python模块详解 logging
打印日志的五个级别:
import logging
logging.debug('test debug') logging.info('test info') logging.warning('test warning')# WARNING:root:test warning logging.error('test error') # ERROR:root:test error logging.critical('test critical')# CRITICAL:root:test critical
把日志信息写入到文件:
import logging logging.basicConfig(filename='app.log',level=logging.DEBUG) logging.debug('test debug') logging.info('test info') logging.warning('test warning') logging.error('test error') logging.critical('test critical')
app.log
DEBUG:root:test debug INFO:root:test info WARNING:root:test warning ERROR:root:test error CRITICAL:root:test critical
添加日志添加时间:
import logging logging.basicConfig(filename='app.log',level=logging.DEBUG,format='%(asctime)s %(message)s',datefmt='%Y/%m/%d %I:%M:%S %p')
#设置写入的文件、默认级别 (小于这个级别的不写入)、输出格式和时间 logging.debug('test debug') # 2017/08/05 05:02:31 PM test debug logging.info('test info') # 2017/08/05 05:02:31 PM test info logging.warning('test warning') # 2017/08/05 05:02:31 PM test warning logging.error('test error') # 2017/08/05 05:02:31 PM test error logging.critical('test critical') # 2017/08/05 05:02:31 PM test critical
logging.basicConfig函数各参数:
filename: 指定日志文件名
filemode: 和file函数意义相同,指定日志文件的打开模式,'w'或'a'
format: 指定输出的格式和内容,format可以输出很多有用信息,如上例所示:
%(levelno)s: 打印日志级别的数值
%(levelname)s: 打印日志级别名称
%(pathname)s: 打印当前执行程序的路径,其实就是sys.argv[0]
%(filename)s: 打印当前执行程序名
%(funcName)s: 打印日志的当前函数
%(lineno)d: 打印日志的当前行号
%(asctime)s: 打印日志的时间
%(thread)d: 打印线程ID
%(threadName)s: 打印线程名称
%(process)d: 打印进程ID
%(message)s: 打印日志信息
datefmt: 指定时间格式,同time.strftime()
level: 设置日志级别,默认为logging.WARNING
stream: 指定将日志的输出流,可以指定输出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件,默认输出到sys.stderr,当stream和filename同时指定时,stream被忽略
将日志同时输出到文件和屏幕
import logging logger = logging.getLogger('TEST-LOG') logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) ch = logging.StreamHandler() #设置屏幕的handler ch.setLevel(logging.WARNING) fh = logging.FileHandler('access.log',encoding="utf-8") #设置输出文件的handler fh.setLevel(logging.ERROR) #设置两种输出格式 fh_formatter =logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(process)d %(filename)s %(levelname)s %(message)s') ch_formatter =logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s') # Handler和Formatter关联 fh.setFormatter(fh_formatter) ch.setFormatter(ch_formatter) #添加到logger logger.addHandler(fh) logger.addHandler(ch) logger.warning('warning')#2017-08-07 15:15:25,693 - TEST-LOG - WARNING - warning logger.error('error')#2017-08-07 15:15:25,693 - TEST-LOG - ERROR - error
access.log
2017-08-07 15:15:25,693 5380 01.py ERROR error
自动截断
import logging from logging import handlers logger = logging.getLogger("TEST") log_file = 'timelog.log' fh = handlers.RotatingFileHandler(filename=log_file,maxBytes=10,backupCount=3,encoding="utf-8") #fh = handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(filename=log_file,when="S",interval=5,backupCount=3) formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(module)s:%(lineno)d %(message)s') fh.setFormatter(formatter) logger.addHandler(fh) logger.warning('test11') logger.warning('test12') logger.warning('test13') logger.warning('test14')
timelog.log
2017-08-07 15:41:48,742 02:19 test14
timelog.log1
2017-08-07 15:41:48,735 02:18 test13
timelog.log2
2017-08-07 15:41:48,715 02:17 test12
timelog.log3
2017-08-07 15:41:48,712 02:16 test11
其它详细操作:python 的日志logging模块学习