今天博主跟大家讲一下如何用MATLAB制作一幅中国地图,那废话不多说,我们先看一下最终效果吧。

mercator墨卡托圆柱投影地图

 

 lambert兰伯特圆锥投影地图

 一张中国地图大概包括以下要素:

中国矢量数据(面、省界线等shp数据)、地图四要素(图名或标题、指北针、比例尺、图例),最好加一个海南岛及南海诸岛的鹰眼图。

 

 大概思路:

清理内存

地图投影

加载面文件

加载省界线文件(包含国界(含九段线))

显示省会点

省会标注

添加图名

添加图例

添加指北针

添加鹰眼图

 

 整体代码如下:

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close all, clear all, clc, dbstop if error
 
h1=worldmap('china')
setm(h1,'mapprojection','mercator');%圆柱投影%setm(h1,'mapprojection','lambert');%正形圆锥投影
setm(h1,'FFaceColor','w')%图廓
 
ChinaP=shaperead('bou1_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true)%中国面文件
ChinaL=shaperead('bou2_4l.shp','UseGeoCoords',true)%中国省界线文件(包含九段线)
CapLon=[117.000923,115.48333,125.35000,127.63333,123.38333,111.670801,87.68333,103.73333,106.26667,112.53333,108.95000,113.65000,117.283042,119.78333,120.20000,118.30000,113.23333,115.90000,110.35000,108.320004,106.71667,113.00000,114.298572,104.06667,102.73333,91.00000,96.75000,117.20000,121.55333,106.45000,116.41667,121.30,114.10000,113.50000];
CapLat=[36.675807,38.03333,43.88333,47.75000,41.80000, 41.818311,43.76667,36.03333,37.46667,37.86667,34.26667,34.76667, 31.86119,32.05,30.266,26.0833,23.16667,28.68333,20.01667, 22.8240,26.56667,28.2166, 30.58435,30.6666,25.05000,30.600,36.5666,39.133,31.2000, 29.566,39.9166, 25.03,22.20,22.20];
names={'济南','石家庄','长春','哈尔滨','沈阳', '呼和浩特','乌鲁木齐','兰州','银川','太原','西安','郑州','合肥','南京','杭州','福州','广州','南昌','海口','南宁','贵阳','长沙','武汉','成都','昆明','拉萨','西宁','天津','上海','重庆', '北京','台北','香港','澳门'};
 
geoshow(ChinaP,'Facecolor',[1 1 0.5])%显示面
geoshow(ChinaL,'LineStyle','-.','Color','k','LineWidth',1)%显示界线
geoshow(CapLat,CapLon,'DisplayType','point','Marker','.','MarkerEdgeColor','red')%省会点
geoshow(39.9166,116.41667,'DisplayType','point','Marker','p','MarkerEdgeColor','red')%首都
%省会标注
for i=1:numel(names)
    textm(CapLat(i)+0.3,CapLon(i)+0.3,names(i),'color','k','FontSize',8)
end
%图名
title('中国政区地图','FontSize',20);
 
%图例
legend({'省界线','省会','首都','国界线'},'FontSize',12,'Location','southwest')
 
%比例尺
scaleruler('units','km')
setm(handlem('scaleruler1'),'RulerStyle','lines','MajorTick',0:500:1000,'MinorTick',0:250:500,'TickDir','down')
 
%海南岛及南海诸岛
h2=axes('pos',[0.5922 0.15 0.13 0.2])
worldmap([5.559248066 20.549868679],[106.680363685 122.034461754])
setm(h2,'FFaceColor','w')
insert1=shaperead('bou2_4l.shp','UseGeoCoords',true)
geoshow([insert1.Lat],[insert1.Lon],'Color','k','LineWidth',1)
mlabel
plabel
gridm
setm(h2,'FFacecolor','c')
title('海南岛及南海诸岛','FontSize',6)
 
% 指北针
northarrow('latitude',50,'longitude',62)
h=handlem('NorthArrow');
set(h,'FaceColor','k')

  运行结果图:

 

 

 

 数据文件在博主主页文件ChinaMap.rar压缩包中,请自行下载。

 

 

 

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