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ALinq 入门学习(一)--ALinq简介

2010-04-29 11:12  贺臣  阅读(11900)  评论(16编辑  收藏  举报

不写文章有几日了,这些天都浪迹于java程序中,潜心修炼java中的Spring框架,感触良多。不过我还是不打算写java相关的文章,因为java我还是菜鸟。前些天写过关于自己的一个ORM框架(点击阅读),希望看过的同仁们有些收获。做程序我喜欢开源,虽然上次老赵"鄙视"过我们,不是其他的原因,开源达到了资源共享的目的。.NET 中出的ORM框架也不少了,Hibernate的克隆版NHibernate,还有Linq to SQL ,Entity FrameWork ,ALinq。接下我要分享的就是要ALinq这个没有多少人知道的ORM框架。

 

一. ALinq 简介

ALinq 是一款与 Linq to SQL 相兼容的 ORM 映射框架。它对Linq to SQL进行了一系列的扩展。Linq to SQL我们都知道它很难兼容除了SQL Server 之外的其他数据库。而ALinq 就大大改善了这种弊端,它支持多种数据库,包括MSSQL2000,20005,Access,SQLite,MySQL,Oracle,与 Friebird 。 到目前我只使用过SQL Server,Mysql数据库作为映射,Mysql还是有些地方做的不是太好个人感觉。SQL Server自然就不用说了,其余的数据库没有试过。感觉ALinq 还是挺不错的。

 

二.ALinq 安装

ALinq 插件安装文件下载: 点击下载 /Files/qingyuan/ALinq.rar 

大家都熟知Linq 的使用,使用环境大家也就应该了解了,ALinq 和Linq一样,所需的环境基本相同。使用VS2008集成开发环境,当然VS2010也可以使用。

  1.安装ALinq插件

 

  2.程序中添加ALinq 设计器

 

3.ALinq 新建工程模型

 

4.ALinq 模型设计器

 

三. ALinq 于Linq to SQL 实体模型的比较

  ALinq Context 上下文实体对象

 

Linq to SQL Context上下问实体对象

 

从上面的代码可以看出,Context 修饰的特性类不同,所继承的父类也不同。ALinq 中使用了ALinq.Mapping.DataBaseAttribute 和ALinq.Mapping.ProviderAttribute 来修饰DataContext上下文。其中第一个特性和Linq to SQL有着类似的功能,但是第二个特性是Linq to SQL所没有的特性,也正是因为这个特性,上面使用了一个sql加载驱动模型,从这里我们可以看出它是使用的那种类型的数据库,这里我们看到的Sql2000Provider有些不准确,这也是SQL Server 映射出现的一个特殊的地方。至于为什么我现在也不明白,毕竟不是开源的,而且是收费的ALinq。 ALinq 在连接数据库的时候,必须指定数据库的连接对象SqlConnection ,而Linq to SQL 只需要指定数据库连接的字符串就可以了。当然我们可以通过扩展方法来实现这个功能,但是ALinq 本身是没有实现的。

 

