并发编程-concurrent指南-ReadWriteLock-ReentrantReadWriteLock(可重入读写锁)
几个线程都申请读锁,都能获取:
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock; /** * 几个线程都申请读锁,都能用 */ public class MainRead { private ReentrantReadWriteLock reentrantReadWriteLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock(); public static void main(String[] args) { final MainRead main = new MainRead(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { main.insert(Thread.currentThread()); } }).start(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { main.insert(Thread.currentThread()); } }).start(); } /** * 几个线程都申请读锁,都能用 * @param thread */ public void insert(Thread thread){ reentrantReadWriteLock.readLock().lock(); try{ for(int i=0;i<5;i++){ System.out.println(thread.getName()+":"+i+",进行读操作"); TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally { System.out.println(thread.getName()+"释放读锁"); reentrantReadWriteLock.readLock().unlock(); } } }
结果:
Thread-0:0,进行读操作 Thread-1:0,进行读操作 Thread-1:1,进行读操作 Thread-0:1,进行读操作 Thread-0:2,进行读操作 Thread-1:2,进行读操作 Thread-0:3,进行读操作 Thread-1:3,进行读操作 Thread-0:4,进行读操作 Thread-1:4,进行读操作 Thread-0释放读锁 Thread-1释放读锁
几个线程,一个线程抢占了读锁,别的线程想用写锁时,需要等待读锁完成才行
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock; /** * 几个线程,一个线程抢占了读锁,别的线程想用写锁时,需要等待读锁完成才行 */ public class MainWrite { private ReentrantReadWriteLock reentrantReadWriteLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock(); public static void main(String[] args) { final MainWrite main = new MainWrite(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { main.read(Thread.currentThread()); } }).start(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } main.write(Thread.currentThread()); } }).start(); } public void read(Thread thread){ reentrantReadWriteLock.readLock().lock(); try{ display(thread); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally { System.out.println(thread.getName()+"释放读锁"); reentrantReadWriteLock.readLock().unlock(); } } public void write(Thread thread){ reentrantReadWriteLock.writeLock().lock(); try{ display(thread); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally { System.out.println(thread.getName()+"释放写锁"); reentrantReadWriteLock.writeLock().unlock(); } } public void display(Thread thread) throws InterruptedException { for(int i=0;i<5;i++){ System.out.println(thread.getName()+":"+i+",进行操作"); TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } } }
结果:
Thread-0:0,进行操作 Thread-0:1,进行操作 Thread-0:2,进行操作 Thread-0:3,进行操作 Thread-0:4,进行操作 Thread-0释放读锁 Thread-1:0,进行操作 Thread-1:1,进行操作 Thread-1:2,进行操作 Thread-1:3,进行操作 Thread-1:4,进行操作 Thread-1释放写锁
源码地址:https://github.com/qjm201000/concurrent_reentrantReadWriteLock.git
这样就大大提升了读操作的效率。
不过要注意的是,如果有一个线程已经占用了读锁,则此时其他线程如果要申请写锁,则申请写锁的线程会一直等待释放读锁。
如果有一个线程已经占用了写锁,则此时其他线程如果申请写锁或者读锁,则申请的线程会一直等待释放写锁。