Swing-JPopupMenu弹出菜单用法-入门
弹出菜单是GUI程序中非常常见的一种控件。它通常由鼠标右击事件触发，比如在windows系统桌面上右击时，会弹出一个包含“刷新”、“属性”等菜单的弹出菜单。Swing中的弹出菜单是JPopupMenu，它的基本性质与JMenu类似，可以使用add方法给它内部添加JMenu或者JMenuItem。手动显示JPopupMenu时，需使用show(parentComponent, x, y)方法，指定父控件和显示坐标。用户的操作习惯是在右击某个 控件时显示弹出菜单，那么需要使用component.setComponentPopupMenu(popupMenu)方法来添加该弹出菜单。偶尔会遇到在已经包含弹出菜单的控件内再添加子控件的情况，这时子控件可以使用child.setInheritsPopupMenu(true)来继承该弹出菜单。
下面是JPopupMenu常用方法：
为了练手，我们来模仿实现eclipse中编辑区域的弹出菜单，代码如下：
package Swing; import java.awt.event.InputEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import javax.swing.Icon; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JMenu; import javax.swing.JMenuItem; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JPopupMenu; import javax.swing.KeyStroke; /* *模仿实现eclipse中编辑区域的弹出菜单 */ public class JPopupMenuDemo extends JFrame { JPopupMenu popupMenu; public JPopupMenuDemo(){ JMenuItem menuItem;//用作临时变量 popupMenu = new JPopupMenu(); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Undo Typing", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\undoTyping.png"), KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('Z', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Revert File", null, null, null)); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Save", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\save.png"), KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('S', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))); popupMenu.addSeparator(); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Open Declaration", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("F3"))); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Open Type Hierarchy", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("F4"))); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Open Call Hierarchy", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('H', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK | InputEvent.ALT_MASK))); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Show in Breakcrumb", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('B', InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK | InputEvent.ALT_MASK))); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Quick Outline", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('O', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Quick Type Hierarchy", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('T', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedOpenWith()); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedShowIn()); popupMenu.addSeparator(); menuItem = popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Cut", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('X', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))); menuItem.setEnabled(false); menuItem = popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Copy", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('C', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))); menuItem.setEnabled(false); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Copy Qualified Name", null, null, null)); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Paste", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('V', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))); popupMenu.addSeparator(); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Quick Fix", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('1', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedSource()); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedRefactor()); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedLocalHistory()); popupMenu.addSeparator(); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedReferences()); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedDeclarations()); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Add To Snippets", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\addToSnippets.png"), null)); popupMenu.addSeparator(); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedDebugAs()); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedRunAs()); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Validate", null, null, null)); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedTeam()); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedCompareWith()); popupMenu.add(createMenuNamedReplaceWith()); popupMenu.addSeparator(); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Prefrences", null, null, null)); popupMenu.addSeparator(); popupMenu.add(createMenuItem("Remove from Context", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN, InputEvent.CTRL_MASK | InputEvent.ALT_MASK | InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK))); JPanel panel = new JPanel(); panel.setComponentPopupMenu(popupMenu); add(panel); } private JMenu createMenuNamedReplaceWith() { /* * * 创建名称为ReplaceWith的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Replace With", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("Local History", null, null, null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Previous From History", null, null, null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedCompareWith() { /* * * 创建名称为CompareWith的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Compare With", null); JMenuItem menuItem = menu.add(createMenuItem("Each Other", null, null, null)); menuItem.setEnabled(false); menu.add(createMenuItem("Local History", null, null, null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedTeam() { /* * * 创建名称为Team的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Team", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("Apply Patch", null, null, null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Show Local History", null, null, null)); JMenuItem menuItem= menu.add(createMenuItem("Share Project", null, null, null)); menuItem.setEnabled(false); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedRunAs() { /* * * 创建名称为RunAs的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Run As", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("Java Application", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\javaApplication.png"),KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('X', InputEvent.ALT_MASK | InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK))); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Debug Configurations", null, null, null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedDebugAs() { /* * * 创建名称为DebugAs的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Debug As", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("Java Application", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\javaApplication.png"),KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('D', InputEvent.ALT_MASK | InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK))); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Debug Configurations", null, null, null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedDeclarations() { /* * * 创建名称为Declarations的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Declarations", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("workSpace", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\declarationsIcon.png"),KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('G', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK | InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK))); menu.add(createMenuItem("Project", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\declarationsIcon.png"),null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Hierarchy", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\declarationsIcon.png"),null)); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("WorkingSet", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\declarationsIcon.png"),null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedReferences() { /* * * 创建名称为References的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("References", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("workSpace", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\ReferencesIcon.png"),KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('G', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK | InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK))); menu.add(createMenuItem("Project", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\ReferencesIcon.png"),null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Hierarchy", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\ReferencesIcon.png"),null)); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("WorkingSet", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\ReferencesIcon.png"),null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedLocalHistory() { /* * * 创建名称为LocalHistory的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Local History", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("Compare With", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Replace With Previous", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Replace With", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Restore From", null, null,null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedRefactor() { /* * * 创建名称为Refactor的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Refactor", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("Move", null, null,KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('V', InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK | InputEvent.ALT_MASK))); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Change Method Signature", null, null,KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('C', InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK | InputEvent.ALT_MASK))); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Extract Interface", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Extract Superclass", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Use Suppertype where Possible", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Pull Up", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Push Down", null, null,null)); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Extract Class", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Introduce Parameter Object", null, null,null)); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Infer Generic Type Arguments", null, null,null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedSource() { /* * * 创建名称为Source的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Source", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("Toggle Comment", null, null,KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('/', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))); menu.add(createMenuItem("Remove Bolck Comment", null, null,KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('\\', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK | InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK))); menu.add(createMenuItem("Generate Element Comment", null, null,KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('J', InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK | InputEvent.ALT_MASK))); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Corrent Indentation", null, null, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('I', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))); menu.add(createMenuItem("Format Element", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Format ", null, null,KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('F', InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK | InputEvent.ALT_MASK))); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Add Import", null, null,KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('M', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK | InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK))); menu.add(createMenuItem("Organize Imports", null, null,KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('O', InputEvent.CTRL_MASK | InputEvent.SHIFT_MASK))); menu.add(createMenuItem("Sort Members", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Clean Up", null, null,null)); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Override/Implement Methods", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Generate Getters and Setters", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Generate Delegate Methods", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Generate hashCode() and equals()", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Generate toString()", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Generate Constructor using Fields", null, null,null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Generate Constructor from Superclass", null, null,null)); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Externalize Strings", null, null,null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedShowIn() { /* * * 创建名称为ShowIn的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Show In", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("Git Repositories", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\gitRepositories.png"), null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Package Explorer", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\packageExplorer.png"), null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("History", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\history.png"), null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Navigator", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\navigator.png"), null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Project Explorer", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\projectExplorer.png"), null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Outline", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\outline.png"), null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("System Explorer", null, null, null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Properties", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\Properties.png"), null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenuNamedOpenWith() { /* * * 创建名称为OpenWith的menu */ JMenu menu = createMenu("Open With", null); menu.add(createMenuItem("Java Editor", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\JavaEditor.png"), null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Text Editor", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\textEditor.png"), null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Window Builder Editor", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\windowBuilderEditor.png"), null)); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("System Editor", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\systemEditor.png"), null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("In-Place Editor", null, new ImageIcon("resources\\JPopupMenuDemo\\icon\\inPlaceEditor.png"), null)); menu.add(createMenuItem("Default Editor", null, null, null)); menu.addSeparator(); menu.add(createMenuItem("Other", null, null, null)); return menu; } private JMenu createMenu(String name, String mnemonic) { /* * 根据名称和快捷键创建menu并添加到menuBar */ JMenu menu = new JMenu(name); if (mnemonic != null) menu.setMnemonic(mnemonic.toCharArray()[0]); return menu; } private JMenuItem createMenuItem(String name, String mnemonic, Icon icon, KeyStroke keyStroke) { /* * 根据名称和快捷键创建menu并添加到menuBar */ JMenuItem menuItem = new JMenuItem(name, icon); if (mnemonic != null) menuItem.setMnemonic(mnemonic.toCharArray()[0]); if (keyStroke != null) menuItem.setAccelerator(keyStroke); return menuItem; } public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub // 创建窗体 JPopupMenuDemo frame = new JPopupMenuDemo(); //指定标题 frame.setTitle("JPopupMenuDemo"); //指定icon frame.setIconImage(new ImageIcon("resources\\JMenuDemo\\icon\\Eclipse.png").getImage()); // 关闭窗体后退出程序 frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // 自动适配所有控件大小 frame.setSize(frame.getPreferredSize().width, 200); //frame.pack(); // 设置窗体位置在屏幕中央 frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); // 显示窗体 frame.setVisible(true); } }
运行效果图1：
运行效果图2：
图标目录：
