quartz简单使用
quartz具备如下特点
- 强大的调度功能,例如支持丰富多样的调度方法,可以满足各种常规及特殊需求;
- 灵活的应用方式,例如支持任务和调度的多种组合方式,支持调度数据的多种存储方式;
- 分布式和集群能力,Terracotta 收购后在原来功能基础上作了进一步提升。
quartz核心元素
- Scheduler:任务调度器,是实际执行任务调度的控制器。在spring中通过SchedulerFactoryBean封装起来。
- Trigger:触发器,用于定义任务调度的时间规则,有SimpleTrigger,CronTrigger,DateIntervalTrigger和NthIncludedDayTrigger,其中CronTrigger用的比较多,本文主要介绍这种方式。CronTrigger在spring中封装在CronTriggerFactoryBean中。
- Calendar:它是一些日历特定时间点的集合。一个trigger可以包含多个Calendar,以便排除或包含某些时间点。
- JobDetail:用来描述Job实现类及其它相关的静态信息,如Job名字、关联监听器等信息。在spring中有JobDetailFactoryBean和 MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean两种实现,如果任务调度只需要执行某个类的某个方法,就可以通过MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean来调用。
- Job:是一个接口,只有一个方法void execute(JobExecutionContext context),开发者实现该接口定义运行任务,JobExecutionContext类提供了调度上下文的各种信息。Job运行时的信息保存在JobDataMap实例中。实现Job接口的任务,默认是无状态的,若要将Job设置成有状态的,在quartz中是给实现的Job添加@DisallowConcurrentExecution注解(以前是实现StatefulJob接口,现在已被Deprecated),在与spring结合中可以在spring配置文件的job detail中配置concurrent参数。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.java</groupId> <artifactId>time-job</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.5.7</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId> </dependency> <!--引入junit单元测试依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <!--编译插件定义编译细节--> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <encoding>utf-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
package com.java; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; /** * @author yourheart * @Description * @create 2022-05-23 17:40 */ @SpringBootApplication public class TimeApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(TimeApplication.class,args); } }
package com.java; import org.quartz.Job; import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobExecutionException; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /** * @author yourheart * @Description * @create 2022-05-23 19:42 */ public class MyJob implements Job { private final static Logger log= LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyJob.class); @Override public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException { Object name = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap().get("name"); log.warn(name+"搞卫生"); } }
package com.java.config; import com.java.MyJob; import org.quartz.JobBuilder; import org.quartz.JobDetail; import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder; import org.quartz.Trigger; import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; /** * @author yourheart * @Description * @create 2022-05-23 19:52 */ @Configuration public class QuartzConfiguration { @Bean public JobDetail jobDetail() { return JobBuilder.newJob(MyJob.class) /** * 自己取名 */ .withIdentity("fileHandleQuartzJobDetail") .usingJobData("name", "张三") .storeDurably().build(); } /** * 构建触发器 * @return */ @Bean public Trigger trigger() { /** * 时间自己定,根据方法进行修改时间 */ SimpleScheduleBuilder schedBuilder=SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(5).repeatForever(); return TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().forJob( jobDetail()). /** * 自己取名 */ withIdentity("fileHandleQuartzJobTriger") .withSchedule(schedBuilder).build(); } }
application.propeties没有配置