springboot集成Spring Security安全框架（一）入门程序

首先引入依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>

二、创建数据库

一般权限控制有三层，即：用户<–>角色<–>权限，用户与角色是多对多，角色和权限也是多对多。这里我们先暂时不考虑权限，只考虑用户<–>角色。

创建用户表sys_user：

CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

创建权限表sys_role：

CREATE TABLE `sys_role` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

创建用户-角色表sys_user_role：

CREATE TABLE `sys_user_role` (
  `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `role_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`,`role_id`),
  KEY `fk_role_id` (`role_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_role_id` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `sys_role` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
  CONSTRAINT `fk_user_id` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `sys_user` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

初始化一下数据：

INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES ('1', 'ROLE_ADMIN');
INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES ('2', 'ROLE_USER');

INSERT INTO `sys_user` VALUES ('1', 'admin', '123');
INSERT INTO `sys_user` VALUES ('2', 'jitwxs', '123');

INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` VALUES ('1', '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` VALUES ('2', '2');

注意：

这里的权限格式为ROLE_XXX，是Spring Security规定的，不要乱起名字哦

三、准备页面

因为是示例程序，页面越简单越好，只用于登陆的login.html以及用于登陆成功后的home.html，将其放置在 resources/static 目录下：

(1)login.html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登陆</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登陆</h1>
<form method="post" action="/login">
    <div>
        用户名：<input type="text" name="username">
    </div>
    <div>
        密码：<input type="password" name="password">
    </div>
    <div>
        <button type="submit">立即登陆</button>
    </div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

注意：

用户的登陆认证是由Spring Security进行处理的，请求路径默认为/login，用户名字段默认为username，密码字段默认为password

(2)home.html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>登陆成功</h1>
    <a href="/admin">检测ROLE_ADMIN角色</a>
    <a href="/user">检测ROLE_USER角色</a>
    <button onclick="window.location.href='/logout'">退出登录</button>
</body>
</html>

四、配置application.properties

在配置文件中配置下数据库连接：

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springsecurity?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
#开启Mybatis下划线命名转驼峰命名
mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true

五、创建实体、Dao、Service和Controller

5.1 实体

(1)SysUser

public class SysUser implements Serializable{
    static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    private String password;

    // 省略getter/setter
}

(2)SysRole

public class SysRole implements Serializable {
    static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    // 省略getter/setter
}

(3)SysUserRole

public class SysUserRole implements Serializable {
    static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private Integer userId;

    private Integer roleId;
    
    // 省略getter/setter
}

5.2 Dao

(1)SysUserMapper

@Mapper
public interface SysUserMapper {
    @Select("SELECT * FROM sys_user WHERE id = #{id}")
    SysUser selectById(Integer id);

    @Select("SELECT * FROM sys_user WHERE name = #{name}")
    SysUser selectByName(String name);
}

(2)SysRoleMapper

@Mapper
public interface SysRoleMapper {
    @Select("SELECT * FROM sys_role WHERE id = #{id}")
    SysRole selectById(Integer id);
}

(3)SysUserRoleMapper

@Mapper
public interface SysUserRoleMapper {
    @Select("SELECT * FROM sys_user_role WHERE user_id = #{userId}")
    List<SysUserRole> listByUserId(Integer userId);
}

5.3 Service

(1)SysUserService

@Service
public class SysUserService {
    @Autowired
    private SysUserMapper userMapper;

    public SysUser selectById(Integer id) {
        return userMapper.selectById(id);
    }

    public SysUser selectByName(String name) {
        return userMapper.selectByName(name);
    }
}

(2)SysRoleService

@Service
public class SysRoleService {
    @Autowired
    private SysRoleMapper roleMapper;

    public SysRole selectById(Integer id){
        return roleMapper.selectById(id);
    }
}

(3)SysUserRoleService

@Service
public class SysUserRoleService {
    @Autowired
    private SysUserRoleMapper userRoleMapper;

    public List<SysUserRole> listByUserId(Integer userId) {
        return userRoleMapper.listByUserId(userId);
    }
}

5.4 Controller

@Controller
public class LoginController {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoginController.class);

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String showHome() {
        String name = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getName();
        logger.info("当前登陆用户：" + name);

        return "home.html";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String showLogin() {
        return "login.html";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/admin")
    @ResponseBody
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ROLE_ADMIN')")
    public String printAdmin() {
        return "如果你看见这句话，说明你有ROLE_ADMIN角色";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user")
    @ResponseBody
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ROLE_USER')")
    public String printUser() {
        return "如果你看见这句话，说明你有ROLE_USER角色";
    }
}

注意：

如代码所示，获取当前登录用户：SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication()

@PreAuthorize 用于判断用户是否有指定权限，没有就不能访问

六、配置SpringSecurity
6.1 UserDetailsService
首先我们需要自定义 UserDetailsService ，将用户信息和权限注入进来。

我们需要重写 loadUserByUsername 方法，参数是用户输入的用户名。返回值是UserDetails，这是一个接口，一般使用它的子类org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User，它有三个参数，分别是用户名、密码和权限集。

实际情况下，大多将 DAO 中的 User 类继承 org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User 返回。

@Service("userDetailsService")
public class CustomUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {
    @Autowired
    private SysUserService userService;

    @Autowired
    private SysRoleService roleService;

    @Autowired
    private SysUserRoleService userRoleService;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        Collection<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
        // 从数据库中取出用户信息
        SysUser user = userService.selectByName(username);

        // 判断用户是否存在
        if(user == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名不存在");
        }

        // 添加权限
        List<SysUserRole> userRoles = userRoleService.listByUserId(user.getId());
        for (SysUserRole userRole : userRoles) {
            SysRole role = roleService.selectById(userRole.getRoleId());
            authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(role.getName()));
        }

        // 返回UserDetails实现类
        return new User(user.getName(), user.getPassword(), authorities);
    }
}

6.2 WebSecurityConfig
该类是 Spring Security 的配置类，该类的三个注解分别是标识该类是配置类、开启 Security 服务、开启全局 Securtiy 注解。

首先将我们自定义的 userDetailsService 注入进来，在 configure() 方法中使用 auth.userDetailsService() 方法替换掉默认的 userDetailsService。

这里我们还指定了密码的加密方式（5.0 版本强制要求设置），因为我们数据库是明文存储的，所以明文返回即可，如下所示：

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    private CustomUserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(new PasswordEncoder() {
            @Override
            public String encode(CharSequence charSequence) {
                return charSequence.toString();
            }

            @Override
            public boolean matches(CharSequence charSequence, String s) {
                return s.equals(charSequence.toString());
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                // 如果有允许匿名的url，填在下面
//                .antMatchers().permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                // 设置登陆页
                .formLogin().loginPage("/login")
                // 设置登陆成功页
                .defaultSuccessUrl("/").permitAll()
                // 自定义登陆用户名和密码参数，默认为username和password
//                .usernameParameter("username")
//                .passwordParameter("password")
                .and()
                .logout().permitAll();

        // 关闭CSRF跨域
        http.csrf().disable();
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
        // 设置拦截忽略文件夹，可以对静态资源放行
        web.ignoring().antMatchers("/css/**", "/js/**");
    }
}

七、运行程序

ROLE_ADMIN 账户：用户名 admin，密码 123
ROLE_USER 账户：用户名 jitwxs，密码 123

注：如果你想要将密码加密，可以修改 configure() 方法如下：

@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
     auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService)
         .passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder());
 }

posted @ 2019-12-24 23:15 King-DA 阅读(1657) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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