实验4 类的组合继承模板类标准库

 

实验任务二

gradecalc.hpp

  1 #include <iostream>
  2 #include <vector>
  3 #include <string>
  4 #include <algorithm>
  5 #include <numeric>
  6 #include <iomanip>
  7 
  8 using std::vector;
  9 using std::string;
 10 using std::cin;
 11 using std::cout;
 12 using std::endl;
 13 
 14 class GradeCalc: public vector<int> {
 15 public:
 16     GradeCalc(const string &cname, int size);      
 17     void input();                             // 录入成绩
 18     void output() const;                      // 输出成绩
 19     void sort(bool ascending = false);        // 排序 (默认降序)
 20     int min() const;                          // 返回最低分
 21     int max() const;                          // 返回最高分
 22     float average() const;                    // 返回平均分
 23     void info();                              // 输出课程成绩信息 
 24 
 25 private:
 26     void compute();     // 成绩统计
 27 
 28 private:
 29     string course_name;     // 课程名
 30     int n;                  // 课程人数
 31     vector<int> counts = vector<int>(5, 0);      // 保存各分数段人数（[0, 60), [60, 70), [70, 80), [80, 90), [90, 100]
 32     vector<double> rates = vector<double>(5, 0); // 保存各分数段比例 
 33 };
 34 
 35 GradeCalc::GradeCalc(const string &cname, int size): course_name{cname}, n{size} {}   
 36 
 37 void GradeCalc::input() {
 38     int grade;
 39 
 40     for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
 41         cin >> grade;
 42         this->push_back(grade);
 43     } 
 44 }  
 45 
 46 void GradeCalc::output() const {
 47     for(auto ptr = this->begin(); ptr != this->end(); ++ptr)
 48         cout << *ptr << " ";
 49     cout << endl;
 50 } 
 51 
 52 void GradeCalc::sort(bool ascending) {
 53     if(ascending)
 54         std::sort(this->begin(), this->end());
 55     else
 56         std::sort(this->begin(), this->end(), std::greater<int>());
 57 }  
 58 
 59 int GradeCalc::min() const {
 60     return *std::min_element(this->begin(), this->end());
 61 }  
 62 
 63 int GradeCalc::max() const {
 64     return *std::max_element(this->begin(), this->end());
 65 }    
 66 
 67 float GradeCalc::average() const {
 68     return std::accumulate(this->begin(), this->end(), 0) * 1.0 / n;
 69 }   
 70 
 71 void GradeCalc::compute() {
 72     for(int grade: *this) {
 73         if(grade < 60)
 74             counts.at(0)++;
 75         else if(grade >= 60 && grade < 70)
 76             counts.at(1)++;
 77         else if(grade >= 70 && grade < 80)
 78             counts.at(2)++;
 79         else if(grade >= 80 && grade < 90)
 80             counts.at(3)++;
 81         else if(grade >= 90)
 82             counts.at(4)++;
 83     }
 84 
 85     for(int i = 0; i < rates.size(); ++i)
 86         rates.at(i) = counts.at(i) * 1.0 / n;
 87 }
 88 
 89 void GradeCalc::info()  {
 90     cout << "课程名称:\t" << course_name << endl;
 91     cout << "排序后成绩: \t";
 92     sort();  output();
 93     cout << "最高分:\t" << max() << endl;
 94     cout << "最低分:\t" << min() << endl;
 95     cout << "平均分:\t" << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << average() << endl;
 96     
 97     compute();  // 统计各分数段人数、比例
 98 
 99     vector<string> tmp{"[0, 60)  ", "[60, 70)", "[70, 80)","[80, 90)", "[90, 100]"};
100     for(int i = tmp.size()-1; i >= 0; --i)
101         cout << tmp[i] << "\t: " << counts[i] << "人\t" 
102              << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << rates[i]*100 << "%" << endl; 
103 }
View Code

task2.cpp

 1 #include "GradeCalc.hpp"
 2 #include <iomanip>
 3 
 4 void test() {
 5     int n;
 6     cout << "输入班级人数: ";
 7     cin >> n;
 8 
 9     GradeCalc c1("OOP", n);
10 
11     cout << "录入成绩: " << endl;;
12     c1.input();
13     cout << "输出成绩: " << endl;
14     c1.output();
15 
16     cout << string(20, '*') + "课程成绩信息"  + string(20, '*') << endl;
17     c1.info();
18 }
19 
20 int main() {
21     test();
22 }
View Code