ALinq 实体类 

ALinq 实体类代码样例
  1 [Table(Name="dbo.TabGameContent")]
  2     public partial class TabGameContent : INotifyPropertyChanging, INotifyPropertyChanged
  3     {
  4         
  5         private static PropertyChangingEventArgs emptyChangingEventArgs = new PropertyChangingEventArgs(String.Empty);
  6         
  7         private int _Id;
  8         
  9         private string _Title;
 10         
 11         private int _ParentID;
 12         
 13         private int _MenuID;
 14         
 15         private string _NewsContent;
 16         
 17         private System.DateTime _CreateTime;
 18         
 19         private int _NewsIndex;
 20         
 21         private string _Remark;
 22         
 23         private string _Ext1;
 24         
 25         private string _Ext2;
 26         
 27     #region Extensibility Method Definitions
 28     partial void OnLoaded();
 29     partial void OnValidate(ChangeAction action);
 30     partial void OnCreated();
 31     partial void OnIdChanging(int value);
 32     partial void OnIdChanged();
 33     partial void OnTitleChanging(string value);
 34     partial void OnTitleChanged();
 35     partial void OnParentIDChanging(int value);
 36     partial void OnParentIDChanged();
 37     partial void OnMenuIDChanging(int value);
 38     partial void OnMenuIDChanged();
 39     partial void OnNewsContentChanging(string value);
 40     partial void OnNewsContentChanged();
 41     partial void OnCreateTimeChanging(System.DateTime value);
 42     partial void OnCreateTimeChanged();
 43     partial void OnNewsIndexChanging(int value);
 44     partial void OnNewsIndexChanged();
 45     partial void OnRemarkChanging(string value);
 46     partial void OnRemarkChanged();
 47     partial void OnExt1Changing(string value);
 48     partial void OnExt1Changed();
 49     partial void OnExt2Changing(string value);
 50     partial void OnExt2Changed();
 51     #endregion
 52         
 53         public TabGameContent()
 54         {
 55             OnCreated();
 56         }
 57         
 58         [Column(Name="ID", Storage="_Id", AutoSync=AutoSync.OnInsert, DbType="Int NOT NULL IDENTITY", CanBeNull=false, IsPrimaryKey=true, IsDbGenerated=true, UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
 59         public int Id
 60         {
 61             get
 62             {
 63                 return this._Id;
 64             }
 65             set
 66             {
 67                 if ((this._Id != value))
 68                 {
 69                     this.OnIdChanging(value);
 70                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
 71                     this._Id = value;
 72                     this.SendPropertyChanged("Id");
 73                     this.OnIdChanged();
 74                 }
 75             }
 76         }
 77         
 78         [Column(Storage="_Title", DbType="NVarChar(200) NOT NULL", CanBeNull=false, UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
 79         public string Title
 80         {
 81             get
 82             {
 83                 return this._Title;
 84             }
 85             set
 86             {
 87                 if ((this._Title != value))
 88                 {
 89                     this.OnTitleChanging(value);
 90                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
 91                     this._Title = value;
 92                     this.SendPropertyChanged("Title");
 93                     this.OnTitleChanged();
 94                 }
 95             }
 96         }
 97         
 98         [Column(Storage="_ParentID", DbType="Int NOT NULL", CanBeNull=false, UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
 99         public int ParentID
100         {
101             get
102             {
103                 return this._ParentID;
104             }
105             set
106             {
107                 if ((this._ParentID != value))
108                 {
109                     this.OnParentIDChanging(value);
110                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
111                     this._ParentID = value;
112                     this.SendPropertyChanged("ParentID");
113                     this.OnParentIDChanged();
114                 }
115             }
116         }
117         
118         [Column(Storage="_MenuID", DbType="Int NOT NULL", CanBeNull=false, UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
119         public int MenuID
120         {
121             get
122             {
123                 return this._MenuID;
124             }
125             set
126             {
127                 if ((this._MenuID != value))
128                 {
129                     this.OnMenuIDChanging(value);
130                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
131                     this._MenuID = value;
132                     this.SendPropertyChanged("MenuID");
133                     this.OnMenuIDChanged();
134                 }
135             }
136         }
137         
