图片的异步下载

网络连接无论是同步还是异步，其图片的下载都是同步下载，比较卡顿，故此采用异步连接是非常有必要的

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一、图⽚下载是iOS开发中常⽤的功能，但系统并未提供图⽚下载类。

      为了便于后续使⽤，可以将图⽚下载封装到⼀个类⾥⾯ （ImageDownloader）。 ImageDownloader 允许外界指定URL，提供开始下载和取消下载功能，并提供delegate或block将图⽚传递给外界。

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二、代理方式的异步下载

下面直接上代码段，在.h 文件中声明协议，并设置代理

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@class ImageDownloader;
@protocol ImageDownloaderDelegate <NSObject>
@optional
- (void)imageDownloader:(ImageDownloader *)imageDownloader successDownloadImage:(UIImage *)image;
- (void)imageDownloader:(ImageDownloader *)imageDownloader didFailWirhError:(NSError *)error;

@end



@interface ImageDownloader : NSObject

// 需要外界提供网址
- (instancetype)initWithURLStr:(NSString *)urlstr delegate:(id<ImageDownloaderDelegate>)delegate;
// 遍历构造器，方便外界使用
+ (ImageDownloader *)imageDownloaderWithURLStr:(NSString *)urlStr delegate:(id<ImageDownloaderDelegate>)delegate;
@end

在 .m 文件中

#import "ImageDownloader.h"

@interface ImageDownloader ()<NSURLConnectionDataDelegate>{
    id<ImageDownloaderDelegate>_delegate;// 定义实例变量，目的是为了在其他方法中使用_delegate
}
@property(nonatomic, retain)NSMutableData *receivedData;

@end
@implementation ImageDownloader
- (void)dealloc
{
    [_receivedData release];
    [super dealloc];
}
- (NSMutableData *)receivedData{
    if (_receivedData == nil) {
        self.receivedData = [NSMutableData dataWithCapacity:0];
    }
    return _receivedData;
}

- (instancetype)initWithURLStr:(NSString *)urlstr delegate:(id<ImageDownloaderDelegate>)delegate{
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlstr];
     NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
        [[[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:request delegate:self] autorelease] ;
        _delegate = delegate;
        
    }
    return self;
    
}

+ (ImageDownloader *)imageDownloaderWithURLStr:(NSString *)urlStr delegate:(id<ImageDownloaderDelegate>)delegate{
    ImageDownloader *imageDownloader = [[[ImageDownloader alloc] initWithURLStr:urlStr delegate:delegate] autorelease];
    return imageDownloader;
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response{
    
}

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data{
    [self.receivedData appendData:data];
}
- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection{
    if (_delegate && [_delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(imageDownloader: successDownloadImage: )]) {
        UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:self.receivedData];
        [_delegate imageDownloader:self successDownloadImage:image];
    }
    
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error{
    
    if (_delegate && [_delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(imageDownloader:didFailWirhError:)]) {
        NSError *error = nil;
        [_delegate imageDownloader:self didFailWirhError:error];
    }
    
}
@end

这样一来我们就可以在外界使用这个类，来实现图片的异步下载功能。