 

问题一：储存在他继承的基类vector中，通过public接口访问成绩,

问题二：计算this指向的所有元素的平均值。会，1.0可以将分子由整形转化为浮点型

问题三：缺少判断数据是否合法的过程

实验任务三：

gradecalc.hpp

View Code

task3.cpp

 1 #include "GradeCalc.hpp"
 2 #include <iomanip>
 3 
 4 void test() {
 5     int n;
 6     cout << "输入班级人数: ";
 7     cin >> n;
 8 
 9     GradeCalc c1("OOP", n);
10 
11     cout << "录入成绩: " << endl;;
12     c1.input();
13     cout << "输出成绩: " << endl;
14     c1.output();
15 
16     cout << string(20, '*') + "课程成绩信息"  + string(20, '*') << endl;
17     c1.info();
18 }
19 
20 int main() {
21     test();
22 }
View Code

 

问题一：储存在类中的私有成员grade中，直接访问类中的私有成员grades

问题二：可以将基类直接作为类中的数据元素

 实验任务四：

task4_1.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <string>
 3 #include <limits>
 4 
 5 using namespace std;
 6 
 7 void test1() {
 8     string s1, s2;
 9     cin >> s1 >> s2;  // cin: 从输入流读取字符串, 碰到空白符(空格/回车/Tab)即结束
10     cout << "s1: " << s1 << endl;
11     cout << "s2: " << s2 << endl;
12 }
13 
14 void test2() {
15     string s1, s2;
16     getline(cin, s1);  // getline(): 从输入流中提取字符串，直到遇到换行符
17     getline(cin, s2);
18     cout << "s1: " << s1 << endl;
19     cout << "s2: " << s2 << endl;
20 }
21 
22 void test3() {
23     string s1, s2;
24     getline(cin, s1, ' '); //从输入流中提取字符串，直到遇到指定分隔符
25     getline(cin, s2);
26     cout << "s1: " << s1 << endl;
27     cout << "s2: " << s2 << endl;
28 }
29 
30 int main() {
31     cout << "测试1: 使用标准输入流对象cin输入字符串" << endl;
32     test1();
33     cout << endl;
34 
35     cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
36 
37     cout << "测试2: 使用函数getline()输入字符串" << endl;
38     test2();
39     cout << endl;
40 
41     cout << "测试3: 使用函数getline()输入字符串, 指定字符串分隔符" << endl;
42     test3();
43 }
View Code

task4_2.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <string>
 3 #include <vector>
 4 #include <limits>
 5 
 6 using namespace std;
 7 
 8 void output(const vector<string> &v) {
 9     for(auto &s: v)
10         cout << s << endl;
11 }
12 
13 void test() {
14     int n;
15     while(cout << "Enter n: ", cin >> n) {
16         vector<string> v1;
17 
18         for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
19             string s;
20             cin >> s;
21             v1.push_back(s);
22         }
23 
24         cout << "output v1: " << endl;
25         output(v1); 
26         cout << endl;
27     }
28 }
29 
30 int main() {
31     cout << "测试: 使用cin多组输入字符串" << endl;
32     test();
33 }
View Code