138         [Column(Storage="_NewsContent", DbType="Text NOT NULL", CanBeNull=false, UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
139         public string NewsContent
140         {
141             get
142             {
143                 return this._NewsContent;
144             }
145             set
146             {
147                 if ((this._NewsContent != value))
148                 {
149                     this.OnNewsContentChanging(value);
150                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
151                     this._NewsContent = value;
152                     this.SendPropertyChanged("NewsContent");
153                     this.OnNewsContentChanged();
154                 }
155             }
156         }
157         
158         [Column(Storage="_CreateTime", DbType="DateTime NOT NULL", CanBeNull=false, UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
159         public System.DateTime CreateTime
160         {
161             get
162             {
163                 return this._CreateTime;
164             }
165             set
166             {
167                 if ((this._CreateTime != value))
168                 {
169                     this.OnCreateTimeChanging(value);
170                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
171                     this._CreateTime = value;
172                     this.SendPropertyChanged("CreateTime");
173                     this.OnCreateTimeChanged();
174                 }
175             }
176         }
177         
178         [Column(Storage="_NewsIndex", DbType="Int NOT NULL", CanBeNull=false, UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
179         public int NewsIndex
180         {
181             get
182             {
183                 return this._NewsIndex;
184             }
185             set
186             {
187                 if ((this._NewsIndex != value))
188                 {
189                     this.OnNewsIndexChanging(value);
190                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
191                     this._NewsIndex = value;
192                     this.SendPropertyChanged("NewsIndex");
193                     this.OnNewsIndexChanged();
194                 }
195             }
196         }
197         
198         [Column(Storage="_Remark", DbType="NVarChar(100)", UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
199         public string Remark
200         {
201             get
202             {
203                 return this._Remark;
204             }
205             set
206             {
207                 if ((this._Remark != value))
208                 {
209                     this.OnRemarkChanging(value);
210                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
211                     this._Remark = value;
212                     this.SendPropertyChanged("Remark");
213                     this.OnRemarkChanged();
214                 }
215             }
216         }
217         
218         [Column(Storage="_Ext1", DbType="NVarChar(100)", UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
219         public string Ext1
220         {
221             get
222             {
223                 return this._Ext1;
224             }
225             set
226             {
227                 if ((this._Ext1 != value))
228                 {
229                     this.OnExt1Changing(value);
230                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
231                     this._Ext1 = value;
232                     this.SendPropertyChanged("Ext1");
233                     this.OnExt1Changed();
234                 }
235             }
236         }
237         
238         [Column(Storage="_Ext2", DbType="NVarChar(100)", UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
239         public string Ext2
240         {
241             get
242             {
243                 return this._Ext2;
244             }
245             set
246             {
247                 if ((this._Ext2 != value))
248                 {
249                     this.OnExt2Changing(value);
250                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
251                     this._Ext2 = value;
252                     this.SendPropertyChanged("Ext2");
253                     this.OnExt2Changed();
254                 }
255             }
256         }
257         
258         public event PropertyChangingEventHandler PropertyChanging;
259         
260         public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
261         
262         protected virtual void SendPropertyChanging()
263         {
264             if ((this.PropertyChanging != null))
265             {
266                 this.PropertyChanging(this, emptyChangingEventArgs);
267             }
268         }
269         
270         protected virtual void SendPropertyChanged(String propertyName)
271         {
272             if ((this.PropertyChanged != null))
273             {
274                 this.PropertyChanged(thisnew PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
275             }
276         }
277     }

