自适应游标共享技术02(一个简单的例子来走近ACS)

为了不让其他因素干扰实验,参数设置如下:

optimizer_mode=ALL_ROWS(使用CBO)
optimizer_features_enable=11.2.0.3(使用最新的优化参数)
optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines=false(关闭SPM)
cursor_sharing=EXACT(使用真正的绑定变量)
_optim_peek_user_binds=true(一定要开启绑定变量窥视)
_optimizer_adaptive_cursor_sharing=TRUE(以下三个参数默认开启ACS)
_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing=UDO
_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing_rel=SIMPLE

--查询隐含参数:
SELECT ksppinm, ksppstvl, ksppdesc  
FROM   sys.x$ksppi x, sys.x$ksppcv y  
WHERE  x.indx = y.indx AND  ksppinm = '_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing';

建立测试场景:

#创建表
SQL> create table tab_acs(id int,value int);

#导入数据
SQL> begin
  2     for i in 1 .. 20000
  3       loop
  4         execute immediate 'insert into tab_acs values(1,'||i||')';
  5       end loop;
  6     end;
  7  /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> begin
  2     for i in 1 .. 10
  3       loop
  4         execute immediate 'insert into tab_acs values(2,'||i||')';
  5       end loop;
  6     end;
  7  /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> commit;

#创建索引
SQL> create index idx_tab_acs on tab_acs(id);

#收集统计信息
SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'TAB_ACS',method_opt=>'for all columns size skewonly');
#查看数据直方图分布
SQL> select COLUMN_NAME,HISTOGRAM from user_tab_columns where TABLE_NAME='TAB_ACS';
COLUMN_NAME                    HISTOGRAM
------------------------------ ---------------
ID                             FREQUENCY  --等频直方图
VALUE                          NONE
SQL> 

先生成一个最简单的执行计划index range scan

对于id=2来说,是相当合适的。
SQL> var v number;
SQL> exec :v :=2;
SQL> select /*comments*/ * from TAB_ACS
  2  where id = :v;
  
查询SQL_ID,HASH_VALUE:
SQL> select sql_id, hash_value,sql_text from v$sql
  2  where sql_text like '%from%TAB_ACS%';
SQL_ID        HASH_VALUE SQL_TEXT
------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9s0fn2xffhk6z 1558726879 select /*comments*/ * from TAB_ACS where id = :v

获取真实的执行计划:
--SELECT * FROM table (DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(:sqlid, NULL, 'TYPICAL LAST'))
SQL> SELECT * FROM table (DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('9s0fn2xffhk6z', NULL, 'TYPICAL LAST'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID  9s0fn2xffhk6z, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*comments*/ * from TAB_ACS where id = :v
Plan hash value: 360359870
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                   | Name        | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT            |             |       |       |     2 (100)|
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| TAB_ACS     |    10 |    70 |     2   (0)|
|*  2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN          | IDX_TAB_ACS |    10 |       |     1   (0)|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   2 - access("ID"=:V)
19 rows selected

SQL> 


从v$SQL中,可以看到这个cursor的数据:
IS_BIND_SENSITIVE=Y,表明使用绑定变量窥视来生成这次执行计划,这次执行计划是取决于这个绑定变量的。如果Oracle发现有其他的绑定变量出现,是可能生成其他的执行计划的。
IS_BIND_AWARE=N,表明Oracle还没有使用extended cursor sharing
IS_SHAREABLE=Y,表明这个cursor可以被再次使用,即能够共享;反之,设为N代表着这个cursor已经过时了,不会被再用了,这个cursor将会等待被age out出shared pool。

SQL> select CHILD_NUMBER,PLAN_HASH_VALUE,EXECUTIONS,BUFFER_GETS/EXECUTIONS BG_PER_EX,IS_BIND_SENSITIVE BS,IS_BIND_AWARE BA,IS_SHAREABLE S
  2  from v$sql where hash_value=1558726879;
CHILD_NUMBER PLAN_HASH_VALUE EXECUTIONS  BG_PER_EX BS BA S
------------ --------------- ---------- ---------- -- -- -
           0       360359870          1         16 Y  N  Y
SQL> 

 

更换绑定变量,使用id=1执行同样的SQL.
SQL> exec :v := 1;   
SQL> select /*comments*/ * from TAB_ACS
  2  where id = :v;

结果,使用绑定变量id=1的SQL使用了同样的index range scan的cursor。这其实不是我们希望的,因为id=1时明显走全表扫描cost更低。
v$SQL没怎么变,只是同样的cursor执行次数为2了。

SQL> select CHILD_NUMBER,PLAN_HASH_VALUE,EXECUTIONS,BUFFER_GETS/EXECUTIONS BG_PER_EX,IS_BIND_SENSITIVE BS,IS_BIND_AWARE BA,IS_SHAREABLE S
  2  from v$sql where hash_value=1558726879;
CHILD_NUMBER PLAN_HASH_VALUE EXECUTIONS  BG_PER_EX BS BA S
------------ --------------- ---------- ---------- -- -- -
           0       360359870          2        246 Y  N  Y
SQL> 

 

--再次执行同样的id=1的SQL。
SQL> exec :v := 1;           
SQL> select /*comments*/ * from TAB_ACS
  2  where id = :v;
.......

