plugin
官网：https://github.com/git-commit-id/git-commit-id-maven-plugin
这个插件在分布式部署环境非常有用，可以通过此插件看出打包所处的git环境，分支、仓库、提交的head信息等。
包含两个目标：
1.git-commit-id:revision：将构建时的信息保存到指定文件中或maven的属性中。
2.git-commit-id:validateRevision：校验属性是否符合预期值，默认绑定阶段：verify。(这个不常用)
1. 增加git.properties信息和增加Controller查看信息
1.pom引入
<!-- git-commit-id-plugin -->
<plugin>
<groupId>pl.project13.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>git-commit-id-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>revision</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<!--构建过程中,是否打印详细信息-->
<verbose>true</verbose>
<!--日期格式-->
<dateFormat>yyyyMMddHHmmss</dateFormat>
<!--是否生成"git.properties"文件;默认值:false;-->
<generateGitPropertiesFile>true</generateGitPropertiesFile>
<!--指定"git.properties"文件的存放路径-->
<generateGitPropertiesFilename>${project.build.outputDirectory}/git.properties
</generateGitPropertiesFilename>
</configuration>
</plugin>
2.执行revision 目标
liqiang@root MINGW64 /e/xiangmu/springboot-ssm (master) $ mvn git-commit-id:revision [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building springboot-ssm 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] --- git-commit-id-plugin:3.0.1:revision (default-cli) @ springboot-ssm --- [INFO] dotGitDirectory E:\xiangmu\springboot-ssm\.git [INFO] Collected git.build.user.name with value qiaozhi [INFO] Collected git.build.user.email with value qiao_liqiang@163.com [INFO] Collected git.branch with value master [INFO] --always = true [INFO] --dirty = -dirty [INFO] --abbrev = 7 [INFO] Tag refs [[]] [INFO] Created map: [{}] [INFO] evalCommit is [9120cf8905b7a6a44fbfe755c511b0602efc16e7] [INFO] Collected git.commit.id.describe with value 9120cf8-dirty [INFO] Collected git.commit.id.describe-short with value 9120cf8-dirty [INFO] Collected git.commit.id with value 9120cf8905b7a6a44fbfe755c511b0602efc16e7 [INFO] Collected git.commit.id.abbrev with value 9120cf8 [INFO] Collected git.dirty with value true [INFO] Collected git.commit.user.name with value qqiaoliqiang [INFO] Collected git.commit.user.email with value 954318308@qq.com [INFO] Collected git.commit.message.full with value ▒▒▒▒git▒▒Ϣ▒鿴▒▒▒ [INFO] Collected git.commit.message.short with value ▒▒▒▒git▒▒Ϣ▒鿴▒▒▒ [INFO] Collected git.commit.time with value 20201113140739 [INFO] Collected git.remote.origin.url with value https://github.com/qiao-zhi/springboot-ssm.git [INFO] Collected git.tags with value [INFO] evalCommit is [9120cf8905b7a6a44fbfe755c511b0602efc16e7] [INFO] Tag refs [[]] [INFO] Created map: [{}] [INFO] Collected git.closest.tag.name with value [INFO] evalCommit is [9120cf8905b7a6a44fbfe755c511b0602efc16e7] [INFO] Tag refs [[]] [INFO] Created map: [{}] [INFO] Collected git.closest.tag.commit.count with value [INFO] Collected git.total.commit.count with value 78 [INFO] Collected git.local.branch.ahead with value 0 [INFO] Collected git.local.branch.behind with value 0 [INFO] Collected git.build.time with value 20201114202916 [INFO] Collected git.build.version with value 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] Collected git.build.host with value root [INFO] including property git.build.user.email in results [INFO] including property git.build.host in results [INFO] including property git.dirty in results [INFO] including property git.local.branch.behind in results [INFO] including property git.remote.origin.url in results [INFO] including property git.closest.tag.name in results [INFO] including property git.local.branch.ahead in results [INFO] including property git.total.commit.count in results [INFO] including property git.commit.id.describe-short in results [INFO] including property git.commit.user.email in results [INFO] including property git.commit.time in results [INFO] including property git.commit.message.full in results [INFO] including property git.build.version in results [INFO] including property git.commit.message.short in results [INFO] including property git.commit.id.abbrev in results [INFO] including property git.branch in results [INFO] including property git.build.user.name in results [INFO] including property git.closest.tag.commit.count in results [INFO] including property git.commit.id.describe in results [INFO] including property git.commit.id in results [INFO] including property git.tags in results [INFO] including property git.build.time in results [INFO] including property git.commit.user.name in results [INFO] Writing properties file to [E:\xiangmu\springboot-ssm\target\classes\git.properties] (for module springboot-ssm)... [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 16.472 s [INFO] Finished at: 2020-11-14T20:29:16+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 23M/245M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
