python大作业（PTA_C语言课程数据爬取加可视化）

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox
from wordcloud import WordCloud
import requests

# 读取CSV文件
df = pd.read_csv(r'D:\刘立嘉老师的仓库\PTA _ 程序设计类实验辅助教学平台.csv')

# 将提交通过率百分比转换为浮点数
df['提交通过率百分比'] = df['提交通过率百分比'].str.replace(r'[\(\)%]', '', regex=True).astype(float) / 100.0

# 根据题目计算平均通过率
knowledge_points = df.groupby('题目')['提交通过率百分比'].mean().reset_index()
knowledge_points = knowledge_points.rename(columns={'提交通过率百分比': '平均通过率百分比'})

# 按照平均通过率降序排序
knowledge_points = knowledge_points.sort_values(by='平均通过率百分比', ascending=False)

# 学生掌握情况分析排序
df_sorted = df.sort_values(by='提交通过率百分比', ascending=False)

# 设置matplotlib中文字体
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 使用黑体
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 解决负号显示问题

# 主界面
class MainApplication(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.title("主界面")
        self.geometry("300x200")

        self.create_widgets()

    def create_widgets(self):
        ttk.Button(self, text="学生答题情况录入", command=self.record_student_answers).pack(pady=10)
        ttk.Button(self, text="知识点、题目分析及可视化", command=self.show_knowledge_analysis).pack(pady=10)
        ttk.Button(self, text="学生掌握情况分析及可视化", command=self.show_student_analysis).pack(pady=10)

    def record_student_answers(self):
        RecordStudentAnswersWindow(self)

    def show_knowledge_analysis(self):
        KnowledgeAnalysisWindow(self)

    def show_student_analysis(self):
        StudentAnalysisWindow(self)

class RecordStudentAnswersWindow(tk.Toplevel):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.title("学生答题情况录入")
        self.geometry("400x200")

        self.title_label = ttk.Label(self, text="标题:")
        self.title_label.pack(pady=5)
        self.title_entry = ttk.Entry(self)
        self.title_entry.pack(pady=5, padx=20, fill=tk.X)

        self.score_label = ttk.Label(self, text="分数:")
        self.score_label.pack(pady=5)
        self.score_entry = ttk.Entry(self)
        self.score_entry.pack(pady=5, padx=20, fill=tk.X)

        self.pass_rate_label = ttk.Label(self, text="提交通过率:")
        self.pass_rate_label.pack(pady=5)
        self.pass_rate_entry = ttk.Entry(self)
        self.pass_rate_entry.pack(pady=5, padx=20, fill=tk.X)

        ttk.Button(self, text="提交", command=self.submit_answer).pack(pady=10)

    def submit_answer(self):
        title = self.title_entry.get()
        score = self.score_entry.get()
        pass_rate = self.pass_rate_entry.get()

        if not title or not score or not pass_rate:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "请填写所有字段！")
            return

        try:
            score = float(score)
            pass_rate = float(pass_rate)
            
            # 读取现有的 Excel 文件数据
            try:
                df = pd.read_excel(r'D:\刘立嘉老师的仓库\python大作业\PTA _ 程序设计类实验辅助教学平台C语言.xlsx')
            except FileNotFoundError:
                df = pd.DataFrame(columns=['标题', '分数', '提交通过率1'])
                
            # 创建新的 DataFrame 并添加到现有 DataFrame 下方
            new_row = pd.DataFrame({'标题': [title], '分数': [score], '提交通过率1': [pass_rate]})
            df = pd.concat([df, new_row], ignore_index=True)
            
            # 将数据写入 Excel 文件
            df.to_excel(r'D:\刘立嘉老师的仓库\python大作业\PTA _ 程序设计类实验辅助教学平台C语言.xlsx', index=False)
            
            messagebox.showinfo("成功", "答题情况录入成功！")
        except ValueError:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "分数和提交通过率必须为数字！")

