Kubernetes NetworkPolicy总结

准备实验环境

创建命名空间
[root@master10 manifests]/ kubectl config set-context --namespace web --current 
Context "kubernetes-admin@kubernetes" modified.
 
创建pod web1
[root@master10 manifests]/ kubectl run web1 --image=nginx --image-pull-policy=IfNotPresent
pod/web1 created
 
生成发布文件
[root@master10 manifests]/ kubectl exec -it web1 -- bash
root@web1:/ echo Hello web1 > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html 
root@web1:/ 
exit
 
创建pod web2
[root@master10 manifests] kubectl run web2 --image=nginx --image-pull-policy=IfNotPresent
pod/web2 created
 
验证创建的pod
[root@master10 manifests] kubectl get pods --show-labels 
NAME   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     LABELS
test   1/1     Running   0          5m37s   run=test
web1   1/1     Running   0          18m     run=web1
web2   1/1     Running   0          17m     run=web2
 
生成发布文件
[root@master10 manifests] kubectl exec -it web2 -- bash
root@web2:/ echo Hello web2 > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
root@web2:/
exit
 
创建service web1和web2
[root@master10 manifests] kubectl expose pod web1 --port=80 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort
 
[root@master10 manifests] kubectl expose pod web2 --port=80 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort
 
[root@master10 manifests] kubectl get svc
NAME   TYPE       CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
web1   NodePort   10.100.150.156   <none>        80:31972/TCP   2m9s
web2   NodePort   10.108.8.97      <none>        80:31354/TCP   111s
 
创建测试pod，验证访问web1和web2 pod
[root@master10 manifests] kubectl run test --image=nginx --image-pull-policy=IfNotPresent
pod/test created
 
[root@master10 manifests] kubectl exec -it test -- curl web1
Hello web1
[root@master10 manifests] kubectl exec -it test -- curl web2
Hello web2
[root@master10 manifests] kubectl exec -it web2 -- curl web1
Hello web1

  

  集群访问：

 

  集群节点外部访问：

 

 

根据标签限定

  示例1：

  对namespace web 下的 run:web1 这个pod进行限制

       只允许 run:test这个标签的pod可以访问 web1的80端口

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: my-network-policy
  namespace: web
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      run: web1
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
  ingress:
  - from:
    - podSelector:
        matchLabels:
          run: test
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80

 

  创建策略

[root@master10 networkpolicy] kubectl create -f networkpolicy.yaml 
networkpolicy.networking.k8s.io/my-network-policy created

 

  查看策略

[root@master10 networkpolicy] kubectl describe networkpolicies.networking.k8s.io 
Name:         my-network-policy
Namespace:    web
Created on:   2022-07-04 11:37:06 +0800 CST
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>
Spec:
  PodSelector:     run=web1
  Allowing ingress traffic:
    To Port: 80/TCP
    From:
      PodSelector: run=test
  Not affecting egress traffic
  Policy Types: Ingress

 

  示例2：

       允许同一namespce中所有pod访问具有标签run:web1的pod 80 端口

       matchLabels中不使用任何标签，则允许同一ns中所有pod

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: my-network-policy
  namespace: web
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      run: web1
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
  ingress:
  - from:
    - podSelector:
        matchLabels:
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80

       也可以写成 - podSelector: {}，省略matchlabels:

 

根据ns限定

  用于限定，来源于其他namespace中pod。

 

  示例1：

  允许具有标签project: myproject的namespace中所有pod，访问当前ns中具有标签run: web1的pod 80端口。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: my-network-policy
  namespace: web
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      run: web1
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
  ingress:
  - from:
    - namespaceSelector:
        matchLabels:
          project: myproject
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80

 

  给network-test这个ns添加标签project=myproject，此时该ns中pod可以访问web1.web

kubectl label ns network-test project=myproject

  

  示例2：

  允许所有namespace中所有pod，访问当前ns中具有标签run: web1的pod 80端口。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: my-network-policy
  namespace: web
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      run: web1
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
  ingress:
  - from:
    - namespaceSelector: {}
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80

 

根据pod IP限定

  示例1：

  允许网段172.17.0.0/16但不包括子网172.17.1.0/24中主机，访问具有标签 run: web1 的pod 80端口。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: my-network-policy
  namespace: web
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      run: web1
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
  ingress:
  - from:
    - ipBlock:
        cidr: 172.17.0.0/16
        except:
        - 172.17.1.0/24
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80

 

不限定端口

  示例：

       允许具有run:test标签的pod对名为web的ns下的web1进行访问，不限制端口。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: my-network-policy
  namespace: web
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      run: web1
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
  ingress:
  - from:
    - podSelector:
        matchLabels:
          run: test

 

限定端口范围

  允许被限制的pod，同一ns下的run:test标签的pod可以访问被限制pod的32000-32768端口。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: my-network-policy
  namespace: web
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      run: web1
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
  ingress:
  - from:
    - podSelector:
        matchLabels:
          run: test
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 32000
      endPort: 32768

 

限制pod出口访问

       1、Egress-podSelector-Pod出口方向目的IP及目的端口限制-只允许访问指定的10.0.0.0/24和12.0.0.0/24地址段范围的服务端口80和服务端口53

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: my-network-policy
  namespace: web
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      run: web1
  policyTypes:
  - Egress
  egress:
  - to:
    - ipBlock:
        cidr: 10.0.0.0/24
    - ipBlock:
        cidr: 12.0.0.0/24
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
    - protocol: UDP
      port: 53
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 53

 

  2、对pod web1出口限制仅能访问web2的80和53 dns端口服务

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: my-network-policy
  namespace: web
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      run: web1
  policyTypes:
  - Egress
  egress:
  - to:
    - podSelector:
        matchLabels:
          run: we2
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 53
    - protocol: UDP
      port: 53

 

  3、限制pod web只能访问标签为project=myproject的ns下的pod资源的80和53端口服务

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: my-network-policy
  namespace: web
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      run: web1
  policyTypes:
  - Egress
  egress:
  - to:
    - namespaceSelector:
        matchLabels:
          project: myproject
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 53
    - protocol: UDP
      port: 53