图的遍历

  关于图的遍历算法,一般而言包括广度优先遍历和深度优先遍历两种。其中,广度优先遍历利用队列实现,深度优先遍历利用函数的递归栈实现。为了入门的方便,在这里我们使用邻接矩阵来存储图的信息。

 对于一个节点数为n(1 ≤ n ≤ 100)且无独立节点的的图,图中有m(1 ≤ n ≤ 1000)条无向边连接x点与y点,给出遍历起始点s。下面给出对其进行广度优先遍历的实现代码:

  

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 101;
const int MAXM = 10001;
const int MAXL = 200001;

int que[MAXL];
bool book[MAXN];
int map[MAXN][MAXN];
int n, m, s, x, y, head, tail, now;

int main() {
    scanf("%d%d%d", &n, &m, &s);
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
            book[i] = false;
            if(i == j) {
                map[i][j] = 1;
            } else {
                map[i][j] = -1;
            }
        }
    }
    for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
        scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
        map[x][y] = 1;
        map[y][x] = 1;
    }
    head = 0;
    tail = 1;
    que[1] = s;
    book[s] = true;

    while(head < tail) {
        head++;
        now = que[head];
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            if(!book[i] && map[now][i] == 1) {
                tail++;
                que[tail] = i;
                book[i] = true;
            }
        }
        printf("%d ", que[head]);
    }

    return 0;
}

  

  接下来是深度优先遍历的代码实现:

  

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 101;

int map[MAXN][MAXN];
bool book[MAXN];
int n, m, s, x, y;

void dfs(int now) {
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        if(!book[i]) {
            if(map[now][i] == 1) {
                printf("%d ", i);
                book[i] = true;
                dfs(i);
            }
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    scanf("%d%d%d", &n, &m, &s);
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        book[i] = false;
        for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
            if(i == j) {
                map[i][j] = 1;
            } else {
                map[i][j] = -1;
            }
        }
    }
    for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
        scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
        map[x][y] = 1;
        map[y][x] = 1;
    }
    dfs(s);
    return 0;
}

 

 

 

  圆满完成。

  

  

posted @ 2018-08-21 21:32  potato226  阅读(161)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报