Linux下流量监控:iftop的安装与使用

1.简介

iftop does for network usage what top(1) does for CPU usage. It listens to network traffic on a named interface and displays a table of current bandwidth usage by pairs of hosts. Handy for answering the question "why is our ADSL link so slow?".
iftop监听网络(和top监听cpu使用状态类似),通过监听指定的网口,来展示当前的带宽使用率,用于解答"您的adsl网络链接为何如此之慢”的问题

用途

对定位机器上的流量异常问题,和服务间调用问题比较有用。

2.安装

有两种安装方式

1. yum/apt安装

2.源码编译安装

2.1 yum/apt

#Ubuntu
sudo apt install -y iftop/xenial
#Centos
sudo yum install -y  iftop.x86_64

2.2 源码编译安装

2.2.1 预装系统包

#Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install flex byacc  libpcap0.8 libncurses5
#Centos
sudo yum install -y flex byacc libpcap ncurses-devel libpcap-devel

2.2.2 编译安装iftop

#下载iftop的安装包
wget http://www.ex-parrot.com/pdw/iftop/download/iftop-0.17.tar.gz
#解压缩iftop的安装包
tar xzvf iftop-0.17.tar.gz
#进入对应目录
cd iftop-0.17/
#配置
sudo ./configure
#编译
sudo make
#安装
sudo make install

3. 运行iftop

3.1 帮助

执行iftop -h

iftop: display bandwidth usage on an interface by host

Synopsis: iftop -h | [-npblNBP] [-i interface] [-f filter code]
[-F net/mask] [-G net6/mask6]

-h display this message   
-n don't do hostname lookups
-N don't convert port numbers to services
-p run in promiscuous mode (show traffic between other
hosts on the same network segment)
-b don't display a bar graph of traffic
-B display bandwidth in bytes
-a display bandwidth in packets
-i interface listen on named interface
-f filter code use filter code to select packets to count
(default: none, but only IP packets are counted)
-F net/mask show traffic flows in/out of IPv4 network
-G net6/mask6 show traffic flows in/out of IPv6 network
-l display and count link-local IPv6 traffic (default: off)
-P show ports as well as hosts
-m limit sets the upper limit for the bandwidth scale
-c config file specifies an alternative configuration file
-t use text interface without ncurses

Sorting orders:
-o 2s Sort by first column (2s traffic average)
-o 10s Sort by second column (10s traffic average) [default]
-o 40s Sort by third column (40s traffic average)
-o source Sort by source address
-o destination Sort by destination address

The following options are only available in combination with -t
-s num print one single text output afer num seconds, then quit
-L num number of lines to print

可以看到有很多选项,这里我分享一些常见用法示例

3.2 例子

1. 直接使用iftop :iftop

2.iftop -B

以Byte为单位展示而不是Bit为单位展示

3.iftop -n

不展示hosts信息,也可以在iftop后按n进行切换

显示为主机名

显示为ip

4.iftop -N

不展示端口号;默认展示的ip后面会带端口号。可以进入iftop后按N切换

5.iftop -F 网段

例如: iftop -F 192.168.21.0/192.168.21.0

6.iftop -P

展示host信息和端口信息

7.iftop -i eth0

指定只展示eth0网卡的进出流量,默认只展示eth0的网卡信息

8. 排序(最重要的)

iftop -o 2s,按照rate(2秒内平均流量)那列排序,也可以进入iftop按1

iftop -o 10s,按照rate(10秒内平均流量)那列排序,也可以进入iftop按2

iftop -o 40s,按照rate(40秒内平均流量)那列排序,也可以进入iftop按3

iftop -o source,按照源地址排序,也可以进入iftop按<

iftop -o source,按照目的地址排序,也可以进入iftop按>

9. 常用快捷键

q:退出

?:帮助模式

P:  停止屏幕信息刷新

S:  切换source端口展示

D:切换dest端口展示

j/k:向前后滚动屏幕信息

 

以上就是iftop相关的介绍了,有问题可以在评论区里留言~

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posted @ 2020-10-26 08:08  公众号-测试生财  阅读(733)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报