 

task4_3.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <string>
 3 #include <vector>
 4 #include <limits>
 5 
 6 using namespace std;
 7 
 8 void output(const vector<string> &v) {
 9     for(auto &s: v)
10         cout << s << endl;
11 }
12 
13 void test() {
14     int n;
15     while(cout << "Enter n: ", cin >> n) {
16         cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
17 
18         vector<string> v2;
19 
20         for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
21             string s;
22             getline(cin, s);
23             v2.push_back(s);
24         }
25         cout << "output v2: " << endl;
26         output(v2); 
27         cout << endl;
28     }
29 }
30 
31 int main() {
32     cout << "测试: 使用函数getline()多组输入字符串" << endl;
33     test();
34 }
View Code

问题一：确保忽略直到下一个特定分隔符（如换行符）为止的所有字符。

问题二：除输入缓冲区中可能存在的任何剩余字符，尤其是上一个输入操作后留下的换行符

实验任务五

task 5.cpp

 1 #include "grm.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 
 4 using std::cout;
 5 using std::endl;
 6 
 7 void test1() {
 8     GameResourceManager<float> HP_manager(99.99);
 9     cout << "当前生命值: " << HP_manager.get() << endl;
10     HP_manager.update(9.99);
11     cout << "增加9.99生命值后, 当前生命值: " << HP_manager.get() << endl;
12     HP_manager.update(-999.99);
13     cout <<"减少999.99生命值后, 当前生命值: " << HP_manager.get() << endl;
14 }
15 
16 void test2() {
17     GameResourceManager<int> Gold_manager(100);
18     cout << "当前金币数量: " << Gold_manager.get() << endl;
19     Gold_manager.update(50);
20     cout << "增加50个金币后, 当前金币数量: " << Gold_manager.get() << endl;
21     Gold_manager.update(-99);
22     cout <<"减少99个金币后, 当前金币数量: " << Gold_manager.get() << endl;
23 }
View Code

grm.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include<iostream>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 template<typename T>
 5 class GameResourceManager {
 6     private:
 7         T resouce;
 8     public:
 9         GameResourceManager(T Resource):resouce(Resource) {}
10         T get()const {
11             return resouce;
12         }
13         void update(T num) {
14             resouce += num;
15             if (resouce < 0) resouce = 0;
16         }
17 
18 };
View Code

 

实验任务六

info.hpp

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 #include<iomanip>
 3 
 4 using namespace std;
 5 
 6 class Info{
 7 private:
 8     string nickname;
 9     string contact;
10     string city;
11     int n;
12 public:
13     Info(string nickname,string contact,string city,int n);
14     void display() const;
15 };
16 
17 Info::Info(string name,string con,string c,int n1)
18 {
19     nickname=name;
20     contact=con;
21     city=c;
22     n=n1;
23 }
24 void Info::display() const
25 {
26     cout<<setw(20)<<left<<"昵称:"<<nickname<<endl;
27     cout<<setw(20)<<left<<"联系方式:"<<contact<<endl;
28     cout<<setw(20)<<left<<"所在城市:"<<city<<endl;
29     cout<<setw(20)<<left<<"预定人数:"<<n<<endl;
30 }
View Code

task6.cpp

 1 #include "Info.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 #include<vector>
 4 
 5 using namespace std;
 6 
 7 const int capacity=100;
 8 
 9 int main ()
10 {
11     vector<Info> audience_lst;
12     cout<<"录入用户预约信息:"<<endl<<endl;
13     cout<<setw(10)<<left<<"昵称";
14     cout<<setw(30)<<left<<"联系方式(邮箱/手机号)";
15     cout<<setw(20)<<left<<"所在城市";
16     cout<<setw(10)<<left<<"预定参加人数"<<endl;
17     int now_capacity=0;
18     string nickname,contact,city;
19     int n;
20     while(now_capacity<capacity && cin>>nickname>>contact>>city>>n)
21     {
22         now_capacity+=n;
23         if (now_capacity<=capacity)
24         {
25             audience_lst.push_back(Info(nickname,contact,city,n));
26         }
27         else
28         {
29             now_capacity-=n;
30             cout<<"对不起,只剩80个位置."<<endl;
31             cout<<"1.输入u,更新(update)预定信息"<<endl;
32             cout<<"2.输入q,退出预定"<<endl;
33             cout<<"你的选择:";
34             char choose;
35             cin>>choose;
36             if (choose=='u')
37             {
38                 cout<<"请重新输入预定信息:"<<endl;
39                 continue;
40             }
41             else if(choose=='q')
42             {
43                 break;
44             }
45         }
46     }
47     cout<<"截至目前，一共有"<<now_capacity<<"为听众预约。预约听众信息如下:"<<endl; 
48     int len=audience_lst.size();
49     for (int i=0;i<len;i++)
50     {
51         cout<<string(50,'-')<<endl;
52         audience_lst[i].display();
53     }
54 }
View Code

