关于轮廓的各种使用

注解：楼主现在处于学习中，大部分是转载。

#include "cv.h" 
#include "highgui.h" 
#include "cvaux.h"
#include "cxcore.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

#define PI 3.14159f
void DrawBox(CvBox2D box,IplImage* img)
{
    CvPoint2D32f points[4]; 
    cvBoxPoints(box,points);

    CvPoint pt[4]; 
    for (int i=0; i<4; i++) 
    { 
        pt[i].x = (int)points[i].x; 
        pt[i].y = (int)points[i].y; 
    } 
    cvLine( img, pt[0], pt[1],CV_RGB(255,0,0), 2, 8, 0 ); 
    cvLine( img, pt[1], pt[2],CV_RGB(255,0,0), 2, 8, 0 ); 
    cvLine( img, pt[2], pt[3],CV_RGB(255,0,0), 2, 8, 0 ); 
    cvLine( img, pt[3], pt[0],CV_RGB(255,0,0), 2, 8, 0 ); 
}

void main()
{
    IplImage* img1 = cvLoadImage("5.jpg",1);
    IplImage* img1_gray =cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img1),8,1);
    cvCvtColor(img1,img1_gray,CV_BGR2GRAY);
    IplImage* img_edge1 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img1),8,1);
    cvThreshold(img1_gray,img_edge1,240,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);

    printf("图1：\n\n");
    CvMemStorage* storage1 = cvCreateMemStorage();
    CvSeq* contour1 = NULL;
    int Nc1= cvFindContours(img_edge1,storage1,&contour1,sizeof(CvContour),CV_RETR_LIST);//最后一个参数的可变性
    printf("轮廓数：%d\n",Nc1);
    
    //轮廓的矩 
    CvMoments *moments1=new CvMoments(); 
    cvMoments(contour1,moments1,0);
    //Hu矩
    CvHuMoments *huMonents1=new CvHuMoments();
    cvGetHuMoments(moments1,huMonents1);
    printf("遍历三阶矩：\n");
    for (int xOrder = 0; xOrder <= 3; xOrder++)
        for (int yOrder = 0; yOrder <= 3; yOrder++)
        {
            if (xOrder + yOrder <= 3)
            {
                double spatialMoment =cvGetSpatialMoment(moments1,xOrder, yOrder);
                double centralMoment =cvGetCentralMoment(moments1,xOrder, yOrder);
                double normalizedCentralMoment =cvGetNormalizedCentralMoment(moments1,xOrder, yOrder);
                printf("  %d,%d ： 空间距-%.2f, 中心距-%.2f, 归一化中心距-%.2f\n",xOrder,yOrder,spatialMoment,centralMoment,normalizedCentralMoment);
            }
        }
    printf("Hu矩：%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f\n",huMonents1->hu1,huMonents1->hu2,huMonents1->hu3,huMonents1->hu3,huMonents1->hu5,huMonents1->hu6,huMonents1->hu7);

    printf("\n图2：\n\n");
    IplImage* img2 = cvLoadImage("6.jpg",1);
    IplImage* img2_gray =cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img2),8,1);
    cvCvtColor(img2,img2_gray,CV_BGR2GRAY);
    IplImage* img_edge2 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img2),8,1);
    cvThreshold(img2_gray,img_edge2,128,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);

    CvMemStorage* storage2 = cvCreateMemStorage();
    CvSeq* contour2 = NULL;
    int Nc2 = cvFindContours(img_edge2,storage2,&contour2,sizeof(CvContour),CV_RETR_LIST);
    printf("轮廓数：%d\n\n",Nc2);

    printf("遍历三阶矩：\n");
    CvMoments*moments2=new CvMoments();    
    cvMoments(contour2,moments2,0);    
    CvHuMoments    *huMonents2=new CvHuMoments();
    cvGetHuMoments(moments2,huMonents2);
    for (int xOrder = 0; xOrder <= 3; xOrder++)
        for (int yOrder = 0; yOrder <= 3; yOrder++)
        {
            if (xOrder + yOrder <= 3)
            {
                double spatialMoment =cvGetSpatialMoment(moments2,xOrder, yOrder);
                double centralMoment =cvGetCentralMoment(moments2,xOrder, yOrder);
                double normalizedCentralMoment =cvGetNormalizedCentralMoment(moments2,xOrder, yOrder);
                printf("  %d,%d ： 空间距-%.2f, 中心距-%.2f, 归一化中心距-%.2f\n",xOrder,yOrder,spatialMoment,centralMoment,normalizedCentralMoment);
            }
        }
    printf("Hu矩：%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f\n",huMonents2->hu1,huMonents2->hu2,huMonents2->hu3,huMonents2->hu3,huMonents2->hu5,huMonents2->hu6,huMonents2->hu7);

    //Hu矩匹配
    double hu = cvMatchShapes(contour1,contour2,CV_CONTOURS_MATCH_I1,0);
    printf("\n\nHu矩匹配：%f\n",hu);

