VUE 基础知识总结

VUE 的介绍

VUE 的导包
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

</body>
</html>
VUE 采用模板语法来声明式地将数据渲染进DOM的系统
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
  {{ message }}
</div>
</body>

<!-- js 创建一个vue 对象,进行数据的帮定操作 -->
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    message: 'Hello Vue!'
  }
})
</script>
</html>
结果:

浏览器工具调试,F12 快捷键 展示调试工具

VUE 基本语法

v-bind 绑定元素属性
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
  <span>{{ message }}</span>

   <span v-bind:title="ads">鼠标悬停几秒钟查看此处动态绑定的提示信息!</span>

   <a v-bind:href="home" target="_blank">戳我有惊喜</a>
</div>
</body>

<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    message: 'Hello Vue!',
    ads:'页面加载于 ' + new Date().toLocaleString(),
    home:'http://www.itcast.cn/'
  }
})
</script>
</html>
v-if 判断语句
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
  <span>{{ message }}</span>

   <span :title="ads">鼠标悬停几秒钟查看此处动态绑定的提示信息!</span>

   <a :href="home" target="_blank" title="惊喜">戳我有惊喜</a>
  
   <p v-if="seen">现在你看到我了</p>
</div>
</body>

<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    message: 'Hello Vue!',
    ads:'页面加载于 ' + new Date().toLocaleString(),
    home:'http://www.itcast.cn/',
    seen:true,
  }
})
</script>
</html>
结果:

v-if 和 v-else
<a href="#" v-if="islogin">个人中心</a>
<a href="#" v-else>登录</a>
v-if, v-else-if 和 v-else
<img src="" alt="皇帝" v-if="level === 1">
<img src="" alt="皇亲" v-else-if="level === 2">
<img src="" alt="国戚" v-else-if="level === 3">
<img src="" alt="大臣" v-else>
v-show
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
   <p v-if="seen" id="if">现在你看到我了</p>
   <p v-show="seen" id="show">现在你看到我了</p>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    seen:false
  }
})
</script>
</html>
v-for 指令可以绑定数组的数据来渲染一个项目列表:
v-for指令需要使用item in items形式的特殊语法,items是源数据数组并且item是数组元素迭代的别名。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
  <ol>
    <li v-for="todo in todos">
      {{ todo.text }}
    </li>
  </ol>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
   todos: [
      { text: '学习 JavaScript' },
      { text: '学习 Vue' },
      { text: '整个牛X项目' }
    ]
  }
})
</script>
</html>
效果:

!

index:
<ol>
  <li v-for="(todo,index) in todos">
    {{ todo.text }}-{{index}}
  </li>
</ol>
效果:

对象:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
  <ul>
    <li v-for="value in object">
      {{ value }}
    </li>
  </ul>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    object: {
      title: 'How to do lists in Vue',
      author: 'Jane Doe',
      publishedAt: '2016-04-10'
    }
  }
})
</script>
</html>
结果:

对象列表
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
   <ul>
    <li v-for="item in items">
      {{ item.title }}~~~{{item.author}}~~~{{item.publishedAt}}
    </li>
  </ul>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    items: [
       {
        title: 'Vue',
        author: 'Jane Doe',
        publishedAt: '2016-04-10'
      },
      {
        title: 'python',
        author: 'Ricky',
        publishedAt: '2019-04-10'
      },
      {
        title: 'itcast',
        author: 'itcast',
        publishedAt: '2006-05-08'
      }
    ]
  }
})
</script>
</html>
结果:

VUE methods事件

v-on 指令监听DOM 事件,并在触发时运行一些 JavaScript 代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
  <button v-on:click="counter += 1">Add 1</button>
  <p>The button above has been clicked {{ counter }} times.</p>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    counter:0
  }
})
</script>
</html>
结果:

如果要执行JavaScript 代码 比较复杂,写在 v-on 里面时不现实了,可以在vue 定义 methods 存放对应的方法,v-on 可以接收一个调用的方法名称
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
  <button v-on:click="add">Add 1</button>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    counter:0
  },
  methods:{
    add:function(){
      counter+=1
      alert(this.counter)
    }
  }
})
</script>
</html>
事件处理方法传递参数
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
  <button v-on:click="addnum(counter)">Add {{counter}}</button>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    counter:1
  },
  methods:{
    addnum:function(num){
      this.counter = num+this.counter
      alert(this.counter)
    }
  }
})
</script>
</html>

VUE model表单输入帮定(双向绑定数据)

v-model 进行对应数据的帮定操作
可以用v-model指令在表单<input>、<textarea>及<select>元素上创建双向数据绑定。
它会根据控件类型自动选取正确的方法来更新元素。

