视图组件

在URL控制器中

from django.conf.urls import url
from app02 import views

app_name = "app02"
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^book/$', views.BookView.as_view(), name="book"),
    url(r'^book/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.BookDetailView.as_view(), name="book_detail"),
    url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view(), name="publish"),
    url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.PublishDetailView.as_view(), name="publish_detail"),
    url(r'^author/$', views.AuthorView.as_view(), name="author"),
    url(r'^author/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.AuthorDetailView.as_view(), name="author_detail"),
]

django.core.views.View

方式一：Django的序列化组件

在views.py中

from django.views import View
from django.core.serializers import serialize
class BookView(View):
    def get(self, request):
        queryset = Book.objects.all()
        queryset = serialize("json", queryset)
        return HttpResponse(queryset)

rest_framework.views.APIView

方式二：restframework序列化

在views.py中

class BookView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        book_qs = Book.objects.all()
        bs = dataApi.BookSerializers(book_qs, many=True)
        return Response(bs.data)

    def post(self, request):
        book_qs = dataApi.BookSerializers(data=request.data, many=True)
       if book_qs.is_valid():
            book_qs.save()
            return HttpResponse(book_qs.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(book_qs.errors)

class BookDetailView(APIView):
   def get(self, request, pk):
        book_qs = Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        ps = dataApi.BookSerializers(book_qs, many=False)
        return Response(ps.data)

    def put(self, request, pk):
        book_qs = Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        bs = dataApi.BookSerializers(data=request.data, instance=book_qs)
        if bs.is_valid():
            bs.save()
            return HttpResponse(bs.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(bs.errors)

    def delete(self, requset, pk):
        Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()
        return HttpResponse("%s 已删除" % requset.data)


class PublishView(APIView):
    def get(self, requset):
        publish_qs = Publish.objects.all()
        ps = dataApi.PublishSerializers(publish_qs, many=True)
        return Response(ps.data)

    def post(self, request):
        publish_qs = dataApi.PublishSerializers(data=request.data, many=True)
        if publish_qs.is_valid():
            publish_qs.save()
            return HttpResponse(publish_qs.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(publish_qs.errors)


class PublishDetailView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        publish_qs = Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        ps = dataApi.PublishSerializers(publish_qs, many=False)
        return Response(ps.data)

    def put(self, request, pk):
        p_obj = Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        ps = dataApi.PublishSerializers(data=request.data, instance=p_obj)
        if ps.is_valid():
            ps.save()
            return HttpResponse(ps.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(ps.errors)

    def delete(self, request, pk):
        Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()
        return HttpResponse("删除成功")


class AuthorView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        book_qs = Author.objects.all()
        As = dataApi.AuthorSerializers(book_qs, many=True)
        return Response(As.data)

    def post(self, request):
        As = dataApi.AuthorSerializers(request.data, many=True)
        if As.is_valid():
            As.save()
            return HttpResponse(As.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(As.errors)


class AuthorDetailView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        As_qs = Author.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        As = dataApi.AuthorSerializers(As_qs, many=False)
        return Response(As.data)

    def put(self, request, pk):
        As_qs = Author.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        As = dataApi.AuthorSerializers(data=request.data, instance=As_qs)
        if As.is_valid():
            As.save()
            return HttpResponse(As.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(As.errors)

    def delete(self, request, pk):
        Author.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()
        return HttpResponse(request.data)