 

实验任务七

 1 #pragma once
 2 #ifndef  ACCOUNT H
 3 #define  ACCOUNT H
 4 #include"date.h"
 5 #include"accumulator.h"
 6 #include<string>
 7 class Account {
 8 private:
 9     std::string id;
10     double balance;
11     static double total;
12 protected:
13     Account(const Date& date, const std::string& id);
14     void record(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
15     void error(const std::string& msg)const;
16 public:
17     const std::string& getId()const { return id; }
18     double getBalance()const { return balance; }
19     static double getTotal() { return total; }
20 
21     void show()const;
22 };
23 class SavingsAccount :public Account {
24 private:
25     Accumulator acc;
26     double rate;
27 public:
28     SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const std::string& id, double rate);
29     double getRate()const { return rate; }
30 
31     void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
32     void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
33     void settle(const Date& date);
34 };
35 class CreditAccount :public Account {
36 private:
37     Accumulator acc;
38     double credit;
39     double rate;
40     double fee;
41     double getDebt()const {
42         double balance = getBalance();
43         return (balance < 0 ? balance : 0);
44     }
45 public:
46     CreditAccount(const Date& date, const std::string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee);
47     double getCredit()const { return credit; }
48     double getRate()const { return rate; }
49     double getAvailableCredit()const {
50         if (getBalance() < 0)
51             return credit + getBalance();
52         else
53             return credit;
54     }
55     void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
56     void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
57     void settle(const Date& date);
58     void show()const;
59 };
60 #endif//ACCOUNT H
account.h
 1 //accumulator.h
 2 #pragma once
 3 #ifndef  ACCUMULATOR H
 4 #define  ACCUMULATOR H
 5 #include"date.h"
 6 class Accumulator {
 7 private:
 8     Date lastDate;
 9     double value;
10     double sum;
11 public:
12     Accumulator(const Date& date, double value) :lastDate(date), value(value), sum{ 0 } {
13     }
14 
15     double getSum(const Date& date)const {
16         return sum + value * date.distance(lastDate);
17     }
18 
19     void change(const Date& date, double value) {
20         sum = getSum(date);
21         lastDate = date; this->value = value;
22     }
23 
24     void reset(const Date& date, double value) {
25         lastDate = date; this->value = value; sum = 0;
26     }
27 };
28 #endif//ACCUMULATOR H#pragma once
accumulator.h
 1 //date.h
 2 #pragma once
 3 #ifndef  DATE H
 4 #define  DATE H
 5 class Date {
 6 private:
 7     int year;
 8     int month;
 9     int day;
10     int totalDays;
11 public:
12     Date(int year, int month, int day);
13     int getYear()const { return year; }
14     int getMonth()const { return month; }
15     int getDay()const { return day; }
16     int getMaxDay()const;
17     bool isLeapYear()const {
18         return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;
19     }
20     void show()const;
21     int distance(const Date& date)const {
22         return totalDays - date.totalDays;
23     }
24 };
25 #endif//  DATE H
data.h
 1 //account.cpp
 2 #include"account.h"
 3 #include<cmath>
 4 #include<iostream>
 5 using namespace std;
 6 double Account::total = 0;
 7 
 8 Account::Account(const Date& date, const string& id) :id{ id }, balance{ 0 } {
 9     date.show(); cout << "\t#" << id << "created" << endl;
10 }
11 
12 
13 void Account::record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
14     amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
15     balance += amount;
16     total += amount;
17     date.show();
18     cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
19 }
20 
21 void Account::show()const { cout << id << "\tBalance:" << balance; }
22 void Account::error(const string& msg)const {
