序列化
一、序列化的目的：
使用文件存储时，只存储了对象数据，再读取后，就难以区分出原有的数据类型。
目的：将整个对象序列化为字节流写入文件，文件中保存了原有属性的数据类型，并能够在读取出的内容，反序列为对象。
二、序列化与反序列化主要语句
1、对象标识序列化，可序列化的内容有：class、enum、struct、delegate。
[Serializable]
public class Student
2、序列化操作
//操作对象序列化的类
BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
FileStream output=new FileStream(fileFullName,FileMode.OpenOrCreate)
//序列化
formatter.Serialize(output, lst);
//反序列化
List<Student> lstStudents = (List<Student>)formatter.Deserialize(fs);
三、示例代码
1 namespace 序列化 2 { 3 class Program 4 { 5 static void Main(string[] args) 6 { 7 List<Student> lst = new List<Student>(); 8 //操作对象序列化的类 9 BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); 10 //序列化后，存放的文件位置 11 string fileFullName="c:\\students.txt"; 12 13 14 #region 模拟数据 15 StudentClass c = new StudentClass(); 16 c.ClassID = 1; 17 c.ClassName = "大一"; 18 c.MainTeacher = "秋飘"; 19 20 Student s1 = new Student(); 21 s1.SID = 1; 22 s1.SName = "张三"; 23 s1.SAge = 23; 24 s1.StudenClass = c; 25 lst.Add(s1); 26 27 Student s2 = new Student(); 28 s2.SID = 2; 29 s2.SName = "李四"; 30 s2.SAge = 20; 31 s2.StudenClass = c; 32 lst.Add(s2); 33 #endregion 34 35 try 36 { 37 using(FileStream output=new FileStream(fileFullName,FileMode.OpenOrCreate)) 38 { 39 Console.WriteLine(string.Format("开始序列化对象到文件：{0}中",output.Name)); 40 formatter.Serialize(output, lst); 41 Console.WriteLine("序列化完毕!"); 42 Console.WriteLine("\n"); 43 } 44 45 using(StreamReader fs = new StreamReader(fileFullName)) 46 { 47 Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 50)); 48 string serializeResult = fs.ReadToEnd(); 49 Console.WriteLine(serializeResult); 50 Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 50)); 51 Console.WriteLine("\n"); 52 } 53 54 using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileFullName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) 55 { 56 Console.WriteLine("开始反序列化，读取文件内容。"); 57 List<Student> lstStudents = (List<Student>)formatter.Deserialize(fs); 58 if (lstStudents.Count != null) 59 { 60 Console.WriteLine(string.Format("反序列化后,Student的个数：{0},如下：",lstStudents.Count)); 61 foreach (Student s in lstStudents) 62 { 63 Console.WriteLine(string.Format("姓名：{0}，年龄：{1},年级：{2}", s.SName, s.SAge,s.StudenClass.ClassName)); 64 } 65 } 66 } 67 68 } 69 catch(SerializationException se) 70 { 71 Console.WriteLine("序列化异常：" + se.Message); 72 } 73 catch (Exception ex) 74 { 75 Console.WriteLine("其它异常："+ex.Message); 76 } 77 78 Console.ReadLine(); 79 } 80 } 81 82 /// <summary> 83 /// 设置学生类是可以序列化的 84 /// </summary> 85 [Serializable] 86 public class Student 87 { 88 89 private int m_SID; 90 /// <summary> 91 /// 学生ID 92 /// </summary> 93 public int SID 94 { 95 get { return m_SID; } 96 set { m_SID = value; } 97 } 98 private string m_SName; 99 /// <summary> 100 /// 学生姓名 101 /// </summary> 102 public string SName 103 { 104 get { return m_SName; } 105 set { m_SName = value; } 106 } 107 108 private int m_SAge; 109 /// <summary> 110 /// 年龄 111 /// </summary> 112 public int SAge 113 { 114 get { return m_SAge; } 115 set { m_SAge = value; } 116 } 117 118 119 private StudentClass m_StudentClass; 120 /// <summary> 121 /// 班级 122 /// </summary> 123 124 public StudentClass StudenClass 125 { 126 get { return m_StudentClass; } 127 set { m_StudentClass = value; } 128 } 129 130 131 } 132 133 [Serializable] 134 public class StudentClass 135 { 136 private int m_ClassID; 137 /// <summary> 138 /// 班级ID 139 /// </summary> 140 public int ClassID 141 { 142 get { return m_ClassID; } 143 set { m_ClassID = value; } 144 } 145 146 private string m_ClassName; 147 /// <summary> 148 /// 班级名称 149 /// </summary> 150 public string ClassName 151 { 152 get { return m_ClassName; } 153 set { m_ClassName = value; } 154 } 155 156 private string m_MainTeacher; 157 /// <summary> 158 /// 班主任 159 /// </summary> 160 public string MainTeacher 161 { 162 get { return m_MainTeacher; } 163 set { m_MainTeacher = value; } 164 } 165 166 } 167 }
四、序列化后的文件内容如下：
