将Spring实战第5版中Spring HATEOAS部分代码迁移到Spring HATEOAS 1.0
最近在阅读Spring实战第五版中文版,书中第6章关于Spring HATEOAS部分代码使用的是Spring HATEOAS 0.25的版本,而最新的Spring HATEOAS 1.0对旧版的API做了升级,导致在使用新版Spring Boot(截至文章发布日最新的Spring Boot版本为2.2.4)加载的Spring HATEOAS 1.0.3无法正常运行书中代码,所以我决定在此对书中的代码进行迁移升级。
Spring HATEOAS 1.0 版本的变化
封装结构的最大变化是通过引入超媒体类型注册API来实现的,以支持Spring HATEOAS中的其他媒体类型。这导致客户端API和服务器API(分别命名的包)以及包中的媒体类型实现的明确分离 mediatype
。
最大的变化就是将原来的资源表示为模型,具体变化如下。
在ResourceSupport
/ Resource
/ Resources
/ PagedResources
组类从来没有真正感受到适当命名。毕竟,这些类型实际上并不表示资源,而是表示模型,可以通过超媒体信息和提供的内容来丰富它们。这是新名称映射到旧名称的方式:
-
ResourceSupport
就是现在RepresentationModel
-
Resource
就是现在EntityModel
-
Resources
就是现在CollectionModel
-
PagedResources
就是现在PagedModel
因此,ResourceAssembler
已被重命名为RepresentationModelAssembler
和及其方法toResource(…)
,并分别toResources(…)
被重命名为toModel(…)
和toCollectionModel(…)
。名称更改也反映在中包含的类中TypeReferences
。
-
RepresentationModel.getLinks()
现在公开了一个Links
实例(通过List<Link>
),该实例公开了其他API,以Links
使用各种策略来连接和合并不同的实例。同样,它已经变成了自绑定的泛型类型,以允许向实例添加链接的方法返回实例本身。 -
该
LinkDiscoverer
API已移动到client
包。 -
在
LinkBuilder
和EntityLinks
API已经被移到了server
包。 -
ControllerLinkBuilder
已移入server.mvc
,不推荐使用替换WebMvcLinkBuilder
。 -
RelProvider
已重命名为LinkRelationProvider
并返回LinkRelation
实例,而不是String
。 -
VndError
已移至mediatype.vnderror
套件。
另外注意 ResourceProcessor 接口被 RepresentationModelProcessor 取代
更多变化请参考Spring HATEOAS文档:https://spring.io/projects/spring-hateoas
代码迁移升级
书中程序清单6.4 为资源添加超链接
@GetMapping("/recent") public CollectionModel<EntityModel<Taco>> recentTacos() { PageRequest page = PageRequest.of( 0, 12, Sort.by("createdAt").descending()); List<Taco> tacos = tacoRepo.findAll(page).getContent(); CollectionModel<EntityModel<Taco>> recentResources = CollectionModel.wrap(tacos); recentResources.add( new Link("http://localhost:8080/design/recent", "recents")); return recentResources; }
消除URL硬编码
@GetMapping("/recent") public CollectionModel<EntityModel<Taco>> recentTacos() { PageRequest page = PageRequest.of( 0, 12, Sort.by("createdAt").descending()); List<Taco> tacos = tacoRepo.findAll(page).getContent(); CollectionModel<EntityModel<Taco>> recentResources = CollectionModel.wrap(tacos); recentResources.add( linkTo(methodOn(DesignTacoController.class).recentTacos()).withRel("recents")); return recentResources; }
public class TacoResource extends RepresentationModel<TacoResource> { @Getter private String name; @Getter private Date createdAt; @Getter private List<Ingredient> ingredients; public TacoResource(Taco taco) { this.name = taco.getName(); this.createdAt = taco.getCreatedAt(); this.ingredients = taco.getIngredients(); } }
public class TacoResourceAssembler extends RepresentationModelAssemblerSupport<Taco, TacoResource> { /** * Creates a new {@link RepresentationModelAssemblerSupport} using the given controller class and resource type. * * @param controllerClass DesignTacoController {@literal DesignTacoController}. * @param resourceType TacoResource {@literal TacoResource}. */ public TacoResourceAssembler(Class<?> controllerClass, Class<TacoResource> resourceType) { super(controllerClass, resourceType); } @Override protected TacoResource instantiateModel(Taco taco) { return new TacoResource(taco); } @Override public TacoResource toModel(Taco entity) { return createModelWithId(entity.getId(), entity); } }
之后对recentTacos()的调整
@GetMapping("/recentNew") public CollectionModel<TacoResource> recentTacos() { PageRequest page = PageRequest.of( 0, 12, Sort.by("createdAt").descending()); List<Taco> tacos = tacoRepo.findAll(page).getContent(); CollectionModel<TacoResource> tacoResources = new TacoResourceAssembler(DesignTacoController.class, TacoResource.class).toCollectionModel(tacos); tacoResources.add(linkTo(methodOn(DesignTacoController.class) .recentTacos()) .withRel("recents")); return tacoResources; }
创建 IngredientResource 对象
@Data public class IngredientResource extends RepresentationModel<IngredientResource> { public IngredientResource(Ingredient ingredient) { this.name = ingredient.getName(); this.type = ingredient.getType(); } private final String name; private final Ingredient.Type type; }