23     cout << "Error(#" << id << "):" << msg << endl;
24 }
25 
26 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate) :Account(date, id), rate(rate), acc(date, 0) {}
27 
28 void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
29     record(date, amount, desc);
30     acc.change(date, getBalance());
31 }
32 
33 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
34     if (amount > getBalance()) {
35         error("not enough money");
36     }
37     else {
38         record(date, -amount, desc);
39         acc.change(date, getBalance());
40     }
41 }
42 
43 void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
44     double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate / date.distance(Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
45     if (interest != 0)record(date, interest, "interest");
46     acc.reset(date, getBalance());
47 }
48 
49 CreditAccount::CreditAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee) :Account(date, id), credit(credit), rate(rate), fee(fee), acc(date, 0) {}
50 
51 void CreditAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
52     record(date, amount, desc);
53     acc.change(date, getDebt());
54 }
55 
56 void CreditAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
57     if (amount - getBalance() > credit) {
58         error("not enough credit");
59     }
60     else {
61         record(date, -amount, desc);
62         acc.change(date, getDebt());
63     }
64 }
65 
66 void CreditAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
67     double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate;
68     if (interest != 0)record(date, interest, "interest");
69     if (date.getMonth() == 1)
70         record(date, -fee, "annual fee");
71     acc.reset(date, getDebt());
72 }
73 
74 void CreditAccount::show()const {
75     Account::show();
76     cout << "\tAvailable credit:" << getAvailableCredit();
77 }
account.cpp
 1 //date.cpp
 2 #include"date.h"
 3 #include<iostream>
 4 #include<cstdlib>
 5 using namespace std;
 6 namespace {
 7     const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334,365 };
 8 }
 9 Date::Date(int year, int month, int day) :year{ year }, month{ month }, day{ day } {
10     if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay()) {
11         cout << "Invalid date:";
12         show();
13         cout << endl;
14         exit(1);
15     }
16     int years = year - 1;
17     totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400 + DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
18     if (isLeapYear() && month > 2)totalDays++;
19 }
20 int Date::getMaxDay()const {
21     if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
22         return 29;
23     else return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] - DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1];
24 }
25 
26 void Date::show()const {
27     cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
28 }
data.cpp
 1 //tsak7.cpp
 2 #include"account.h"
 3 #include<iostream>
 4 
 5 using namespace std;
 6 
 7 int main() {
 8     Date date(2008, 11, 1);
 9     SavingsAccount sa1(date, "S3755217", 0.015);
10     SavingsAccount sa2(date, "02342342", 0.015);
11     CreditAccount ca(date, "C5392394", 10000, 0.0005, 50);
12 
13     sa1.deposit(Date(2008, 11, 5), 5000, "salary");
14     ca.withdraw(Date(2008, 11, 15), 2000, "buy a cell");
15     sa2.deposit(Date(2008, 11, 25), 10000, "sell stock 0323");
16 
17     ca.settle(Date(2008, 12, 1));
18 
19     ca.deposit(Date(2008, 12, 1), 2016, "repay the credit");
20     sa1.deposit(Date(2008, 12, 5), 5500, "salary");
21 
22     sa1.settle(Date(2009, 1, 1));
23     sa2.settle(Date(2009, 1, 1));
24     ca.settle(Date(2009, 1, 1));
25 
26     cout << endl;
27     sa1.show(); cout << endl;
28     sa2.show(); cout << endl;
29     ca.show(); cout << endl;
30     cout << "Total:" << Account::getTotal() << endl;
31     return 0;
32 }
task7.cpp

 

posted @ 2024-11-23 13:46  qc798w3  阅读(2)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报