方式三：用继承简化代码

在views.py中

class BaseView(object):
    def __init__(self, qss, serialize_class):
        self.qss = qss
        self.serialize_class = serialize_class

    def get(self, request):
        qs = self.serialize_class(self.qss, many=True)
        return Response(qs.data)

    def post(self, request):
        qs = self.serialize_class(data=request.data, many=True)
        if qs.is_valid():
            qs.save()
            return HttpResponse(qs.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(qs.errors)


class BaseDetailView(object):
    def __init__(self, qss, serialize_class):
        self.qss = qss
        self.serialize_class = serialize_class

    def get(self, request, pk):
        obj = self.qss.filter(pk=pk).first()
        qs = self.serialize_class(obj, many=False)
        return Response(qs.data)

    def put(self, request, pk):
        obj = self.qss.filter(pk=pk).first()
        qs = self.serialize_class(data=request.data, instance=obj)
        if qs.is_valid():
            qs.save()
            return HttpResponse(qs.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(qs.errors)

    def delete(self, request, pk):
        self.qss.filter(pk=pk).delete()
        return HttpResponse(request.data)


class BookView(APIView, BaseView):
    qss = Book.objects.all()
    serialize_class = dataApi.BookSerializers

class BookDetailView(APIView, BaseDetailView):
    qss = Book.objects.all()
    serialize_class = dataApi.BookSerializers

class PublishView(APIView, BaseView):
    qss = Publish.objects.all()
    serialize_class = dataApi.PublishSerializers

class PublishDetailView(APIView, BaseDetailView):
    qss = Publish.objects.all()
    serialize_class = dataApi.PublishSerializers

class AuthorView(APIView, BaseView):
    qss = Author.objects.all()
    serialize_class = dataApi.AuthorSerializers


class AuthorDetailView(APIView, BaseDetailView):
    qss = Author.objects.all()
    serialize_class = dataApi.AuthorSerializers

rest_framework序列化接口

方式一：mixin类编写视图

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.mixins import CreateModelMixin, ListModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, \
    DestroyModelMixin


class BookView(CreateModelMixin, ListModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.BookSerializers

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)


class BookDetailView(RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.BookSerializers

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)


class PublishView(CreateModelMixin, ListModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.PublishSerializers

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)


class PublishDetailView(RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.PublishSerializers

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)


class AuthorView(CreateModelMixin, ListModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
    queryset = Author.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.AuthorSerializers

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)


class AuthorDetailView(RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
    queryset = Author.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.AuthorSerializers

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.retrieve(request,*args,**kwargs)

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)

方式二：使用通用的基于类的视图

from rest_framework.generics import ListCreateAPIView,RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView


class BookView(ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.BookSerializers


class BookDetailView(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.BookSerializers


class PublishView(ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.PublishSerializers


class PublishDetailView(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.PublishSerializers


class AuthorView(ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = Author.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.AuthorSerializers


class AuthorDetailView(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = Author.objects.all()
    serializer_class = dataApi.AuthorSerializers

方式三：viewsets.ModelViewSet

在urls.py中

from django.conf.urls import url
from app02 import views

app_name = "app02"
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^book/$', views.BookView.as_view({"get": "list", "post": "create"}), name="book"),
    url(r'^book/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.BookView.as_view({
        'get': 'retrieve',
        'put': 'update',
        'patch': 'partial_update',
        'delete': 'destroy'
    }),name="book_detail"),
url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view({
"get": "list", "post": "create"
}), name="publish"),
    url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.PublishView.as_view({
        'get': 'retrieve',
        'put': 'update',
        'patch': 'partial_update',  
        'delete': 'destroy'
    }),name="publish_detail"),
url(r'^author/$', views.AuthorView.as_view({
"get": "list", "post": "create"
}), name="author"),
    url(r'^author/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.AuthorView.as_view({
        'get': 'retrieve',
        'put': 'update',
        'patch': 'partial_update',
        'delete': 'destroy'
    	}),name="author_detail")]

在views.py文件中

 from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
 
 
 class BookView(ModelViewSet):
     queryset = Book.objects.all()
     serializer_class = dataApi.BookSerializers
 
 
 class PublishView(ModelViewSet):
     queryset = Publish.objects.all()
     serializer_class = dataApi.PublishSerializers
 
 
 class AuthorView(ModelViewSet):
     queryset = Author.objects.all()
     serializer_class = dataApi.AuthorSerial