PPP拨号
一、软件架构
二、应用文件含义
pppd应用调用方法：pppd call option &
option脚本：设置PPP连接
chat脚本：进行AT呼叫和控制的脚本
三、PPPOE
PPPOE协议是基于PPP协议的协议，在PPPOE应用程序中并没有将PPP协议实现，PPP协议是由PPPD这个用户空间程序实现的，PPPOE程序只实现PPPOE协议部分代码，在适当的时候PPPD程序进行PPP协议。
在PPPOE用户程序与PPPOE服务器连接后，他将会建立一个PPP0设备，此设备是在PPPD程序中进行的，如果与服务器连接成功，他将会一直存在，此设备就与正常的网卡设备一样，但他是个虚拟设备，经过此设备的数据发出去时还是从真实存在的网卡设备接口发送出去的(USB)。
四、移植
这里举例:EM770W、NL650
4.1、EM770W:
4.1.1、EM770W介绍
EM770W是华为3G WCDMA模块，支持HSPA(HSPA data rate － 7.2 Mbps DL / 2 Mbps UL),更适合于无线视频服务器和监控器。
4.1.2、EM770W接口
mini PCIE，52个引脚。
其中引脚对外数据接口包含一个全串口UART1,一个四线串口UART2，一个USB2.0。
4.1.3、EM770W连接方式
与ARM 芯片连接有两种方式：
1）UART1，速度只能达到115.200KBPS，这与HSPA 速率明显跟不上，一般不用此方式进行连接，使用环境：小量数据传输。
2）USB，使用环境：适合大量数据传输，速率更快。当使用USB接入linux中，会模拟成3个tty串口:ttyUSB0，ttyUSB1，ttyUSB2，其中一个为modem，两个串口
4.2、NL650:
4.2.1、NL650介绍：
NL650是诺控科技4G TDD-LTE/FDD-LTE模块。
4.2.2、NL650接口：
PCI express Mini Card，52个引脚。
其中引脚对外通讯接口包含一个三线串口，一个USB 2.0。
通过UART接口可以实现对NL650的AT交互，也可以作为数据通道高速接入，也可以进行GPS信息的输出接口。3线UART接口。NL650作为DCE（Data Communication Equipment），客户应用端作为DTE（Data terminal equipment）。
UART的波特率可设置为：300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200,230400；默认为115200，8N1，关流控。
4.2.3、NL650连接方式：
所以连接方式与EM770W一样，可选串口和U口，使用环境也一样。当使用USB接入linux中，会模拟成6个tty串口:ttyUSB0，ttyUSB1，ttyUSB2，ttyUSB3，ttyUSB4，ttyUSB5。
其中：
ttyUSB0 诊断端口，用于升级和调试
ttyUSB1 Modem端口，用于PPP拨号
ttyUSB2 AT端口，AT命令交互
ttyUSB3 NMEA端口，获取GPS数据
ttyUSB4 NDIS网卡，用于NDIS拨号和QMI
ttyUSB5 ADB端口，用于升级和调试
4.3、硬件驱动
4.3.1、内核配置
1）调制解调器串行驱动、U转串驱动、USB接口的调制解调器驱动
-> Device Drivers x -> USB support (USB_SUPPORT [=y]) x -> USB Serial Converter support (USB_SERIAL [=y]) x -> Selects: USB driver for GSM and CDMA modems [=m]
2）PPP内核态驱动
-> Device Drivers
-> Network device support (NETDEVICES [=y])
<*> PPP (point-to-point protocol) support
<*> PPP BSD-Compress compression
<*> PPP Deflate compression
[*] PPP filtering
<*> PPP MPPE compression (encryption) (EXPERIMENTAL)
[*] PPP multilink support (EXPERIMENTAL)
<*> PPP over Ethernet (EXPERIMENTAL)
<*> PPP support for async serial ports
<*> PPP support for sync tty ports
3）调制解调器串行驱动增加新外设支持：
a）增加新外设PID VID
vi drivers/usb/serial/option.c
#define EM770W_OPTION_VENDOR_ID 0xxxxx #define EM770W_OPTION_PRODUCT_COLT 0xxxxx
b）0xxxxx是根据产品手册决定
static struct usb_device_id option_ids[] = {
{
…
{USB_DEVICE(EM770W_OPTION_VENDOR_ID ,
EM770W_OPTION_PRODUCT_COLT) },
}
c）将ID号添加入ID结构体中
4）编译内核与驱动
根据配置为*或者M决定直接编译入内核或者编译出内核再编译模块：make uImage编译内核，或者 再用make modules编译option.ko usb_wwan.ko
a）option.ko：经过优化的串行驱动程序，高速3G调制解调器的Linux标准
b）usb_wwan.ko：USB driver for GSM and CDMA modems驱动
c）usbserial.ko：USB 串口转换驱动
驱动结构：
串行高速调制解调器驱动，需要一种制式的modem驱动（GSM and CDMA或CDC ACM），modem驱动需要将串行数据转为USB串行数据
注意事项：
先insmod usb_wwan.ko
再insmod option.ko
否则会出现
1 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_write (err 0) 2 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_close (err 0) 3 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_release (err 0) 4 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_tiocmget (err 0) 5 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_chars_in_buffer (err 0) 6 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_write_room (err 0) 7 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_disconnect (err 0) 8 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_startup (err 0) 9 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_set_termios (err 0) 10 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_dtr_rts (err 0) 11 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_open (err 0) 12 option: Unknown symbol usb_wwan_tiocmset (err 0) 13 insmod: cannot insert 'option.ko': unknown symbol in module or invalid parameter
如果出现export duplicate symbol....错误，可能是内核没有剔除option、usb_wwan驱动，重新配置内核设置USB driver for GSM and CDMA modems为M,再编译烧录
4.4、PPP用户态应用程序
4.4.1、工作流程介绍：
主流3G上网卡（CDMA，TD-SCDMS等）均为双模式（U盘模式，Modem模式），插入计算机时系统首先将其识别为USB Storage设备，在Windows平台下安装驱动后，驱动程序向上网卡发出模式转换指令，上网卡转换为Modem设备工作。但在Linux平台下一般都驱动集成入内核，就需要仿照Windows的流程进行模式转换。此外，3G上网卡没有类似Windows系统的应用软件以实现Modem初始化，需要使用pppd、wvdial等应用软件按照类似Windows下的流程实现Modem的初始化。
当然EM770W是只工作在modem模式下，所以不需要使用usb_modeswitch进行模式切换，也不需要usb_modeswitch的依赖库libusb，直接使用ppp软件进行拨号上网即可。
4.4.2、libusb移植
libusb是usb_modeswitch软件的依赖库
usblib下载网址：http://www.libusb.org/
1）ubuntu下 tar xvf libusb-1.0.9.tar.bz2
2) ./configure --host=arm-linux prefix=$PWD/tmp
3) make
4) make install
生成include lib
root@book-desktop:/mnt/hgfs/ShareUbuntu/libusb-1.0.9# ls tmp/ include lib
5) 复制头文件和库到交叉编译工具链
cp tmp/include/libusb-1.0/libusb.h /usr/local/arm/4.3.2/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr/include
cp tmp/lib/* -rfd /usr/local/arm/4.3.2/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/armv4t/lib
6) 复制动态链接库到根文件系统
cp tmp/lib/*so* -d /work/nfs_root/fs_1.24.2/lib/
4.2.3、usb_modemswitch移植
USB_ModeSwitch是一种模式切换工具，用于控制具有“多种模式”的USB设备。
出现环境前提：
越来越多的USB设备（特别是高速WAN上网卡，它基于一些手机芯片，能够改变它们的USB连接模式）都会板载它们自己的MS Windows驱动程序，当首次插入电脑时，它们会被识别为一个闪存设备，然后开始安装存储于其中的驱动程序。在安装完驱动程序之后（后面还需要再插拔一次），驱动程序就会再内部切换USB设备的连接模式，存储设备会消失（大多数情况下），然后会出现一个新的设备（例如，一个USB调制解调器）。这种首次插入是U盘的方式，称为“ZeroCD (TM)”。因为它会消除对用于承载一个独立驱动程序载体（光驱）的需求。
大多数已知的设备在两种模式下都可以工作，使用诸如“usb-storage”或“option”（一种经过优化的串行驱动程序，高速3G调制解调器的Linux标准）的Linux驱动程序。
USB_ModeSwitch从1.0.3以后的版本集成到udev（设备管理器）上，使得其工作完全自动化。你可以通过修改配置文件来设置usb_modeswitch的参数。安装时你需要安装usb-modeswitch-data的包，其中包含了设备数据库和规则文件。
1）tar xvf usb-modeswitch-2.4.0.tar.bz2
2）查看libusb动态链接库版本
book@book-desktop:/mnt/hgfs/ShareUbuntu/libusb-1.0.9/tmp/lib$ ls libusb-1.0.a libusb-1.0.so libusb-1.0.so.0.1.0 libusb-1.0.la libusb-1.0.so.0 pkgconfig
3）修改顶层Makefile
CC = arm-linux-gcc LIBS = -lusb-1.0
4）make DESTDIR=$PWD/tmp
root@book-desktop:/mnt/hgfs/ShareUbuntu/usb-modeswitch-2.4.0# make DESTDIR=$PWD/tmp sed 's_!/usr/bin/tclsh_!'"/usr/bin/tclsh"'_' < usb_modeswitch.tcl > usb_modeswitch_dispatcher
5）make DESTDIR=$PWD/tmp install
6）拷贝文件到根文件系统
cp tmp/* -rfd /work/nfs_root/fs_1.24.2/
4.2.4、modeswitch配置文件
1）tar xvf usb-modeswitch-data-20160803.tar.bz2
