java基础--循环、条件语句、switch case
循环
Java中有三种主要的循环结构:
while 循环
do…while 循环
for 循环
while 循环
public class Test { public static void main(String args[]) { int x = 10; while( x < 20 ) { System.out.print("value of x : " + x ); x++; System.out.print("\n"); } } } /* value of x : 10 value of x : 11 value of x : 12 value of x : 13 value of x : 14 value of x : 15 value of x : 16 value of x : 17 value of x : 18 value of x : 19 */
do…while 循环
do…while 循环和 while 循环相似,不同的是,do…while 循环至少会执行一次。
public class Test { public static void main(String args[]){ int x = 10; do{ System.out.print("value of x : " + x ); x++; System.out.print("\n"); }while( x < 20 ); } } /* value of x : 10 value of x : 11 value of x : 12 value of x : 13 value of x : 14 value of x : 15 value of x : 16 value of x : 17 value of x : 18 value of x : 19 */
for循环
public class Test { public static void main(String args[]) { for(int x = 10; x < 20; x = x+1) { System.out.print("value of x : " + x ); System.out.print("\n"); } } } /* value of x : 10 value of x : 11 value of x : 12 value of x : 13 value of x : 14 value of x : 15 value of x : 16 value of x : 17 value of x : 18 value of x : 19 */
增强 for 循环
for(声明语句 : 表达式) { //代码句子 }
声明语句:声明新的局部变量,该变量的类型必须和数组元素的类型匹配。其作用域限定在循环语句块,其值与此时数组元素的值相等。
表达式:表达式是要访问的数组名,或者是返回值为数组的方法。
public class Test { public static void main(String args[]){ int [] numbers = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50}; for(int x : numbers ){ System.out.print( x ); System.out.print(","); } System.out.print("\n"); String [] names ={"James", "Larry", "Tom", "Lacy"}; for( String name : names ) { System.out.print( name ); System.out.print(","); } } } /* 10,20,30,40,50, James,Larry,Tom,Lacy, */
条件语句
// if...else if...else语句 public class Test { public static void main(String args[]){ int x = 30; if( x == 10 ){ System.out.print("Value of X is 10"); }else if( x == 20 ){ System.out.print("Value of X is 20"); }else if( x == 30 ){ System.out.print("Value of X is 30"); }else{ System.out.print("这是 else 语句"); } } } // Value of X is 30 // if嵌套 public class Test { public static void main(String args[]){ int x = 30; int y = 10; if( x == 30 ){ if( y == 10 ){ System.out.print("X = 30 and Y = 10"); } } } } // X = 30 and Y = 10
switch case
public class Test { public static void main(String args[]){ //char grade = args[0].charAt(0); char grade = 'C'; switch(grade) { case 'A' : System.out.println("优秀"); break; case 'B' : case 'C' : System.out.println("良好"); break; case 'D' : System.out.println("及格"); break; case 'F' : System.out.println("你需要再努力努力"); break; default : System.out.println("未知等级"); } System.out.println("你的等级是 " + grade); } } /* 良好 你的等级是 C */ //前匹配成功的 case 语句块没有 break 语句,则从当前 case 开始,后续所有 case 的值都会输出,一直到出现break public class Test { public static void main(String args[]){ int i = 1; switch(i){ case 0: System.out.println("0"); case 1: System.out.println("1"); case 2: System.out.println("2"); case 3: System.out.println("3"); break; default: System.out.println("default"); } } } /* 1 2 3 */