使用sql语句查询表结构

虽然DESC 命令能查看表的结构,但有时希望将表的结构输入到一张表中去或导入到EXCEL。用DESC命令有点繁琐。其实一条SQL语句即可。

查询自己能看到的表的表结构:

SELECT T1.TABLE_NAME,
       T1.COLUMN_NAME,
       T1.DATA_TYPE || '(' || T1.DATA_LENGTH || ')',
       T2.COMMENTS
  FROM USER_TAB_COLS T1, USER_COL_COMMENTS T2
 WHERE T1.TABLE_NAME = T2.TABLE_NAME
   AND T1.COLUMN_NAME = T2.COLUMN_NAME
   AND T1.TABLE_NAME = 'EMP';

如果是DBA则可能过ALL_ 和DBA_来查询所有的表结构。

SQL92的写法,但是不知道怎么加限制条件,好像用了USING就不可以了。当然可以去掉USING换成 ON

SELECT TABLE_NAME,
       COLUMN_NAME,
       T1.DATA_TYPE || '(' || T1.DATA_LENGTH || ')',
       T2.COMMENTS
  FROM USER_TAB_COLS T1 INNER JOIN USER_COL_COMMENTS T2
  USING(table_name,COLUMN_name);

注意,如果有些字段没有注释,是不能显示的, 这样改:
SELECT t.table_name,
       t.colUMN_NAME,
       t.DATA_TYPE || '(' || t.DATA_LENGTH || ')',
       t1.COMMENTS
  FROM User_Tab_Cols t, User_Col_Comments t1
 WHERE t.table_name = t1.table_name
    AND t.column_name = t1.column_name(+);
加个外连接就行了。

以上是从网友那里拷贝过来的,同事写过一个供参考的,详细代码如下:

 1 SELECT C.COMMENTS AS 中文表名,
 2              A.TABLE_NAME AS 表名,
 3              CASE WHEN A.INTERNAL_COLUMN_ID=1 THEN A.COLUMN_NAME ELSE ','||A.COLUMN_NAME END AS A字段名,
 4              '--'|| A.INTERNAL_COLUMN_ID|| B.COMMENTS AS 字段中文名,
 5             CASE WHEN A.INTERNAL_COLUMN_ID=1 THEN
 6                    CASE WHEN A.DATA_TYPE ='DATE' THEN  'T1.'||A.COLUMN_NAME ELSE 'TRIM(T1.'||A.COLUMN_NAME||') AS '||A.COLUMN_NAME END
 7                      ELSE 
 8                              CASE WHEN A.DATA_TYPE='DATE' THEN ',T1.'||A.COLUMN_NAME 
 9                               ELSE ',TRIM(T1.'||A.COLUMN_NAME||') AS '||A.COLUMN_NAME END 
10                        END,
11               A.INTERNAL_COLUMN_ID
12        FROM ALL_TAB_COLS A
13 LEFT JOIN ALL_COL_COMMENTS B
14            ON A.OWNER = B.OWNER
15          AND A.TABLE_NAME = B.TABLE_NAME
16          AND A.COLUMN_NAME = B.COLUMN_NAME
17 LEFT JOIN ALL_TAB_COMMENTS C
18            ON A.OWNER = C.OWNER
19          AND A.TABLE_NAME = C.TABLE_NAME
20     WHERE A.OWNER='ETL'          --用户名称
21          AND A.TABLE_NAME='HIS_FXOPT_TR_PTB'
22 ORDER BY A.INTERNAL_COLUMN_ID
23      

 

posted on 2016-10-17 15:52  vbvb520  阅读(629)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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