docker容器管理
docke容器管理
docker run 创建+启动
docker run 镜像名，如果镜像不存在本地，则会在线去下载该镜像
注意：容器内的进行必须处于前台运行状态，否则容器就会直接退出，自己部署一个容器运行，命令不得后天运行，前台运行即可。
如果容器内，什么事也没有做，容器也会挂掉，容器内必须有一个进程在前台运行。
容器使用
运行一个挂掉的容器
docker run centos 该写法会产生多条独立的容器记录，且容器内没有程序在跑，因此容器直接挂掉
[root@localhost ~]# docker run 300e315adb2f [root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a # 执行一次容器就会生成一条记录 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3ecbfde26ff6 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 9 seconds ago Exited (0) 8 seconds ago jolly_montalcini c18a45341b9e nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) About a minute ago eloquent_robinson 3bfef5025609 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp keen_wing [root@localhost ~]#
运行容器且进入容器内执行某个命令
docker run -it centos bash
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos bash
[root@a31c419ecec4 /]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 8.3.2011
开启一个容器，让它运行某个程序，属于前台运行，会卡主一个终端
[root@localhost ~]# docker run centos ping baidu.com
[root@localhost ~]# docker run centos ping baidu.com PING baidu.com (220.181.38.148) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=1 ttl=46 time=50.8 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=2 ttl=46 time=50.7 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=3 ttl=46 time=53.6 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=4 ttl=46 time=53.8 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=5 ttl=46 time=53.6 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=6 ttl=46 time=54.3 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=7 ttl=46 time=53.8 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=8 ttl=46 time=55.3 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=9 ttl=46 time=53.8 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=10 ttl=46 time=53.6 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=11 ttl=46 time=55.2 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=12 ttl=46 time=57.8 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=13 ttl=46 time=56.4 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=14 ttl=46 time=54.10 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=15 ttl=46 time=57.1 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=16 ttl=46 time=52.4 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=17 ttl=46 time=63.10 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=18 ttl=46 time=53.7 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=19 ttl=46 time=51.0 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=20 ttl=46 time=51.3 ms ^C --- baidu.com ping statistics ---
运行一个活着的容器，通过docker ps能看到的容器
-d 参数 ，让容器在后台跑着（针对宿主机）
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d centos ping baidu.com 00be295bf1d1ced0b80cc1982db1469fc133a5ef75d6c53cd001b626d9ef8c3d
docker ps查看进程状态
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 00be295bf1d1 centos "ping baidu.com" 36 seconds ago Up 35 seconds
丰富docker运行的参数
-rm 容器挂掉后自动被删除
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --rm centos
--name 容器起个名字
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --rm --name tian centos ping baidu.com
查看容器日志
docker logs 容器id
-f 实时日志
查看id=3bfef5025609nginx日志命令：docker logs 3bf
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3bfef5025609 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp keen_wing [root@localhost ~]# docker logs 3bf /docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration /docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/ /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.sh /docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up 2021/09/05 10:26:03 [notice] 1#1: using the "epoll" event method
查看实时日志命令：
docker logs -f 3df
[root@localhost ~]# docker logs -f 3bf /docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration /docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/ /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.sh
查看最新的5条日志：
[root@localhost ~]# docker logs 3bf | tail -5
进入正在运行的容器空间内
进入id=3bfef5025609的nginx容器内
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3bfef5025609 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…"
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 3bf bash
root@3bfef5025609:/#
查看容器的详细信息，用于高级调试
docker container inspect 容器id
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3bfef5025609 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp keen_wing [root@localhost ~]# docker container inspect 3bf
容器的端口映射
后台运行nginx容器，起个名字。端口映射宿主机的80端口，访问到容器内的80端口
docker run -d --name tian_nginx -p 80:80 nginx
运行后查看
[root@localhost ~]# clear [root@localhost ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3bfef5025609 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp keen_wing
查看容器转发后的端口情况：
docker port id
[root@localhost ~]# docker port 3bf
80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:80
80/tcp -> :::80
随机端口映射
-P 随机访问一个宿主机的空闲端口，映射到容器内打开的端口
docker run -d --name tian_nginx_random -P nginx
容器提交
运行centos，在容器内安装vim，然后提交新的镜像。
新镜像，再运行默认就包含了vim。
运行容器：docker run -it centos bash
root@localhost ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE redis latest 02c7f2054405 2 days ago 105MB nginx latest 822b7ec2aaf2 2 days ago 133MB ubuntu latest fb52e22af1b0 5 days ago 72.8MB nginx <none> 08b152afcfae 6 weeks ago 133MB centos latest 300e315adb2f 9 months ago 209MB [root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos bash [root@ca36d58d90e8 /]# vim bash: vim: command not found [root@ca36d58d90e8 /]# yum install vim
提交容器
docker commit 容器id 新容器名
[root@localhost ~]# docker commit ca3 tian/centos-vim sha256:d9589ec2fbbbabfa4d4eb775435968a75f75900593d20eb84bc90b90f511c734 [root@localhost ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE tian/centos-vim latest d9589ec2fbbb 11 seconds ago 277MB redis latest 02c7f2054405 2 days ago 105MB nginx latest 822b7ec2aaf2 2 days ago 133MB ubuntu latest fb52e22af1b0 5 days ago 72.8MB nginx <none> 08b152afcfae 6 weeks ago 133MB centos latest 300e315adb2f 9 months ago 209MB [root@localhost ~]#
