Java JDBC Thin Driver 连接 Oracle 三种方法
一.JDBC 连接Oracle 说明
JDBC 的应用连接Oracle 遇到问题,错误如下:
ORA-12505,TNS:listener does not currently know of SID given in connect descriptor TheConnection descriptor used by the client was。
我在DB 层面配置了静态注册,并且GLOBAL_DBNAME和SID_NAME 不一样,以往的配置都是一样的,所以没有发现这个问题。
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dave)
(ORACLE_HOME =D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = NEWCCS)
)
http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/5543166
DBC Thin Driver 的formats 有三种格式:
格式一: Oracle JDBC Thin using a ServiceName:
jdbc:oracle:thin:@//<host>:<port>/<service_name>
Example: jdbc:oracle:thin:@//192.168.2.1:1521/XE
注意这里的格式,@后面有//, 这是与使用SID的主要区别。
这种格式是Oracle 推荐的格式,因为对于集群来说,每个节点的SID 是不一样的,但是SERVICE_NAME 确可以包含所有节点。
格式二: Oracle JDBC Thin using an SID:
jdbc:oracle:thin:@<host>:<port>:<SID>
Example: jdbc:oracle:thin:192.168.2.1:1521:X01A
Note: Support for SID is being phased out. Oracle recommends that users switch over to usingservice names.
格式三:Oracle JDBC Thin using a TNSName:
jdbc:oracle:thin:@<TNSName>
Example: jdbc:oracle:thin:@GL
Note:
Support for TNSNames was added in the driver release 10.2.0.1
二.测试
2.1 准备工作:
Oracle 是11gR2
Listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dave)
(ORACLE_HOME =D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = NEWCCS)
)
)
Tnsnames.ora
DVD =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = dave)
)
)
2.3 使用 service_name:dave
将2.2 节的dbUrl 改成如下:
String dbUrl = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@//127.0.0.1:1521/dave";
输出结果:
MGMT_VIEW--97
ANQING--94
DVD--93
SYSMAN--95
如果在11g里遇到如下错误:
测试运行Java 类,报错:
java.sql.SQLException: The Network Adapter could not establish the connection
可以尝试更换对应的 jdbc connection driver,官网的说明如下:
JDBC Thin Driver 11g Causes"Java.Sql.Sqlexception: Io Exception: The Network Adapter Could NotEstablish The Connection" While Connecting to Oracle Database 11g [ID947653.1]
Change the JDBC connection driver class inyour application server from:
oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
to
oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
2.4 使用TNS name: dvd
String dbUrl = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@dvd";
报错如下:
java.sql.SQLException: Unknown host specified
该问题是因为JVM 没有oracle.net.tns_admin的system property。 解决方法有2种:
方法一:在启动VM 时添加如下参数:
-Doracle.net.tns_admin=D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN
方法二:在java 代码里添加:
System.setProperty("oracle.net.tns_admin","D:\\app\\Administrator\\product\\11.2.0\\dbhome_1\\NETWORK\\ADMIN");
添加之后,就可以正常在JDBC中使用tnsnama了。
- 2.2 测试1,使用SID:newccs
- [java] view plaincopy
- import java.sql.*;
- public class jdbc {
- String dbUrl = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:newccs";
- String theUser = "dave";
- String thePw = "dave";
- Connection c = null;
- Statement conn;
- ResultSet rs = null;
- public jdbc() {
- try {
- Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance();
- c = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl, theUser, thePw);
- conn = c.createStatement();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public boolean executeUpdate(String sql) {
- try {
- conn.executeUpdate(sql);
- return true;
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return false;
- }
- }
- public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) {
- rs = null;
- try {
- rs = conn.executeQuery(sql);
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return rs;
- }
- public void close() {
- try {
- conn.close();
- c.close();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ResultSet rs;
- jdbc conn = new jdbc();
- rs = conn.executeQuery("select * from dave where rownum<5");
- try {
- while (rs.next()) {
- System.out.println(rs.getString("username")+"--"+rs.getString("user_id"));
- }
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- ---输出正常:
- MGMT_VIEW--97
- ANQING--94
- DVD--93
- SYSMAN--95