2）make DESTDIR=$PWD/tmp install
3）cp tmp/* -rfd /work/nfs_root/fs_1.24.2
注意：如果遇到此类错误
1 root@book-desktop:/mnt/hgfs/ShareUbuntu/usb-modeswitch-data-20160803# make DESTDIR=$PWD/tmp install 2 install -d /mnt/hgfs/ShareUbuntu/usb-modeswitch-data-20160803/tmp/usr/share/usb_modeswitch 3 install -d /mnt/hgfs/ShareUbuntu/usb-modeswitch-data-20160803/tmp/etc/usb_modeswitch.d 4 install -D --mode=644 40-usb_modeswitch.rules /mnt/hgfs/ShareUbuntu/usb-modeswitch-data-20160803/tmp/lib/udev/rules.d/40-usb_modeswitch.rules 5 install --mode=644 -t /mnt/hgfs/ShareUbuntu/usb-modeswitch-data-20160803/tmp/usr/share/usb_modeswitch ./usb_modeswitch.d/* 6 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/03f0^%002a': No such file or directory 7 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/03f0^%521d': No such file or directory 8 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/03f0^%531d': No such file or directory 9 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/03f0^%541d': No such file or directory 10 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/03f0^%581d': No such file or directory 11 install: cannot stat 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install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0471^%1210^%uMa=Wisue': No such file or directory 36 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0471^%1237': No such file or directory 37 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0482^%024d': No such file or directory 38 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/04bb^%bccd': No such file or directory 39 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/04cc^%2251': No such file or directory 40 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/04cc^%225c': No such file or directory 41 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/04cc^%226e': No such file or directory 42 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/04cc^%226f': No such file or directory 43 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/04e8^%680c': No such file or directory 44 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/04e8^%689a': No such file or directory 45 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/04e8^%f000^%sMo=U209': No such file or directory 46 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/04fc^%2140': No such file or directory 47 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/057c^%62ff': No such file or directory 48 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/057c^%84ff': No such file or directory 49 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/05c6^%0010': No such file or directory 50 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/05c6^%1000^%sVe=GT': No such file or directory 51 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/05c6^%1000^%sVe=Option': No such file or directory 52 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/05c6^%1000^%uMa=AnyDATA': No such file or directory 53 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/05c6^%1000^%uMa=CELOT': No such file or directory 54 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/05c6^%1000^%uMa=Co.,Ltd': No such file or directory 55 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/05c6^%1000^%uMa=DGT': No such file or directory 56 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/05c6^%1000^%uMa=Option': No such file or directory 57 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/05c6^%1000^%uMa=SAMSUNG': No such 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`./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%6731': No such file or directory 82 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%6751': No such file or directory 83 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%6771': No such file or directory 84 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%6791': No such file or directory 85 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%6811': No such file or directory 86 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%6911': No such file or directory 87 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%6951': No such file or directory 88 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%6971': No such file or directory 89 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%7011': No such file or directory 90 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%7031': No such file or directory 91 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%7051': No such file or directory 92 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%7071': No such file or directory 93 install: cannot stat 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cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%8600': No such file or directory 118 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%8700': No such file or directory 119 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%8800': No such file or directory 120 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%8900': No such file or directory 121 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%9000': No such file or directory 122 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%9200': No such file or directory 123 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%c031': No such file or directory 124 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%c100': No such file or directory 125 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d001': No such file or directory 126 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d013': No such file or directory 127 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d031': No such file or directory 128 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d033': No such file or directory 129 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d035': No