keepalived高可用配置注意事项

1）

同一套keepalived集群中virtual_router_id 要保持一致

/var/log/messages日志keepalived启动正常日志：

Nov 18 22:42:07 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Nov 18 22:42:07 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) removing protocol VIPs.
Nov 18 22:42:07 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Nov 18 22:42:07 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(6), proto(112), unicast(0), fd(10,11)]
Nov 18 22:42:08 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Transition to MASTER STATE
Nov 18 22:42:09 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Entering MASTER STATE
Nov 18 22:42:09 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) setting protocol VIPs.
Nov 18 22:42:09 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Sending gratuitous ARP on bond0 for 192.168.123.147
Nov 18 22:42:09 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on bond0 for 192.168.10.147
Nov 18 22:42:09 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Sending gratuitous ARP on bond0 for 192.168.123.147
Nov 18 22:42:09 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Sending gratuitous ARP on bond0 for 192.168.123.147
Nov 18 22:42:09 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Sending gratuitous ARP on bond0 for 192.168.123.147
Nov 18 22:42:09 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Sending gratuitous ARP on bond0 for 192.168.123.147
Nov 18 22:42:14 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Sending gratuitous ARP on bond0 for 192.168.123.147
Nov 18 22:42:14 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on bond0 for 192.168.10.147
Nov 18 22:42:14 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Sending gratuitous ARP on bond0 for 192.168.123.147
Nov 18 22:42:14 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Sending gratuitous ARP on bond0 for 192.168.123.147
Nov 18 22:42:14 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Sending gratuitous ARP on bond0 for 192.168.123.147
Nov 18 22:42:14 db01 Keepalived_vrrp[26691]: Sending gratuitous ARP on bond0 for 192.168.123.147
(END)

 

2）

在同一网段内非同一套keepalived集群中virtual_router_id 值不能相同

案例：

配置文件内容：

cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id Server_01
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface bond0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.10.3/24
    }
}

/var/log/messages日志keepalived启动报错

Mar 14 01:29:21 test Keepalived_vrrp[819]: VRRP_Instance(mysql-ha) ignoring received advertisment...
Mar 14 01:29:22 test Keepalived_vrrp[819]: ip address associated with VRID not present in received packet : 192.168.32.53
Mar 14 01:29:22 test Keepalived_vrrp[819]: one or more VIP associated with VRID mismatch actual MASTER advert
Mar 14 01:29:22 test Keepalived_vrrp[819]: bogus VRRP packet received on bond0 !!!
Mar 14 01:29:22 test Keepalived_vrrp[819]: VRRP_Instance(mysql-ha) ignoring received advertisment...
Mar 14 01:29:23 test Keepalived_vrrp[819]: ip address associated with VRID not present in received packet : 192.168.32.53
Mar 14 01:29:23 test Keepalived_vrrp[819]: one or more VIP associated with VRID mismatch actual MASTER advert
Mar 14 01:29:23 test Keepalived_vrrp[819]: bogus VRRP packet received on bond0 !!!

解决方法:
修改virtual_router_id的值，从51改为88,因为之前在同一网段还有别的机器安装过keepalived,并设置了virtual_router_id=51,改成不同的值后重启keepalived后问题得到解决.

3）

在同一个网段内的，若为不同的应用做高可用，不同应用使用不同的VIP，那么vrrp_instance的名字（这里是VI_1）、virtual_router_id在不同的高可用实例必须设置不同的值区分开

案例：

配置文件内容：

cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id Server_01
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface bond0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.100.3/24   ##做为数据库的高可用
   
        192.168.100.4/24   ##做为tomcat的高可用

    }
}

 

/var/log/messages日志keepalived启动报错：

Aug 11 11:28:36 localhostKeepalived_vrrp[16958]: (VI_1): received an invalid ip number count 1, expected2!

Aug 11 11:28:36 localhostKeepalived_vrrp[16958]: bogus VRRP packet received on eth1 !!!

Aug 11 11:28:36 localhostKeepalived_vrrp[16958]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Dropping received VRRP packet…

解决办法：针对不通应用的高可用，配置不同的vrrp_instance和virtual_router_id

详情配置如下：

cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id Server_01
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface bond0
    virtual_router_id 88
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.100.3/24   ##做为数据库的高可用
   
    }
}

vrrp_instance VI_2 {
    state MASTER
    interface bond0
    virtual_router_id 99
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
     
        192.168.100.4/24   ##做为tomcat的高可用
    }
}