Java并发编程原理与实战十四:Lock接口的认识和使用
保证线程安全演进:
synchronized
volatile
AtomicInteger
Lock接口提供的方法:
void lock():加锁
void unlock():解锁
void lockInterruptibly():在多个线程并发获取锁的时候,那么,当有些线程拿不到锁时会等待,会不停的去抢占资源,在抢占的过程中,使用synchronized是无法进行中断的,那么,使用lockInterruptibly()方法,如果在抢占过程中发出一个中断,是可以中断的。
tryLock():非阻塞的获取锁,如果获取锁成功,返回true;否则,返回false
package com.roocon.thread.t9; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; public class Sequence { private int value; Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();//所有的线程用一把锁,来保证线程安全 public int getNext() { lock.lock(); int a = value ++; lock.unlock(); return a; } public static void main(String[] args) { Sequence s = new Sequence(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { while(true) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + s.getNext()); try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }).start(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { while(true) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + s.getNext()); try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }).start(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { while(true) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + s.getNext()); try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }).start(); } }
运行结果:
Thread-0 0 Thread-2 2 Thread-1 1 Thread-0 3 Thread-1 5 Thread-2 4 Thread-0 6 Thread-1 7 Thread-2 8 ...
Lock需要显示的获取锁和释放锁,繁琐能让代码更灵活;
使用Lock可以方便的实现公平性;public ReentrantLock(boolean fair){...}
非阻塞的获取锁;
能被中断的获取锁;
超时获取锁;(在一定时间内去获取锁)
synchronized不需要显示的获取锁和释放锁,简单
参考资料:
《javab并发编程与实战》 龙果学院