such file or directory 130 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d055': No such file or directory 131 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d057': No such file or directory 132 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d058': No such file or directory 133 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d155': No such file or directory 134 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d157': No such file or directory 135 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d255': No such file or directory 136 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d257': No such file or directory 137 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0af0^%d357': No such file or directory 138 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0b3c^%c700': No such file or directory 139 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0b3c^%f000': No such file or directory 140 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0b3c^%f00c': No such file or directory 141 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0b3c^%f017': No such file or directory 142 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0bdb^%190d': No such file or directory 143 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0bdb^%1910': No such file or directory 144 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0cf3^%20ff': No such file or directory 145 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0d46^%45a1': No such file or directory 146 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0d46^%45a5': No such file or directory 147 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0df7^%0800': No such file or directory 148 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0e8d^%0002^%uPr=MT': No such file or directory 149 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0e8d^%0002^%uPr=Product': No such file or directory 150 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0e8d^%7109': No such file or directory 151 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0fca^%8020': No such file or directory 152 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0fce^%d0cf': No such file or directory 153 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0fce^%d0df': No such file or directory 154 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0fce^%d0e1': No such file or directory 155 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0fce^%d103': No such file or directory 156 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/0fd1^%1000': No such file or directory 157 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%1000': No such file or directory 158 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%607f': No such file or directory 159 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%610c': No such file or directory 160 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%613a': No such file or directory 161 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%613f': No such file or directory 162 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%614e': No such file or directory 163 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%6156': No such file or directory 164 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%6190': No such file or directory 165 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%61aa': No such file or directory 166 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%61dd': No such file or directory 167 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%61e7': No such file or directory 168 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%61eb': No such file or directory 169 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1004^%6327': No such file or directory 170 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1033^%0035': No such file or directory 171 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/106c^%3b03': No such file or directory 172 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/106c^%3b05': No such file or directory 173 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/106c^%3b06': No such file or directory 174 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/106c^%3b11': No such file or directory 175 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/106c^%3b14': No such file or directory 176 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1076^%7f40': No such file or directory 177 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/109b^%f009': No such file or directory 178 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/10a9^%606f': No such file or directory 179 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/10a9^%6080': No such file or directory 180 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%0fff': No such file or directory 181 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%9011': No such file or directory 182 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%9013': No such file or directory 183 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%9017': No such file or directory 184 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%901b': No such file or directory 185 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%901c': No such file or directory 186 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%901f': No such file or directory 187 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%9041': No such file or directory 188 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%9051': No such file or directory 189 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%9053': No such file or directory 190 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1199^%9063': No such file or directory 191 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1266^%1000': No