--获取sql_id,child_number,hash_value
SQL> select sql_id,child_number, hash_value,sql_text from v$sql
  2  where sql_text like '%from%TAB_ACS%';
  
SQL_ID        CHILD_NUMBER HASH_VALUE SQL_TEXT
------------- ------------ ---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9s0fn2xffhk6z            0 1558726879 select /*comments*/ * from TAB_ACS where id = :v
9s0fn2xffhk6z            1 1558726879 select /*comments*/ * from TAB_ACS where id = :v
SQL>

--获取真是执行计划
SQL> SELECT * FROM table (DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('9s0fn2xffhk6z', NULL, 'TYPICAL LAST'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID  9s0fn2xffhk6z, child number 1
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
select /*comments*/ * from TAB_ACS where id = :v
Plan hash value: 4258990176
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name    | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |         |       |       |    17 (100)|          |
|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| TAB_ACS | 20000 |   136K|    17   (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   1 - filter("ID"=:V)
37 rows selected

SQL>

终于,我们期望的事情发生了,新的全表扫描的执行计划产生了!(对应于CHILD_NUMBER=1,PLAN_HASH_VALUE=4258990176)
v$SQL里,新的cursor的IS_BIND_AWARE=Y。

SQL> select SQL_ID,CHILD_NUMBER,PLAN_HASH_VALUE,EXECUTIONS,BUFFER_GETS/EXECUTIONS BG_PER_EX,IS_BIND_SENSITIVE BS,IS_BIND_AWARE BA,IS_SHAREABLE S
  2  from v$sql where SQL_ID='9s0fn2xffhk6z';
  
SQL_ID        CHILD_NUMBER PLAN_HASH_VALUE EXECUTIONS  BG_PER_EX BS BA S
------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- ---------- -- -- -
9s0fn2xffhk6z            0       360359870          2        246 Y  N  N
9s0fn2xffhk6z            1      4258990176          1        266 Y  Y  Y

SQL> 

 

--再次执行id=1的SQL
SQL> exec :v := 1;           
SQL> select /*comments*/ * from TESTBYHAO
  2  where id = :v;

CHILD 1执行次数增加为2
SQL> select SQL_ID,CHILD_NUMBER,PLAN_HASH_VALUE,EXECUTIONS,BUFFER_GETS/EXECUTIONS BG_PER_EX,IS_BIND_SENSITIVE BS,IS_BIND_AWARE BA,IS_SHAREABLE S
  2  from v$sql where SQL_ID='9s0fn2xffhk6z';
SQL_ID        CHILD_NUMBER PLAN_HASH_VALUE EXECUTIONS  BG_PER_EX BS BA S
------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- ---------- -- -- -
9s0fn2xffhk6z            0       360359870          2        246 Y  N  N
9s0fn2xffhk6z            1      4258990176          2        266 Y  Y  Y

SQL> 


再次执行id=2的SQL
SQL> exec :v := 2;           
SQL> select /*comments*/ * from TESTBYHAO
  2  where id = :v;

SQL> select SQL_ID,CHILD_NUMBER,PLAN_HASH_VALUE,EXECUTIONS,BUFFER_GETS/EXECUTIONS BG_PER_EX,IS_BIND_SENSITIVE BS,IS_BIND_AWARE BA,IS_SHAREABLE S
  2  from v$sql where SQL_ID='9s0fn2xffhk6z';
SQL_ID        CHILD_NUMBER PLAN_HASH_VALUE EXECUTIONS  BG_PER_EX BS BA S
------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- ---------- -- -- -
9s0fn2xffhk6z            0       360359870          2        246 Y  N  N
9s0fn2xffhk6z            1      4258990176          2        266 Y  Y  Y
9s0fn2xffhk6z            2       360359870          1          4 Y  Y  Y

SQL> 
奇怪的事情发生了,又新生成了一个index range scan的cursor(CHILD 2),并且CHILD 0的IS_SHAREABLE=N了,表明这个cursor不再被使用了。

 

posted @ 2016-05-28 18:56  PoleStar  阅读(310)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报