以下是常见英语不规则动词表,包含中文含义和例句,按类型分类整理,力求覆盖常见及部分高阶动词:
1. AAA型(原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
原形 (V1) |
过去式 (V2) |
过去分词 (V3) |
中文含义 |
例句 |
bet |
bet |
bet |
打赌 |
He bet all his money on the game.(他把所有钱押在了比赛上。) |
burst |
burst |
burst |
爆裂 |
The balloon burst suddenly.(气球突然爆了。) |
cost |
cost |
cost |
花费 |
This dress cost $50.(这条裙子花了50美元。) |
hit |
hit |
hit |
击打 |
The car hit a tree.(车撞到了树。) |
spread |
spread |
spread |
展开 |
She spread the map on the table.(她把地图铺在桌上。) |
2. ABA型(过去分词与原形相同)
原形 (V1) |
过去式 (V2) |
过去分词 (V3) |
中文含义 |
例句 |
come |
came |
come |
来 |
They came to visit us yesterday.(他们昨天来看我们。) |
run |
ran |
run |
跑 |
The dog ran after the cat.(狗追着猫跑。) |
overcome |
overcame |
overcome |
克服 |
She overcame her fears.(她克服了恐惧。) |
3. ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
原形 (V1) |
过去式 (V2) |
过去分词 (V3) |
中文含义 |
例句 |
build |
built |
built |
建造 |
They built a house last year.(他们去年建了房子。) |
lend |
lent |
lent |
借出 |
He lent me his bike.(他把自行车借给了我。) |
lose |
lost |
lost |
丢失 |
I lost my wallet on the bus.(我在公交车上丢了钱包。) |
shine |
shone |
shone |
发光 |
The sun shone brightly.(阳光明媚。) |
stick |
stuck |
stuck |
粘住 |
The glue stuck the papers together.(胶水把纸粘在一起。) |
4. ABC型(原形、过去式、过去分词均不同)
原形 (V1) |
过去式 (V2) |
过去分词 (V3) |
中文含义 |
例句 |
arise |
arose |
arisen |
出现 |
A problem arose during the meeting.(会议中出现了问题。) |
blow |
blew |
blown |
吹 |
The wind blew the leaves away.(风吹走了树叶。) |
freeze |
froze |
frozen |
冻结 |
The lake froze in winter.(湖面在冬天结冰了。) |
steal |
stole |
stolen |
偷窃 |
Someone stole my bicycle.(有人偷了我的自行车。) |
swear |
swore |
sworn |
发誓 |
He swore to tell the truth.(他发誓要说实话。) |
5. 特殊变化型
原形 (V1) |
过去式 (V2) |
过去分词 (V3) |
中文含义 |
例句 |
be |
was/were |
been |
是/在 |
They were at the party last night.(他们昨晚在派对上。) |
go |
went |
gone |
去 |
She has gone to Paris.(她去了巴黎。) |
lie |
lay |
lain |
躺 |
The cat lay on the sofa all day.(猫整天躺在沙发上。) |
hang |
hung |
hung |
悬挂 |
He hung the picture on the wall.(他把画挂在墙上。) |
sow |
sowed |
sown/sowed |
播种 |
The farmer sowed seeds in the field.(农民在田里播种。) |
6. 其他高频不规则动词
原形 (V1) |
过去式 (V2) |
过去分词 (V3) |
中文含义 |
例句 |
bite |
bit |
bitten |
咬 |
The dog bit the postman.(狗咬了邮递员。) |
choose |
chose |
chosen |
选择 |
She chose the blue dress.(她选了蓝色裙子。) |
draw |
drew |
drawn |
画 |
He drew a picture of a mountain.(他画了一幅山的画。) |
forbid |
forbade |
forbidden |
禁止 |
Smoking is forbidden here.(此处禁止吸烟。) |
swim |
swam |
swum |
游泳 |
They swam across the river.(他们游过了河。) |
7. 英美差异与双形式动词
原形 (V1) |
过去式 (V2) |
过去分词 (V3) |
中文含义 |
例句 |
burn |
burnt/burned |
burnt/burned |
燃烧 |
The fire burned all night.(火燃烧了一整夜。) |
dream |
dreamt/dreamed |
dreamt/dreamed |
做梦 |
I dreamt about flying last night.(我昨晚梦见在飞。) |
learn |
learnt/learned |
learnt/learned |
学习 |
She learnt French in school.(她在学校学了法语。) |
例句补充说明
- 完成时态:过去分词用于完成时(如:I have eaten breakfast.)。
- 被动语态:过去分词用于被动语态(如:The window was broken by the ball.)。
- 一词多义:注意动词不同含义的用法(如 hang 表“悬挂”用 hung,表“绞刑”用 hanged)。
如果需要更详细的分类或特定动词的扩展例句,请随时告诉我! 📚