Prometheus黑盒测试【blackbox-exporter】

官方下载地址
blackbox-exporter是Prometheus官方提供的一个黑盒测试的解决方案，可用于以下使用场景：

• TCP：端口存活检测
• HTTP/HTTPS：可用性检测
• ICMP：主机存活检测
• TCP：端口存活检测
• DNS：域名解析

1、安装blackbox-exporter

wget https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.22.0/blackbox_exporter-0.22.0.linux-arm64.tar.gz
tar zxf blackbox_exporter-0.22.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
cd /usr/local/src/
mv blackbox_exporter-0.22.0.linux-amd64 blackbox_exporter

2、添加system管理

cat >>  /lib/systemd/system/blackbox-exporter.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus Blackbox Exporter
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
Group=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/src/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter --config.file=/usr/local/src/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml --web.listen-address=:9115
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

3、启动验证

systemctl restart blackbox-exporter.service
netstat -anput |grep 9115

4、prometheus.yml中配置监听TCP端口

  - job_name: "Nginx端口"
    metrics_path: /probe        # 定义指标接口
    params:                     # 指定查询参数，在Prometheus向target发送Get请求获取指标数据时，会传递到url上
      module: [tcp_connect]
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["nginx.huayunworld.com:80","nginx.huayunworld.com:443"]
        labels:                 # 自定义标签，附加在target上
          blackbox: 'Nginx端口'

    relabel_configs:
    - source_labels: [__address__]  # 将标签__address__的值赋值给__param_target标签，以__param开头的标签也会作为查询参数传递Prometheus的Get请求，作用和上面的params配置类似
      target_label: __param_target
    - source_labels: [__param_target]
      target_label: instance  # 将标签__param_target的值赋值给instance标签
    - target_label: __address__
      replacement: 10.9.11.14:9115   # 此处修改地址为blackbox-exporter所部署服务器地址

5、prometheus.yml中配置检测服务接口

  - job_name: "全媒体"
    scrape_interval: 15s
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['https://IP/api']
      labels:
        blackbox: '短信接口'
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 10.9.11.14:9115  # The blackbox exporter's real hostname:port.

6、验证
prometheus中输入probe_success状态1为UP 0为DOWN 如下图：

7、最后分析几款Grafana模板
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