第八章 通顺的句子 --《英语科技写作(文法与修辞原则)》by 方克涛

8.1 句子应该有多重不同的结构和长度

一个简单、重要的概念通常用短句子来表达。一个详细、复杂的说明则需要用较长的句子来解释。

8.2 避免散漫的句子

一般而言,一个句子只应表达一两个主要的观念,这样才能简单易懂。包含多个观念的句子,我们称之为散漫句。

8.3 避免连续的片段句子

it + v + 宾语,不断的重复类似的结构。

8.4 用对称的结构来表达对等的观念

wrong ex: the algorithm not only must avoid local maxima but also converge as quickly as possible.

right ex: the algorithm not only must avoid local maxima but also must converge as quickly as possible.

right ex: the algorithm must not only avoid local maxima but also converge as quickly as possible.

 

wrong ex: we will analyze the structure, computational complexity, and the performance of the algorithm.

right ex: we will analyze the structure, the computational complexity, and the performance of the algorithm.

right ex: we will analyze the structure, computational complexity, and performance of the algorithm.

分析:冠词只能放在第一个短语前面,否则所有的短语都得添加。

 

wrong ex: this interface is used for reading and writing to memory.

right ex: this interface is used for reading from and writing to memory.

分析: 不同的东西需要不同的介词

 

wrong ex: our aim is to identify the difficulties faced by customers who purchase these devices and develop more user-friendly products.

right ex: our aim is to identify the difficulties faced by customers who purchase these devices and to develop more user-friendly products.

分析:第一句中identity, purchase, develop三个动词放一起并列,这样会让人误解develop是修饰aim还是修饰who,因此在第二句中,我们为develop加了个to,这样其就与identify并列,句义就清晰了。

 

wrong ex: the experimental data confirm that the proposed method is accurate and fast algorithms based on this method can be implemented in practical applications.

right ex: the experimental data confirm that the proposed method is accurate and that fast algorithms based on this method can be implemented in practical applications.

分析:第一句初读的时候,感觉是在说提出的方法既精确又快,加个that之后,就将这层意思分开了。

 

8.5 用适当的对等结构与附属结构

bad ex: the dynamic Coulomb friction between two sliding surfaces always opposes the direction of motion and is given by the following expression.

good ex:the dynamic Coulomb friction between two sliding surfaces, which always opposes the direction of motion, could be expressed by the following equation.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

posted @ 2013-05-27 17:23  qingsun_ny  阅读(353)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报