 

 

Linq to SQL 实体类

Linq to SQL 实体类代码样例
  1 [Serializable]
  2     [Table(Name="dbo.TabGameContent")]
  3     public partial class TabGameContent : INotifyPropertyChanging, INotifyPropertyChanged
  4     {
  5         
  6         private static PropertyChangingEventArgs emptyChangingEventArgs = new PropertyChangingEventArgs(String.Empty);
  7         
  8         private int _ID;
  9         
 10         private string _Title;
 11         
 12         private int _ParentID;
 13         
 14         private int _MenuID;
 15         
 16         private string _NewsContent;
 17         
 18         private System.DateTime _CreateTime;
 19         
 20         private int _NewsIndex;
 21         
 22         private string _Remark;
 23         
 24         private string _Ext1;
 25         
 26         private string _Ext2;
 27         
 28     #region Extensibility Method Definitions
 29     partial void OnLoaded();
 30     partial void OnValidate(System.Data.Linq.ChangeAction action);
 31     partial void OnCreated();
 32     partial void OnIDChanging(int value);
 33     partial void OnIDChanged();
 34     partial void OnTitleChanging(string value);
 35     partial void OnTitleChanged();
 36     partial void OnParentIDChanging(int value);
 37     partial void OnParentIDChanged();
 38     partial void OnMenuIDChanging(int value);
 39     partial void OnMenuIDChanged();
 40     partial void OnNewsContentChanging(string value);
 41     partial void OnNewsContentChanged();
 42     partial void OnCreateTimeChanging(System.DateTime value);
 43     partial void OnCreateTimeChanged();
 44     partial void OnNewsIndexChanging(int value);
 45     partial void OnNewsIndexChanged();
 46     partial void OnRemarkChanging(string value);
 47     partial void OnRemarkChanged();
 48     partial void OnExt1Changing(string value);
 49     partial void OnExt1Changed();
 50     partial void OnExt2Changing(string value);
 51     partial void OnExt2Changed();
 52     #endregion
 53         
 54         public TabGameContent()
 55         {
 56             OnCreated();
 57         }
 58         
 59         [Column(Storage="_ID", AutoSync=AutoSync.OnInsert, DbType="Int NOT NULL IDENTITY", IsPrimaryKey=true, IsDbGenerated=true)]
 60         public int ID
 61         {
 62             get
 63             {
 64                 return this._ID;
 65             }
 66             set
 67             {
 68                 if ((this._ID != value))
 69                 {
 70                     this.OnIDChanging(value);
 71                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
 72                     this._ID = value;
 73                     this.SendPropertyChanged("ID");
 74                     this.OnIDChanged();
 75                 }
 76             }
 77         }
 78         
 79         [Column(Storage="_Title", DbType="NVarChar(200) NOT NULL", CanBeNull=false)]
 80         public string Title
 81         {
 82             get
 83             {
 84                 return this._Title;
 85             }
 86             set
 87             {
 88                 if ((this._Title != value))
 89                 {
 90                     this.OnTitleChanging(value);
 91                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
 92                     this._Title = value;
 93                     this.SendPropertyChanged("Title");
 94                     this.OnTitleChanged();
 95                 }
 96             }
 97         }
 98         
 99         [Column(Storage="_ParentID", DbType="Int NOT NULL")]
100         public int ParentID
101         {
102             get
103             {
104                 return this._ParentID;
105             }
106             set
107             {
108                 if ((this._ParentID != value))
109                 {
110                     this.OnParentIDChanging(value);
111                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
112                     this._ParentID = value;
113                     this.SendPropertyChanged("ParentID");
114                     this.OnParentIDChanged();
115                 }
116             }
117         }
118         
119         [Column(Storage="_MenuID", DbType="Int NOT NULL")]
120         public int MenuID
121         {
122             get
123             {
124                 return this._MenuID;
125             }
126             set
127             {
128                 if ((this._MenuID != value))
129                 {
130                     this.OnMenuIDChanging(value);
131                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
132                     this._MenuID = value;
133                     this.SendPropertyChanged("MenuID");
134                     this.OnMenuIDChanged();
135                 }
136             }
137         }
138         
139         [Column(Storage="_NewsContent", DbType="Text NOT NULL", CanBeNull=false, UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)]
140         public string NewsContent
141         {
142             get
143             {
144                 return this._NewsContent;
145             }
146             set
147             {
148                 if ((this._NewsContent != value))
149                 {
150                     this.OnNewsContentChanging(value);
151                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
152                     this._NewsContent = value;
153                     this.SendPropertyChanged("NewsContent");
154                     this.OnNewsContentChanged();
155                 }
156             }
157         }
158         
159         [Column(Storage="_CreateTime", DbType="DateTime NOT NULL")]
160         public System.DateTime CreateTime
161         {
162             get
163             {
164                 return this._CreateTime;
165             }
166             set
167             {
168                 if ((this._CreateTime != value))
169                 {
170                     this.OnCreateTimeChanging(value);
171                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
172                     this._CreateTime = value;
173                     this.SendPropertyChanged("CreateTime");
174                     this.OnCreateTimeChanged();
175                 }
176             }
177         }
178         
179         [Column(Storage="_NewsIndex", DbType="Int NOT NULL")]
180         public int NewsIndex
181         {
182             get
183             {
184                 return this._NewsIndex;
185             }
186             set
187             {
188                 if ((this._NewsIndex != value))
189                 {
190                     this.OnNewsIndexChanging(value);
191                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
192                     this._NewsIndex = value;
193                     this.SendPropertyChanged("NewsIndex");
194                     this.OnNewsIndexChanged();
195                 }
196             }
197         }
198         
199         [Column(Storage="_Remark", DbType="NVarChar(100)")]
200         public string Remark
201         {
202             get
203             {
204                 return this._Remark;
205             }
206             set
207             {
208                 if ((this._Remark != value))
209                 {
210                     this.OnRemarkChanging(value);
211                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
212                     this._Remark = value;
213                     this.SendPropertyChanged("Remark");
214                     this.OnRemarkChanged();
215                 }
216             }
217         }
218         
219         [Column(Storage="_Ext1", DbType="NVarChar(100)")]
220         public string Ext1
221         {
222             get
223             {
224                 return this._Ext1;
225             }
226             set
227             {
228                 if ((this._Ext1 != value))
229                 {
230                     this.OnExt1Changing(value);
231                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
232                     this._Ext1 = value;
233                     this.SendPropertyChanged("Ext1");
234                     this.OnExt1Changed();
235                 }
236             }
237         }
238         
239         [Column(Storage="_Ext2", DbType="NVarChar(100)")]
240         public string Ext2
241         {
242             get
243             {
244                 return this._Ext2;
245             }
246             set
247             {
248                 if ((this._Ext2 != value))
249                 {
250                     this.OnExt2Changing(value);
251                     this.SendPropertyChanging();
252                     this._Ext2 = value;
253                     this.SendPropertyChanged("Ext2");
254                     this.OnExt2Changed();
255                 }
256             }
257         }
258         
259         public event PropertyChangingEventHandler PropertyChanging;
260         
261         public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
262         
263         protected virtual void SendPropertyChanging()
264         {
265             if ((this.PropertyChanging != null))
266             {
267                 this.PropertyChanging(this, emptyChangingEventArgs);
268             }
269         }
270         
271         protected virtual void SendPropertyChanged(String propertyName)
272         {
273             if ((this.PropertyChanged != null))
274             {
275                 this.PropertyChanged(thisnew PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
276             }
277         }
278     }

