C++使用socket实现进程通信

网络编程：我们都应该知道服务端和客户端C/S模式，下面我们遵循一个网络编程的规律：

服务端：socket ——> bind ——> listen ——> accept

客户端：socket ——> connect

下面就是代码部分，遵循了上面的规律，大家不懂的函数可以百度查看含义

服务端代码：

// server.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。


#include <iostream>
#include <winsock.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
using namespace std;
void initialization();
int main() {
    //定义长度变量
    int send_len = 0;
    int recv_len = 0;
    int len = 0;
    //定义发送缓冲区和接受缓冲区
    char send_buf[100];
    char recv_buf[100];
    //定义服务端套接字，接受请求套接字
    SOCKET s_server;
    SOCKET s_accept;
    //服务端地址客户端地址
    SOCKADDR_IN server_addr;
    SOCKADDR_IN accept_addr;
    initialization();
    //填充服务端信息
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(5010);
    //创建套接字
    s_server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (bind(s_server, (SOCKADDR*)& server_addr, sizeof(SOCKADDR)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        cout << "套接字绑定失败！" << endl;
        WSACleanup();
    }
    else {
        cout << "套接字绑定成功！" << endl;
    }
    //设置套接字为监听状态
    if (listen(s_server, SOMAXCONN) < 0) {
        cout << "设置监听状态失败！" << endl;
        WSACleanup();
    }
    else {
        cout << "设置监听状态成功！" << endl;
    }
    cout << "服务端正在监听连接，请稍候...." << endl;
    //接受连接请求
    len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);
    s_accept = accept(s_server, (SOCKADDR*)& accept_addr, &len);
    if (s_accept == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        cout << "连接失败！" << endl;
        WSACleanup();
        return 0;
    }
    cout << "连接建立，准备接受数据" << endl;
    //接收数据
    while (1) {
        recv_len = recv(s_accept, recv_buf, 100, 0);
        if (recv_len < 0) {
            cout << "接受失败！" << endl;
            break;
        }
        else {
            cout << "客户端信息:" << recv_buf << endl;
        }
        cout << "请输入回复信息:";
        cin >> send_buf;
        send_len = send(s_accept, send_buf, 100, 0);
        if (send_len < 0) {
            cout << "发送失败！" << endl;
            break;
        }
    }
    //关闭套接字
    closesocket(s_server);
    closesocket(s_accept);
    //释放DLL资源
    WSACleanup();
    return 0;
}
void initialization() {
    //初始化套接字库
    WORD w_req = MAKEWORD(2, 2);//版本号
    WSADATA wsadata;
    int err;
    err = WSAStartup(w_req, &wsadata);
    if (err != 0) {
        cout << "初始化套接字库失败！" << endl;
    }
    else {
        cout << "初始化套接字库成功！" << endl;
    }
    //检测版本号
    if (LOBYTE(wsadata.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsadata.wHighVersion) != 2) {
        cout << "套接字库版本号不符！" << endl;
        WSACleanup();
    }
    else {
        cout << "套接字库版本正确！" << endl;
    }
    //填充服务端地址信息

}

客户端代码

// client.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。


#include<iostream>
#include<winsock.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
using namespace std;
void initialization();
int main() {
    //定义长度变量
    int send_len = 0;
    int recv_len = 0;
    //定义发送缓冲区和接受缓冲区
    char send_buf[100];
    char recv_buf[100];
    //定义服务端套接字，接受请求套接字
    SOCKET s_server;
    //服务端地址客户端地址
    SOCKADDR_IN server_addr;
    initialization();
    //填充服务端信息
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(5010);
    //创建套接字
    s_server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (connect(s_server, (SOCKADDR*)& server_addr, sizeof(SOCKADDR)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        cout << "服务器连接失败！" << endl;
        WSACleanup();
    }
    else {
        cout << "服务器连接成功！" << endl;
    }

    //发送,接收数据
    while (1) {
        cout << "请输入发送信息:";
        cin >> send_buf;
        send_len = send(s_server, send_buf, 100, 0);
        if (send_len < 0) {
            cout << "发送失败！" << endl;
            break;
        }
        recv_len = recv(s_server, recv_buf, 100, 0);
        if (recv_len < 0) {
            cout << "接受失败！" << endl;
            break;
        }
        else {
            cout << "服务端信息:" << recv_buf << endl;
        }

    }
    //关闭套接字
    closesocket(s_server);
    //释放DLL资源
    WSACleanup();
    return 0;
}
void initialization() {
    //初始化套接字库
    WORD w_req = MAKEWORD(2, 2);//版本号
    WSADATA wsadata;
    int err;
    err = WSAStartup(w_req, &wsadata);
    if (err != 0) {
        cout << "初始化套接字库失败！" << endl;
    }
    else {
        cout << "初始化套接字库成功！" << endl;
    }
    //检测版本号
    if (LOBYTE(wsadata.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsadata.wHighVersion) != 2) {
        cout << "套接字库版本号不符！" << endl;
        WSACleanup();
    }
    else {
        cout << "套接字库版本正确！" << endl;
    }
    //填充服务端地址信息

}