    //轮廓树匹配
    CvMemStorage* storage3 = cvCreateMemStorage();
    CvMemStorage* storage4= cvCreateMemStorage();
    CvContourTree* tree1 = cvCreateContourTree(contour1,storage3,200);
    CvContourTree* tree2 = cvCreateContourTree(contour2,storage4,200);
    double tree = cvMatchContourTrees(tree1,tree2,CV_CONTOURS_MATCH_I1,200);
    printf("\n轮廓树匹配：%.4f\n\n",tree);

    //将轮廓线画出
    double s1,len1,h1,d1;
    CvRect rect1;
    CvBox2D box1,ellipse1;
    CvPoint2D32f center1;
    float radius1;
    IplImage* mask1=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img1),8,1);
    IplImage* dst1=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img1),8,3);

    //轮廓的成对几何直方图匹配        
    int sizes[2] = {60, 200};
    float ranges[2][2] = {{0,PI}, {0,200}};
    float** rangesPtr = new float* [2];
    rangesPtr[0] = ranges[0];
    rangesPtr[1] = ranges[1];

    CvHistogram* hist1,*hist2;
    hist1 = cvCreateHist(2, sizes, CV_HIST_ARRAY, rangesPtr, 1);
    hist2 = cvCreateHist(2, sizes, CV_HIST_ARRAY, rangesPtr, 1);
    cvCalcPGH(contour1, hist1);    
    cvCalcPGH(contour2, hist2);
    cvNormalizeHist(hist1, 1);
    cvNormalizeHist(hist2, 1);

    double hist= cvCompareHist(hist1,hist2, CV_COMP_INTERSECT);
    printf("\n成对几何直方图匹配:%.2f\n\n\n", hist);

    printf("图1：\n\n");
    for( int i=1; contour1!= 0; contour1 = contour1->h_next,i++)   
    {   
        IplImage* img1_copy =cvCloneImage(img1);
        printf("\n第%d个轮廓：\n",i);
        CvScalar color = CV_RGB( 0, 0,255);   
        cvZero( mask1); 
        cvZero( dst1 );  
        cvDrawContours(mask1, contour1, color, color, -1, 1);//边界线的厚度，默认为 1，得到的是轮廓外形这里设置为 -1即CV_FILLED，
        //是指对轮廓内的区域进行填充,通过cvCopy可将原图轮廓中的内容保留下来
        cvCopy(img1_copy, dst1, mask1); //可将原图轮廓中的内容保留下来
        cvSaveImage("111.bmp",dst1);//debug查看效果
        s1 = fabs(cvContourArea(contour1));//轮廓面积
        printf("  轮廓面积：%f\n",s1);
        len1=cvArcLength(contour1);
        printf("  轮廓周长：%f\n",len1);
        rect1=cvBoundingRect(contour1);//轮廓的边界框
        cvRectangle(img1_copy,cvPoint(rect1.x,rect1.y),cvPoint(rect1.x+rect1.width,rect1.y+rect1.height),CV_RGB(255,255,0));
        box1=cvMinAreaRect2(contour1);//最小矩形
        DrawBox(box1,img1_copy);
        cvMinEnclosingCircle(contour1,¢er1,&radius1);//外围圆
        cvCircle(img1_copy,cvPoint((int)center1.x,(int)center1.y),radius1,CV_RGB(0,255,0));
        ellipse1=cvFitEllipse2(contour1);//外围椭圆
        cvEllipseBox(img1_copy,ellipse1,CV_RGB(0,0,255));
        cvSaveImage("222.bmp",img1_copy);//debug查看效果
        int flag=cvCheckContourConvexity(contour1);//凹凸性，检测不准确???
        if (flag)
            printf("  为凸包\n");
        else
            printf("  为凹包\n");
        CvSeq* convexHull1=cvConvexHull2(contour1,NULL,1,1);//凸外多边形
        //当return_points=0时，用cvConvexHull2函数得到的凸外形，包含的是轮廓的定点的指针或下标，
        //而当return_points为非0时，得到的是外形点的本身。大家知道计算整个轮廓或部分轮廓的面积的函数定义为： 
        cvZero( mask1); 
        cvZero( dst1 );  
        cvDrawContours(mask1,convexHull1, color, color, -1, 2);
        cvCopy(img1_copy, dst1, mask1); //可将原图轮廓中的内容保留下来
        cvSaveImage("333.bmp",dst1);//debug查看效果
        h1 = fabs(cvContourArea(convexHull1));//轮廓面积
        printf("  凸外多边形面积为：%f\n",h1);
        //CvSeq *defects1=cvConvexityDefects(contour1,convexHull1);//缺陷
        //Seq<CvConvexityDefect> defects2=cvConvexityDefects(contour1,convexHull1);//为什么都不可以
        //d1 = fabs(cvContourArea(defects1));//轮廓面积
        //printf("  缺陷面积为：%f\n",d1);
    }
    cvReleaseMemStorage(&storage1);
    cvReleaseMemStorage(&storage2);
    cvReleaseMemStorage(&storage3);
    cvReleaseMemStorage(&storage4);

}