@blur :失去焦点事件出发

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
    <table border="1">

      <!-- 单行文本框 -->
      <tr><td>用 户 名</td><td><input type="text" v-model="username" @blur="checkusername"> </td></tr>
      <tr><td>密码</td><td><input type="password" v-model="password1"> </td></tr>
      <tr><td>确认密码</td><td><input type="password" v-model="password2"></td></tr>
      
      <!-- 单选框 -->
      <tr><td>性别</td>
        <td>
          男<input type="radio" name="sex"  value="boy" v-model="sex">
          女 <input type="radio" name="sex" value="girl" v-model="sex"></td>
        </tr>

      <!-- 复选框 -->
      <tr><td>爱好</td>
        <td>
          足球 <input type="checkbox" name="like" value="足球" v-model="like">
          篮球 <input type="checkbox" name="like" value="篮球" v-model="like">
          兵乓球<input type="checkbox" name="like" value="兵乓球" v-model="like">
        </td>
      </tr>

      <!-- 下拉框 -->
      <tr><td>所在城市</td>
        <td>
          <select name="city" v-model="city">
            <option value="北京">北京</option>
            <option value="上海">上海</option>
            <option value="广州">广州</option>
            <option value="深圳">深圳</option>
          </select>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr><td>个人简介</td><td><textarea name="desc" v-model="desc"></textarea> </td></tr>
    </table>
    <button @click="register">注册</button>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
      username:'',
      password1:'',
      password2:'',
      sex:'',
      like:[],
      city:'',
      desc:''
  },
  methods:{
    register:function(){
        alert(this.username+this.password1+this.password2+this.sex+this.like+this.city+this.desc)
    },
    checkusername:function(){
      alert(this.username)
    }
  }
})
</script>
</html>
结果:

VUE 生命周期

各个生命周期函数的作用
* beforeCreate
    * vm对象实例化之前
* created
    * vm对象实例化之后
* beforeMount
    * vm将作用标签之前
* mounted(重要时机初始化数据使用)
    * vm将作用标签之后
* beforeUpdate
    * 数据或者属性更新之前
* updated
    * 数据或者属性更新之后

VUE axios发送 ajax 请求

前端 代码,导入axios,并发送 get/post 请求给后端进行处理
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title></title>
    <!-- 开发环境版本 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <!-- 导入axios -->
  <script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
  <span>{{ message }}</span>

  <span>[[ message ]]</span>

  <a @click="login" href="javascript:;">登录-GET</a>

  <a @click="login2" href="javascript:;">登录-GET2</a>

  <a @click="login3" href="javascript:;">登录-POST</a>

</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
    el: '#app',
    delimiters:["[[","]]"],
    data: {
        message: 'Hello Vue!',
    },
    methods:{
        login:function(){
            let url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/login/?username=admin&password=123';
            axios.get(url).then(response=>{
                if(response.data.code == '200'){
                  this.message=response.data.info.username;
                }else if (response.data.code == '400') {
                  this.message=response.data.msg;
                }
            }).catch(error=>{
              console.log(error)
            })
        },
        login2:function(){
            let url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/login/';
            axios.get(url,{
                params:{
                    "username":"admin",
                    "password":"123"
                }
            }).then(response=>{
                if(response.data.code == '200'){
                  this.message=response.data.info.username;
                }else if (response.data.code == '400') {
                  this.message=response.data.msg;
                }
            }).catch(error=>{
              console.log(error)
            })
        },
         login3:function(){
            let url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/login/';
            axios.post(url,{
                "username":"admin",
                "password":"123"
            }).then(response=>{
                if(response.data.code == '200'){
                  this.message=response.data.info.username;
                }else if (response.data.code == '400') {
                  this.message=response.data.msg;
                }
            }).catch(error=>{
              console.log(error)
            })
        }
    }
})
</script>
</html>
后端代码
#定义路由
from django.conf.urls import url
from users.views import ShowLoginView, LoginView

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^show/$',ShowLoginView.as_view()),
    url(r'^login/$',LoginView.as_view()),
]

#定义视图
class LoginView(View):
    def get(self, request):
        #获取参数
        username = request.GET.get('username')
        password = request.GET.get('password')
        #验证参数并返回相应
        if username == 'admin' and password == '123':
            return JsonResponse({'code': 200, 'msg':'ok','info': {'username': username, 'user_id': '666'}})
        else:
            return JsonResponse({'code': 400,'msg':'账号或密码错误'})


    def post(self, request):
        # 获取参数
        data = json.loads(request.body.decode())
        username = data.get('username')
        password = data.get('password')
        # 验证参数并返回相应
        if username == 'admin' and password == '123':
            return JsonResponse({'code': 200, 'msg':'ok','info': {'username': username, 'user_id': '666'}})
        else:
            return JsonResponse({'code': 400,'msg':'账号或密码错误'})

posted on 2022-08-25 10:00  cloud_wh  阅读(231)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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