Windows和Linux中的库、对象、可执行文件后缀名

中国软件工程师面试常问的问题
Just a "Scientific"(Interview) Explanation for Interview Problems for Software Engineers (most Chinese Interviews)

Windows和Linux中的库、对象、可执行文件后缀名

library, object, executable files suffix name in Windows and Linux

Linux通常依靠文件权限和shebang行（例如“#！/bin/bash”）来识别可执行文件，而Windows主要使用文件扩展名。
Linux often relies on file permissions and shebang lines (e.g., #!/bin/bash) to identify executable files, whereas Windows primarily uses file extensions.

库
Libraries:

1. Windows:

   • 动态链接库 (DLLs): .dll
   • 静态库: .lib
   • Dynamic Link Libraries (DLLs): .dll
   • Static Libraries: .lib

2. Linux:

   • 动态共享库（共享对象）：.so
   • 静态库：.a
   • Dynamic Shared Libraries (Shared Objects): .so
   • Static Libraries: .a

对象文件:
Object Files:

1. Windows:

   • 对象文件：.obj
   • 库对象文件：.lib，.obj
   • Object Files: .obj
   • Library Object Files: .lib, .obj

2. Linux:

   • 对象文件：.obj
   • Object Files: .o

可执行文件:
Executable Files:

1. Windows:

   • 可执行文件：.exe
   • 命令脚本：.bat，.cmd
   • Executable Files: .exe
   • Command Scripts: .bat, .cmd

2. Linux:

   • 可执行文件：（不需要特定的扩展名，但通常不需要扩展名或.out）
   • Shell脚本：.sh
   • Executable Files: (No specific extension required, but commonly no extension or .out)
   • Shell Scripts: .sh

对象文件是在计算机程序编译过程中生成的中间文件。它包含机器代码、汇编代码，或者有时两者的组合，以及链接和程序执行所需的其他信息。对象文件是程序员编写的高级源代码和最终可执行程序之间的桥梁。
An object file is an intermediate file generated during the compilation of a computer program. It contains machine code, assembly code, or sometimes a combination of both, along with other information needed for linking and program execution. Object files serve as a bridge between the high-level source code written by programmers and the final executable program.