会在编译目录生成git.properties文件：
文件内容是git相关信息。内容大致如下：
#Generated by Git-Commit-Id-Plugin #Sat Nov 14 20:29:16 CST 2020 git.branch=master git.build.host=root git.build.time=20201114202916 git.build.user.email=qiao_liqiang@163.com git.build.user.name=qiaozhi git.build.version=0.0.1-SNAPSHOT git.closest.tag.commit.count= git.closest.tag.name= git.commit.id=9120cf8905b7a6a44fbfe755c511b0602efc16e7 git.commit.id.abbrev=9120cf8 git.commit.id.describe=9120cf8-dirty git.commit.id.describe-short=9120cf8-dirty git.commit.message.full=\u589E\u52A0git\u4FE1\u606F\u67E5\u770B\u63D2\u4EF6 git.commit.message.short=\u589E\u52A0git\u4FE1\u606F\u67E5\u770B\u63D2\u4EF6 git.commit.time=20201113140739 git.commit.user.email=954318308@qq.com git.commit.user.name=qqiaoliqiang git.dirty=true git.local.branch.ahead=0 git.local.branch.behind=0 git.remote.origin.url=https\://github.com/qiao-zhi/springboot-ssm.git git.tags= git.total.commit.count=78
build.host是build的计算机名称。下面是提交信息以及分支信息、总提交次数等信息。
可以通过Controller暴露信息，这样可以通过Controller查看打包信息。
(1)类信息如下：
package cn.qlq.git; import lombok.Data; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; import org.springframework.core.env.Environment; /** * @author: 乔利强 * @date: 2020/11/13 12:45 * @description: */ @Configuration @PropertySource(value = "classpath:git.properties", ignoreResourceNotFound = true) public class BuildInfoProperties { @Autowired private Environment env; @Bean public BuildInfo getBuildInfo() { BuildInfo buildInfo = new BuildInfo(); buildInfo.gitDirty = env.getProperty("git.dirty"); buildInfo.gitRemoteOriginUrl = env.getProperty("git.remote.origin.url"); buildInfo.gitTags = env.getProperty("git.tags"); buildInfo.gitBranch = env.getProperty("git.branch"); buildInfo.gitCommitUserName = env.getProperty("git.commit.user.name"); buildInfo.gitCommitTime = env.getProperty("git.commit.time"); buildInfo.gitCommitMessageFull = env.getProperty("git.commit.message.full"); buildInfo.gitCommitId = env.getProperty("git.commit.id"); buildInfo.gitBuildVersion = env.getProperty("git.build.version"); buildInfo.gitBuildUserName = env.getProperty("git.build.user.name"); buildInfo.gitBuildTime = env.getProperty("git.build.time"); buildInfo.gitBuildHost = env.getProperty("git.build.host"); return buildInfo; } @Data public static class BuildInfo { private String gitDirty; private String gitRemoteOriginUrl; private String gitTags; private String gitBranch; private String gitCommitUserName; private String gitCommitTime; private String gitCommitMessageFull; private String gitCommitId; private String gitBuildVersion; private String gitBuildUserName; private String gitBuildTime; private String gitBuildHost; } }
Controller信息如下：
package cn.qlq.git; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * @author: 乔利强 * @date: 2020/11/13 12:46 * @description: */ @RestController public class BuildInfoController { @Autowired private BuildInfoProperties.BuildInfo buildInfo; @GetMapping(value = "/buildinfo", produces = {"application/json;charset=UTF-8"}) public String getBuildInfo() { return buildInfo.toString(); } }
（2）启动测试：
$ curl http://localhost:8088/buildinfo % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- 100 411 100 411 0 0 13258 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 27400BuildInfoProperties.BuildInfo(gitDirty=true, gitRemoteOriginUrl=https://github.com/qiao-zhi/springboot-ssm.git, gitTags=, gitBranch=master, gitCommitUserName=qqiaoliqiang, gitCommitTime=20201113140739, gitCommitMessageFull=增加git信息查看插件, gitCommitId=9120cf8905b7a6a44fbfe755c511b0602efc16e7, gitBuildVersion=0.0.1-SNAPSHOT, gitBuildUserName=qiaozhi, gitBuildTime=20201114202916, gitBuildHost=root)
补充 ：关于Environment 和 @PropertySource 的关系
Spring抽象了一个Environment来表示Spring应用程序环境配置，它整合了各种各样的外部环境，并且提供统一访问的方法。
@PropertySource 是Java Config方式的注解，其属性会自动注册到相应的Environment
@GetMapping(value = "/testEnv") public String testEnv() { String serverPort = env.getProperty("server.port"); String commitId = env.getProperty("git.commit.id"); return serverPort + "\t" + commitId; }
测试：Environment可以读到application.properties配置的信息和@PropertySource 读取的properties文件的信息