 

   其实两者相比较起来没有多少不同,只不过一个命名空间的不同而已。因为他们实现的功能都是完全一样的。属性的定义,以及事件驱动模式修改属性值等等基本都差不多。这里不做过多的讲解,相信使用过Linq 的都能够很好的接受ALinq。

 

 四.ALinq 查询数据库的简单例子

先看看ALinq查询数据的一个简单例子,让我们从整体上了解一下ALinq 的庐山真面目。

ALinq 查询数据库
 1 static void Main(string[] args)
 2         {
 3             string sqlConnection = @"server=PC-201002220938\SQLEXPRESS;database=eBrainWebDb;Integrated Security=true";
 4             var context = new DataContext(new SqlConnection(sqlConnection),typeof(ALinq.SqlClient.Sql2005Provider));
 5             var linq = from c in context.GetTable<TabGameContent>() where c.MenuID == 2 select c;
 6             foreach (var item in linq)
 7             {
 8                 Console.WriteLine(item.Id);
 9             }
10         }

 

  我相信大家都一定很惊讶,为什么一模一样。是的,ALinq 都是Linq to SQL 的一个克隆版,有句话是这么说的:"不仅仅是模仿,更是超越"。我们先不管这些,其实仔细的人已经看出了这里还是有一个不同的地方。我们比较一下Linq to sQL 查询的例子。

Linq to SQL 查询数据库例子
1 /// <summary>
2         /// 查询所有的内容
3         /// </summary>
4         /// <returns></returns>
5         public IList<TabGameContent> GetTabGameContentList()
6         {
7             eBrainWebDbDataContext context = new eBrainWebDbDataContext(Conn);
8             return context.TabGameContent.OrderByDescending(c => c.CreateTime).ToList<TabGameContent>();
9         }

 

 这个例子的Conn是连接数据库的字符串。他们两者的不同在于DataContext 传入的参数不同,在SQL Server 数据库中ALinq的DataContext 上下文参数必须是数据库连接对象,并且指定数据库加载驱动类型。Linq to SQL 就不同了,它可以直接指定数据库连接字符串。其实看到这里两者也就并无太大差别了。

 

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