such file or directory 192 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%#android': No such file or directory 193 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%#linux': No such file or directory 194 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1001': No such file or directory 195 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1003': No such file or directory 196 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1009': No such file or directory 197 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1010': No such file or directory 198 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%101e': No such file or directory 199 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1030': No such file or directory 200 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1031': No such file or directory 201 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1413': No such file or directory 202 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1414': No such file or directory 203 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1446': No such file or directory 204 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1449': No such file or directory 205 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%14ad': No such file or directory 206 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%14b5': No such file or directory 207 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%14b7': No such file or directory 208 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%14ba': No such file or directory 209 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%14c1': No such file or directory 210 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%14c3': No such file or directory 211 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%14c4': No such file or directory 212 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%14c5': No such file or directory 213 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%14d1': No such file or directory 214 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%14fe': No such file or directory 215 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1505': No such file or directory 216 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%151a': No such file or directory 217 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1520': No such file or directory 218 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1521': No such file or directory 219 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1523': No such file or directory 220 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1526': No such file or directory 221 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1527': No such file or directory 222 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1553': No such file or directory 223 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1557': No such file or directory 224 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%155a': No such file or directory 225 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%155b': No such file or directory 226 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%156a': No such file or directory 227 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1570': No such file or directory 228 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1571': No such file or directory 229 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1572': No such file or directory 230 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1573': No such file or directory 231 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%157c': No such file or directory 232 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%157d': No such file or directory 233 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1580': No such file or directory 234 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1581': No such file or directory 235 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1582': No such file or directory 236 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1583': No such file or directory 237 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1597': No such file or directory 238 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15bb': No such file or directory 239 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15c0': No such file or directory 240 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15c1': No such file or directory 241 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15ca': No such file or directory 242 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15cd': No such file or directory 243 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15ce': No such file or directory 244 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15cf': No such file or directory 245 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15d0': No such file or directory 246 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15d2': No such file or directory 247 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15e7': No such file or directory 248 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%15f0': No such file or directory 249 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1805': No such file or directory 250 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1c0b': No such file or directory 251 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1c1b': No such file or directory 252 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1c24': No such file or directory 253 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1c25': No such file or directory 254 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1d50': No such file or directory 255 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1da1': No such file or directory 256 