$ curl http://localhost:8088/testEnv % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- 100 45 100 45 0 0 64 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 66 8088 9120cf8905b7a6a44fbfe755c511b0602efc16e7
spring的environment对象可以获取到java中系统属性和系统环境变量。也就是System.getenv(key) 可以获取到的环境变量和System.getProperty(key)可以获取到的属性。
2.配置打包名称， 可以从打包后文件查看commit的版本号
pom文件可以获取上面生成的git信息，类似于生成到pom文件中的propertis，可以在pom中${var}获取，也可以在application.yml 中用@var@ 获取。
1.修改pom中打包的版本信息
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-${git.commit.id.abbrev}</version>
2.执行package打包
结果：
[INFO] Building war: E:\xiangmu\springboot-ssm\target\springboot-ssm-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-9120cf8.war
2. docker-maven-plugin 插件的使用
docker-maven-plugin 是为了帮助我们在Maven工程中，通过简单的配置，自动生成镜像并推送到仓库中。
git地址： https://github.com/spotify/docker-maven-plugin#use-a-dockerfile
1.配置DOCKER_HOST
docker-maven-plugin 插件默认连接本地 Docker 地址为：localhost:2375，所以我们需要先设置下环境变量。
可以通过如下命令查看：
$ docker-machine env default export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY="1" export DOCKER_HOST="tcp://192.168.99.100:2376" export DOCKER_CERT_PATH="C:\Users\liqiang\.docker\machine\machines\default" export DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME="default" export COMPOSE_CONVERT_WINDOWS_PATHS="true" # Run this command to configure your shell: # eval $("E:\docker\Docker Toolbox\docker-machine.exe" env default)
最后在cmd执行如下：
SET DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY=1 SET DOCKER_HOST=tcp://192.168.99.100:2376 SET DOCKER_CERT_PATH=C:\Users\liqiang\.docker\machine\machines\default SET DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME=default SET COMPOSE_CONVERT_WINDOWS_PATHS=true
2.开始构建
构建镜像有两种方式。第一种是将构建信息指定到 POM 中，第二种是使用已存在的 Dockerfile 构建。第一种方式，支持将 FROM, ENTRYPOINT, CMD, MAINTAINER 以及 ADD 信息配置在 POM 中，不
需要使用 Dockerfile 配置。但是如果使用 VOLUME 或其他 Dockerfile 中的命令的时候，需要使用第二种方式，创建一个 Dockerfile，并在 POM 中配置 dockerDirectory 来指定路径即可。
1.方式一：pom.xml 指定
(1)pom中增加插件：
<build> <plugins> ... <plugin> <groupId>com.spotify</groupId> <artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> <configuration> <imageName>springboot-ssm</imageName> <baseImage>hub.c.163.com/library/java:8-alpine</baseImage> <entryPoint>["java", "-jar", "/${project.build.finalName}.jar"]</entryPoint> <!-- copy the service's jar file from target into the root directory of the image --> <resources> <resource> <targetPath>/</targetPath> <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory> <include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include> </resource> </resources> </configuration> </plugin> ... </plugins> </build>
(2)cmd到目录下执行如下命令：或者用IDEA提供的MAVEN插件也可以
mvn docker:build
(3) 执行成功后查看镜像
E:\xiangmu\springboot-ssm>docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE springboot-ssm latest 1f5ab3f332ab 4 minutes ago 145MB hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 10 months ago 13.3kB hub.c.163.com/library/rabbitmq management fb11f4e0a6b6 3 years ago 124MB hub.c.163.com/library/rabbitmq latest 88b79c465d96 3 years ago 124MB hub.c.163.com/library/java 8-alpine d991edd81416 3 years ago 145MB
(4) 启动镜像
docker run -d -p 8088:8088 springboot-ssm
2.方式二：使用Dockerfile(常见)
（1）修改pom
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>cn.qlq</groupId> <artifactId>springboot-ssm</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <!-- <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version> </parent> --> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.3.1.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 设置Tomcat打包的时候不打包下面配置 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <!--<scope>provided</scope>--> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> <!--docker plugin--> <plugin> <groupId>com.spotify</groupId> <artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> <configuration> <imageName>springboot-ssm</imageName> <dockerDirectory>docker</dockerDirectory> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
和上面的功能等价。
(2) 新建文件 ${basedir}/docker/Dockerfile
FROM hub.c.163.com/library/java:8-alpine VOLUME /tmp ADD springboot-ssm-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar app.jar ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar","/app.jar"]
springboot-ssm-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar 是项目打的jar包，也可以用变量读取。
（3） 执行如下命令
mvn clean package docker:build
(4)启动脚本：
E:\xiangmu\springboot-ssm2>docker run -p 8088:8088 -t springboot-ssm . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v2.3.1.RELEASE)
-p参数意思是把容器里的808端口转到宿主机的8088端口上， -t是返回一个终端 .