public class IngredientResourceAssembler extends RepresentationModelAssemblerSupport<Ingredient, IngredientResource> { /** * Creates a new {@link RepresentationModelAssemblerSupport} using the given controller class and resource type. * * @param controllerClass IngredientController {@literal IngredientController}. * @param resourceType IngredientResource {@literal IngredientResource}. */ public IngredientResourceAssembler(Class<?> controllerClass, Class<IngredientResource> resourceType) { super(controllerClass, resourceType); } @Override protected IngredientResource instantiateModel(Ingredient entity) { return new IngredientResource(entity); } @Override public IngredientResource toModel(Ingredient entity) { return createModelWithId(entity.getId(), entity); } }
对 TacoResource 对象的修改
public class TacoResource extends RepresentationModel<TacoResource> { private static final IngredientResourceAssembler ingredientAssembler = new IngredientResourceAssembler(IngredientController.class, IngredientResource.class); @Getter private String name; @Getter private Date createdAt; @Getter private CollectionModel<IngredientResource> ingredients; public TacoResource(Taco taco) { this.name = taco.getName(); this.createdAt = taco.getCreatedAt(); this.ingredients = ingredientAssembler.toCollectionModel(taco.getIngredients()); } }
程序清单6.7
@RepositoryRestController public class RecentTacosController { private TacoRepository tacoRepo; public RecentTacosController(TacoRepository tacoRepo) { this.tacoRepo = tacoRepo; } /** * 虽然@GetMapping映射到了“/tacos/recent”路径,但是类级别的@Repository RestController注解会确保这个路径添加 * Spring Data REST的基础路径作为前缀。按照我们的配置,recentTacos()方法将会处理针对“/api/tacos/recent”的GET请求。 * */ @GetMapping(path="/tacos/recent", produces="application/hal+json") public ResponseEntity<CollectionModel<TacoResource>> recentTacos() { PageRequest page = PageRequest.of( 0, 12, Sort.by("createdAt").descending()); List<Taco> tacos = tacoRepo.findAll(page).getContent(); CollectionModel<TacoResource> tacoResources = new TacoResourceAssembler(DesignTacoController.class, TacoResource.class).toCollectionModel(tacos); tacoResources.add( linkTo(methodOn(RecentTacosController.class).recentTacos()) .withRel("recents")); return new ResponseEntity<>(tacoResources, HttpStatus.OK); } }
@Bean public RepresentationModelProcessor<PagedModel<EntityModel<Taco>>> tacoProcessor(EntityLinks links) { return new RepresentationModelProcessor<PagedModel<EntityModel<Taco>>>() { @Override public PagedModel<EntityModel<Taco>> process(PagedModel<EntityModel<Taco>> resource) { resource.add( links.linkFor(Taco.class) .slash("recent") .withRel("recents")); return resource; } }; }
另一种写法
如果你觉得写使用资源装配器有点麻烦,那么你还可以采用这种方法。
@GetMapping("/employees") public ResponseEntity<CollectionModel<EntityModel<Taco>>> findAll() { PageRequest page = PageRequest.of( 0, 12, Sort.by("createdAt").descending()); List<EntityModel<Taco>> employees = StreamSupport.stream(tacoRepo.findAll(page).spliterator(), false) .map(employee -> new EntityModel<>(employee, linkTo(methodOn(DesignTacoController.class).findOne(employee.getId())).withSelfRel(), linkTo(methodOn(DesignTacoController.class).findAll()).withRel("employees"))) .collect(Collectors.toList()); return ResponseEntity.ok( new CollectionModel<>(employees, linkTo(methodOn(DesignTacoController.class).findAll()).withSelfRel())); }
@GetMapping("/employees/{id}") public ResponseEntity<EntityModel<Taco>> findOne(@PathVariable long id) { return tacoRepo.findById(id) .map(employee -> new EntityModel<>(employee, linkTo(methodOn(DesignTacoController.class).findOne(employee.getId())).withSelfRel(), // linkTo(methodOn(DesignTacoController.class).findAll()).withRel("employees"))) // .map(ResponseEntity::ok) .orElse(ResponseEntity.notFound().build()); }
参考来源:https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-hateoas-examples/tree/master/simplified
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