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f01': No such file or directory 257 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f02': No such file or directory 258 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f03': No such file or directory 259 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f04': No such file or directory 260 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f05': No such file or directory 261 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f06': No such file or directory 262 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f07': No such file or directory 263 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f09': No such file or directory 264 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f11': No such file or directory 265 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f15': No such file or directory 266 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f16': No such file or directory 267 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f17': No such file or directory 268 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f18': No such file or directory 269 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f19': No such file or directory 270 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f1b': No such file or directory 271 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f1c': No such file or directory 272 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f1d': No such file or directory 273 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%1f1e': No such file or directory 274 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/12d1^%380b': No such file or directory 275 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1307^%1169': No such file or directory 276 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1410^%5010': No such file or directory 277 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1410^%5020': No such file or directory 278 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1410^%5023': No such file or directory 279 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1410^%5030': No such file or directory 280 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1410^%5031': No such file or directory 281 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1410^%5041': No such file or directory 282 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1410^%5055': No such file or directory 283 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1410^%5059': No such file or directory 284 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1410^%7001': No such file or directory 285 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1410^%9020': No such file or directory 286 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/148e^%a000': No such file or directory 287 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/148f^%2578': No such file or directory 288 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/15eb^%7153': No such file or directory 289 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1614^%0800': No such file or directory 290 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1614^%0802': No such file or directory 291 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/16d5^%f000': No such file or directory 292 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/16d8^%6281': No such file or directory 293 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/16d8^%6803': No such file or directory 294 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/16d8^%6804': No such file or directory 295 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/16d8^%700a': No such file or directory 296 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/16d8^%700b': No such file or directory 297 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/16d8^%f000': No such file or directory 298 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1726^%1900': No such file or directory 299 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1726^%f00e': No such file or directory 300 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1782^%0003': No such file or directory 301 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1782^%0023': No such file or directory 302 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/198a^%0003': No such file or directory 303 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/198f^%bccd': No such file or directory 304 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%#linux': No such file or directory 305 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0003': No such file or directory 306 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0026': No such file or directory 307 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0040': No such file or directory 308 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0053': No such file or directory 309 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0083^%uPr=WCDMA': No such file or directory 310 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0101': No such file or directory 311 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0103': No such file or directory 312 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0110': No such file or directory 313 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0115': No such file or directory 314 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0120': No such file or directory 315 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0146': No such file or directory 316 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0149': No such file or directory 317 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0150': No such file or directory 318 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0154': No such