注意：常见方式是基于基础镜像启动之后进入容器制作一些脚本，然后导出为镜像，然后将此镜像作为基础镜像
3. 打包源码的插件
执行mvn source:jar 可以打包，有时候希望package或者其他操作也将源码打包
<!-- 要将源码放上去，需要加入这个插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>attach-sources</id>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
测试的时候执行mvn clean package 查看target目录即可
4. 自动执行JUnit测试插件
maven-surefire-plugin 可以称为测试运行器(Test Runner)，在mvn package、install 时会自动执行单元测试。在默认情况下，maven-surefire-plugin的test目标会自动执行测试源码路径（默认为src/test/java/）下所有符合一组命名模式的测试类。这组模式为：
(1)**/Test*.java：任何子目录下所有命名以Test开关的Java类。
(2)**/*Test.java：任何子目录下所有命名以Test结尾的Java类。
(3)**/*TestCase.java：任何子目录下所有命名以TestCase结尾的Java类。
<!-- 执行Junit测试(测试所有类) -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.10</version>
<configuration>
<includes>
<!--<include>*\*\*\*Test.java</include>-->
<include>**\*</include>
</includes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
然后执行mvn test。 或者执行package、install等操作都会执行Junit测试。如果JUnit测试不通过会报错，比如如下测试代码：
@Test public void test1() { System.out.println("******************************************"); System.out.println("=========================================="); System.out.println(1 / 0); }
执行 mvn clean package后日志如下：
$ mvn clean package [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building bx 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:3.1.0:clean (default-clean) @ bx --- [INFO] Deleting E:\xiangmu\bs-media\media-server\target [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:resources (default-resources) @ bx --- [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. [INFO] Copying 2 resources [INFO] Copying 4 resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:compile (default-compile) @ bx --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [INFO] Compiling 179 source files to E:\xiangmu\bs-media\media-server\target\classes [INFO] /E:/xiangmu/bs-media/media-server/src/main/java/com/xm/ggn/bean/AbstractEntity.java: 某些输入文件使用或覆盖了已过时的 API。 [INFO] /E:/xiangmu/bs-media/media-server/src/main/java/com/xm/ggn/bean/AbstractEntity.java: 有关详细信息, 请使用 -Xlint:deprecation 重新编译。 [INFO] /E:/xiangmu/bs-media/media-server/src/main/java/com/xm/ggn/utils/export/ExcelExporter.java: 某些输入文件使用了未经检查或不安全的操作。 [INFO] /E:/xiangmu/bs-media/media-server/src/main/java/com/xm/ggn/utils/export/ExcelExporter.java: 有关详细信息, 请使用 -Xlint:unchecked 重新编译。 [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:testResources (default-testResources) @ bx --- [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. [INFO] Copying 0 resource [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ bx --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [INFO] Compiling 3 source files to E:\xiangmu\bs-media\media-server\target\test-classes [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.10:test (default-test) @ bx --- [INFO] Surefire report directory: E:\xiangmu\bs-media\media-server\target\surefire-reports ------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running guava.TestGuava ****************************************** ========================================== Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.199 sec <<< FAILURE! Results : Tests in error: test1(guava.TestGuava): / by zero Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD FAILURE [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 33.759 s [INFO] Finished at: 2021-02-05T19:42:05+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 55M/472M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.10:test (default-test) on project bx: There are test failures. [ERROR] [ERROR] Please refer to E:\xiangmu\bs-media\media-server\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results. [ERROR] -> [Help 1] [ERROR] [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch. [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. [ERROR] [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles: [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException
如果想跳过JUnit测试，可以使用：-DskipTests 参数，比如：
mvn clean package -DskipTests
补充：也可以生成测试报告
mvn cobertura:cobertura
会生成报告到target/surefire-reports 目录下。
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