# 知识点、题目分析窗口
class KnowledgeAnalysisWindow(tk.Toplevel):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.title("知识点、题目分析及可视化")
        self.geometry("800x600")
        self.canvas = None  # 初始化canvas为None
        self.create_widgets()

    def create_widgets(self):
        self.start_entry = ttk.Entry(self)
        self.start_entry.pack(pady=5)
        self.start_entry.insert(0, "起始题号")
        self.start_entry.bind("<FocusIn>", self.clear_start_entry)

        self.end_entry = ttk.Entry(self)
        self.end_entry.pack(pady=5)
        self.end_entry.insert(0, "结束题号")
        self.end_entry.bind("<FocusIn>", self.clear_end_entry)

        ttk.Button(self, text="显示可视化", command=self.show_visualization).pack(pady=5)

        self.export_button = ttk.Button(self, text="导出图表", command=self.export_chart)
        self.export_button.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, pady=10)
        self.export_button.pack_forget()  # 初始化时隐藏导出按钮

        # 添加显示题目词云的按钮
        ttk.Button(self, text="显示题目词云", command=self.show_word_cloud).pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, pady=10)

    def clear_start_entry(self, event):
        if self.start_entry.get() == "起始题号":
            self.start_entry.delete(0, tk.END)

    def clear_end_entry(self, event):
        if self.end_entry.get() == "结束题号":
            self.end_entry.delete(0, tk.END)

    def show_visualization(self):
        try:
            start = self.start_entry.get()
            end = self.end_entry.get()
            start = int(start)
            end = int(end)
            total_questions = len(knowledge_points)
            if 1 <= start <= total_questions and 1 <= end <= total_questions:
                self.plot_visualization(start, end)
            else:
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "题号范围无效！")
        except ValueError:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "请输入有效的题号！")

    def plot_visualization(self, start, end):
        if self.canvas:  # 如果已有图表，则先销毁
            self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack_forget()
            self.canvas.get_tk_widget().destroy()
            self.canvas = None

        fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 6))
        ax.barh(knowledge_points['题目'].iloc[start-1:end], knowledge_points['平均通过率百分比'].iloc[start-1:end], color='Lavender')
        ax.set_xlabel('平均通过率')
        ax.set_ylabel('题目')
        ax.set_title(f'题目 {start} 到 {end} 的平均通过率')
        ax.invert_yaxis()
        ax.grid(axis='x', linestyle='--', alpha=0.7)
        plt.tight_layout()

        self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=self)
        self.canvas.draw()
        self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)

        self.export_button.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, pady=10)  # 显示导出按钮

    def export_chart(self):
        if self.canvas:
            file_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(defaultextension='.png', filetypes=[("PNG files", '*.png'), ("All files", '*.*')])
            if file_path:
                self.canvas.figure.savefig(file_path)

    def show_word_cloud(self):
        text = " ".join(knowledge_points['题目'])  # 将题目文本组合成一个长字符串
        wordcloud = WordCloud(font_path='simhei.ttf', background_color='white').generate(text)

        plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
        plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation='bilinear')
        plt.axis('off')
        plt.tight_layout()

        plt.show()


# 学生掌握情况分析窗口
class StudentAnalysisWindow(tk.Toplevel):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.title("学生掌握情况分析及可视化")
        self.geometry("800x600")
        self.create_widgets()

    def create_widgets(self):
        fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 6))
        ax.hist(df['提交通过率百分比'], bins=20, edgecolor='k', color='LightBlue')
        ax.set_xlabel('通过率百分比')
        ax.set_ylabel('题目数量')
        ax.set_title('题目通过率分布')
        plt.tight_layout()

        self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=self)
        self.canvas.draw()
        self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)

        # 添加显示词云的按钮
        ttk.Button(self, text="显示词云", command=self.show_word_cloud).pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, pady=10)

        # 添加保存图表的按钮
        ttk.Button(self, text="导出图表", command=self.export_chart).pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, pady=10)

    def show_word_cloud(self):
        text = " ".join(df['题目'])  # 从题目列中获取文本
        wordcloud = WordCloud(font_path='simhei.ttf', background_color='white').generate(text)

        plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
        plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation='bilinear')
        plt.axis('off')
        plt.tight_layout()

        plt.show()

    def export_chart(self):
        file_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(defaultextension='.png', filetypes=[("PNG files", '*.png'), ("All files", '*.*')])
        if file_path:
            self.canvas.figure.savefig(file_path)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = MainApplication()
    app.mainloop()