file or directory 319 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0166': No such file or directory 320 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0169': No such file or directory 321 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0198': No such file or directory 322 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0266': No such file or directory 323 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0304': No such file or directory 324 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0318': No such file or directory 325 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0325': No such file or directory 326 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0388': No such file or directory 327 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%0413': No such file or directory 328 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1001': No such file or directory 329 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1007': No such file or directory 330 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1009': No such file or directory 331 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1013': No such file or directory 332 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1017': No such file or directory 333 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1019': No such file or directory 334 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1020': No such file or directory 335 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1022': No such file or directory 336 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1026': No such file or directory 337 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1030': No such file or directory 338 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1034': No such file or directory 339 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1038': No such file or directory 340 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1042': No such file or directory 341 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1046': No such file or directory 342 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1171': No such file or directory 343 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1175': No such file or directory 344 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1179': No such file or directory 345 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1201': No such file or directory 346 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1207': No such file or directory 347 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1210': No such file or directory 348 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1216': No such file or directory 349 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1219': No such file or directory 350 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1224': No such file or directory 351 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1225': No such file or directory 352 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1227': No such file or directory 353 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1232': No such file or directory 354 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1233': No such file or directory 355 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1237': No such file or directory 356 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1238': No such file or directory 357 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1420': No such file or directory 358 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1511': No such file or directory 359 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1514': No such file or directory 360 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1517': No such file or directory 361 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1520': No such file or directory 362 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1523': No such file or directory 363 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1528': No such file or directory 364 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1536': No such file or directory 365 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1542': No such file or directory 366 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1580': No such file or directory 367 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1588': No such file or directory 368 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%1595': No such file or directory 369 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%2000': No such file or directory 370 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%2004': No such file or directory 371 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%bccd': No such file or directory 372 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%ffde': No such file or directory 373 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%ffe6': No such file or directory 374 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%fff5': No such file or directory 375 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/19d2^%fff6': No such file or directory 376 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1a8d^%1000': No such file or directory 377 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1a8d^%2000': No such file or directory 378 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ab7^%5700': No such file or directory 379 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1b7d^%0700': No such file or directory 380 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1bbb^%000f': No such file or directory 381 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1bbb^%00ca': No such file or directory 382 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1bbb^%011f': No such file or directory 383 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1bbb^%022c': No such file or directory 384 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1bbb^%025e': No such file or directory 385 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1bbb^%f000': No such file or directory 386 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1bbb^%f017': No such file or directory 387 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1bbb^%f052': No such file or directory 388 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%1001': No such file or directory 389 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%6000': No such file or directory 390 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%6061^%uPr=Storage': No such file or directory 391 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%9101': No such file or directory 392 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%9200': No such file or directory 393 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%9401': No such file or directory 394 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%9800': No such file or directory 395 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%98ff': No such file or directory 396 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%9bfe': No such file or directory 397 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%9d00': No such file or directory 398 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%9e00': No such file or directory 399 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%9e08': No such file or directory 400 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%f000': No such file or directory 401 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%f000^%uMa=USB_Modem': No such file or directory 402 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1c9e^%f010': No such file or directory 403 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1d09^%1000': No such file or directory 404 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1d09^%1021': No such file or directory 405 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1d09^%1025': No such file or directory 406 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1da5^%f000': No such file or directory 407 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1dbc^%0669': No such file or directory 408 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1dd6^%1000': No such file or directory 409 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1de1^%1101': No such file or directory 410 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1e0e^%f000': No such file or directory 411 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1e89^%f000': No such file or directory 412 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1edf^%6003': No such file or directory 413 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0003': No such file or directory 414 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0007': No such file or directory 415 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0009': No such file or directory 416 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0013': No such file or directory 417 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0018': No such file or directory 418 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0040': No such file or directory 419 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0045': No such file or directory 420 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0048': No such file or directory 421 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%004a': No such file or directory 422 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%004f': No such file or directory 423 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0054': No such file or directory 424 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0060': No such file or directory 425 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0063': No such file or directory 426 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1ee8^%0068': No such file or directory 427 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1f28^%0021': No such file or directory 428 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1fac^%0032': No such file or directory 429 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1fac^%0130': No such file or directory 430 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1fac^%0150': No such file or directory 431 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/1fac^%0151': No such file or directory 432 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%00a6': No such file or directory 433 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%7600': No such file or directory 434 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%98ff': No such file or directory 435 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a401': No such file or directory 436 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a403': No such file or directory 437 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a405': No such file or directory 438 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a406': No such file or directory 439 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a407': No such file or directory 440 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a40a': No such file or directory 441 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a40d': No such file or directory 442 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a706': No such file or directory 443 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a707': No such file or directory 444 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a708': No such file or directory 445 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a805': No such file or directory 446 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2001^%a80b': No such file or directory 447 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2015^%0001': No such file or directory 448 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/201e^%1023': No such file or directory 449 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/201e^%2009': No such file or directory 450 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2020^%0002': No such file or directory 451 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2020^%f00e': No such file or directory 452 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2020^%f00f': No such file or directory 453 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2077^%1000': No such file or directory 454 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2077^%f000': No such file or directory 455 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/20a6^%f00a': No such file or directory 456 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/20a6^%f00e': No such file or directory 457 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/20b9^%1682': No such file or directory 458 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/21f5^%1000': No such file or directory 459 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/21f5^%3010': No such file or directory 460 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2262^%0001': No such file or directory 461 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/22de^%6801': No such file or directory 462 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/22de^%6803': No such file or directory 463 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/22f4^%0021': No such file or directory 464 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/230d^%0001': No such file or directory 465 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/230d^%0003': No such file or directory 466 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/230d^%0007': No such file or directory 467 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/230d^%000b': No such file or directory 468 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/230d^%000c': No such file or directory 469 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/230d^%000d': No such file or directory 470 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/230d^%0101': No such file or directory 471 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/230d^%0103': No such file or directory 472 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2357^%0200': No such file or directory 473 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/2357^%f000': No such file or directory 474 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/23a2^%1010': No such file or directory 475 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/257a^%a000': No such file or directory 476 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/257a^%b000': No such file or directory 477 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/257a^%c000': No such file or directory 478 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/257a^%d000': No such file or directory 479 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/6000^%1000': No such file or directory 480 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/8888^%6500': No such file or directory 481 install: cannot stat `./usb_modeswitch.d/ed09^%1021': No such file or directory 482 make: *** [db-install] Error 1
是因为解压的文件夹在虚拟机与windows的共享目录中导致的。
解决办法：只需将压缩包放到buntu系统的非共享目录中解压，编译，安装就不会出现了。
4.2.5、pppd移植
1）tar xvzf ppp-2.4.5.tar.gz
2）裁剪多余符号的时候用的strip，应该使用arm-linux-strip
方法1：--strip-program=arm-linux-strip
方法2: 去掉Makefile 安装选项INSTALL -s的-s
grep "INSTALL) \-s" * -nR
1 root@book-desktop:/home/book/woo/tools/ppp-2.4.5# grep "INSTALL) \-s" * -nR 2 chat/Makefile.linux:28: $(INSTALL) -s -c chat $(BINDIR) 3 pppd/Makefile.linux:102:EXTRAINSTALL = $(INSTALL) -s -c -m 555 srp-entry $(BINDIR)/srp-entry 4 pppd/Makefile.linux:203: $(INSTALL) -s -c -m 555 pppd $(BINDIR)/pppd 5 pppd/plugins/radius/Makefile.linux:39: $(INSTALL) -s -c -m 755 radius.so $(LIBDIR) 6 pppd/plugins/radius/Makefile.linux:40: $(INSTALL) -s -c -m 755 radattr.so $(LIBDIR) 7 pppd/plugins/radius/Makefile.linux:41: $(INSTALL) -s -c -m 755 radrealms.so $(LIBDIR) 8 pppd/plugins/rp-pppoe/Makefile.linux:46: $(INSTALL) -s -c -m 4550 rp-pppoe.so $(LIBDIR) 9 pppd/plugins/rp-pppoe/Makefile.linux:48: $(INSTALL) -s -c -m 555 pppoe-discovery $(BINDIR) 10 pppdump/Makefile.linux:20: $(INSTALL) -s -c pppdump $(BINDIR) 11 pppstats/Makefile.linux:25: $(INSTALL) -s -c pppstats $(BINDIR)
3）配置
./configure --host=arm-linux --prefix=$PWD/tmp
4）编译
make CC=arm-linux-gcc
5）安装
make CC=arm-linux-gcc install
6）拷贝到根文件系统
cp tmp/* -rfd /work/nfs_root/fs_1.24.2
4.5、使用3G网卡
1）插入3G网卡
2）lsusb 查看插入usb设备的VID PID
3）依据PID VID 在下载的设备信息文件中找到相应的配置，并复制写入productXXX.cfg，并放入根文件系统etc目录下
4）切换USB为USB模拟串口，开发环境shell中输入，切换配置硬件不同内容不同需要根据插入的PID VID进行查找配置并写入
usb_modeswitch -c /etc/productXXX.cfg
5）此时lsusb会发现PID VID已经修改为cfg中target的PID VID了
6）修改option脚本
vi /etc/ppp/peers/option
将/dev/ttyUSB修改为modem的串口，串口不一定是哪个，需要测试一下
7）拨号上网：
pppd call option &
8）保存DNS配置：
cp /etc/ppp/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
如果自己写DNS配置文件，即编辑/etc/resolv.conf，规则为主机的域名搜索顺序和DNS服务器的地址，每一行应包含一个关键字和一个或多个的由空格隔开的参数。
即：
nameserver #定义DNS服务器的IP地址
domain #定义本地域名
search #定义域名的搜索列表
sortlist #对返回的域名进行排序
主要是nameserver关键字，如果没指定nameserver就找不到DNS服务器，其它关键字是可选的。
举例：
nameserver 114.114.114.114
nameserver 8.8.8.8
9）ping www.baidu.com 成功即上成功
注意：
有的网卡，不是USB driver for GSM and CDMA modems驱动
而是USB Modem (CDC ACM) support驱动，对应模块驱动cdc_acm.ko
加载驱动，插入网卡后，对应的串口是ttyACM0-2
注意：
有些网卡不能ppp拨号上网，网上查到一篇文章《中兴ZTEME3760无线模块》：http://blog.csdn.net/hdxxjhuahuo/article/details/51136444
这篇文章遇到的无线模块应该是用的RmNet拨号方式，Gobinet驱动集成了AT拨号。
好记性不如烂笔头
