暑假集训 || AC自动机

 

HDU 2222

题意:给n个模式串和一个字符串,求有多少个模式串在这个字符串中出现

思路:裸题,注意数组开的大小

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
const int SZ = 500100;
char keystr[55];
int tot;
int fail[SZ], ch[SZ][33], sum[SZ];
char str[1000005];
void insert(char s[])
{
    int p = 0;
    int len = strlen(s);
    for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        int c = s[i] - 'a';
        if(!ch[p][c]) ch[p][c] = ++tot;
        p = ch[p][c];
    }
    sum[p]++;
}
queue<int> q;
void getfail()
{
    fail[0] = 0;
    q.push(0);
    while(q.size())
    {
        int u = q.front();
        q.pop();
        for(int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
        {
            if(ch[u][i])
            {
                if(u == 0) fail[ch[u][i]] = 0;
                else
                {
                    int v = fail[u];
                    while(v && ch[v][i] == 0) v = fail[v];
                    fail[ch[u][i]] = ch[v][i];
                }
                q.push(ch[u][i]);
            }
            else ch[u][i] = ch[fail[u]][i];
        }
    }
}

int match(char s[])
{
    int ans = 0, p = 0;
    int len = strlen(s);
    for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        int c = s[i] - 'a';
        while(p && ch[p][c] == 0) p = fail[p];
        p = ch[p][c];
        int v = p;
        while(sum[v] > 0)
        {
            ans += sum[v];
            sum[v] = 0;
            v = fail[v];
        }
    }
    return ans;
}
void init()
{
    tot = 0;
    memset(sum, 0, sizeof(sum));
    memset(ch, 0, sizeof(ch));
    memset(fail, 0, sizeof(fail));
}
int main()
{
    int T;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while(T--)
    {
        int n;
        scanf("%d", &n);
        init();
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            scanf("%s", keystr);
            insert(keystr);
        }
        getfail();
        scanf("%s", str);
        printf("%d\n", match(str));
    }
    return 0;
}
View Code

 

HDU 3065

题意:给n个模式串,一个字符串,输出在这个字符串中出现的模式串的出现次数

思路:裸题,记录idx[p] = id;//以p结尾的是第id个模式串

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
typedef long double LD;
const int SZ = 100100;
char keystr[1010][55];
int tot;
int fail[SZ];
int ch[SZ][30], idx[SZ], cnt[SZ];
char str[2000005];
void insert(char s[], int id)
{
    int p = 0;
    int len = strlen(s);
    for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        int c = s[i] - 'A';
        if(!ch[p][c]) ch[p][c] = ++tot;
        p = ch[p][c];
    }
    idx[p] = id;//以p结尾的是第id个模式串
}
queue<int> q;
void getfail()
{
    fail[0] = 0;
    q.push(0);
    while(q.size())
    {
        int u = q.front();
        q.pop();
        for(int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
        {
            if(ch[u][i])
            {
                if(u == 0) fail[ch[u][i]] = 0;
                else
                {
                    int v = fail[u];
                    while(v && ch[v][i] == 0) v = fail[v];
                    fail[ch[u][i]] = ch[v][i];
                }
                q.push(ch[u][i]);
            }
            else ch[u][i] = ch[fail[u]][i];
        }
    }
}

void match(char s[])
{
    int p = 0;
    int len = strlen(s);
    for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        int c = s[i] - 'A';
        if(s[i] < 'A' || s[i] > 'Z') c = 26;
        while(p && ch[p][c] == 0) p = fail[p];
        p = ch[p][c];
        int v = p;
        while(v)
        {
            if(idx[v] > 0) cnt[idx[v]]++;
            v = fail[v];
        }
    }
}

void init()
{
    tot = 0;
    memset(cnt, 0, sizeof(cnt));
    memset(ch, 0, sizeof(ch));
    memset(fail, 0, sizeof(fail));
    memset(idx, 0, sizeof(idx));
}
int main()
{
    int n;
    while(~scanf("%d", &n))
    {
        init();
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            scanf("%s", keystr[i]);
            insert(keystr[i], i);
        }
        getfail();
        scanf("%s", str);
        match(str);
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
            if(cnt[i]) printf("%s: %d\n", keystr[i], cnt[i]);
    }
    return 0;
}
View Code

 

ZOJ 3228

题意:给n个模式串,一个字符串,分别求每个模式串在字符串中出现的次数,其中输入中0表示可以覆盖着出现,1表示不能

思路:如果没有1那种情况就是裸题,1的情况下

用last[i]记录Trie节点i在上一次匹配时所对应的字符在文本串中的位置。

用pos[i]记录Trie节点i所对应的字符在模式串中的位置。

没有重叠的判断 —— 当前字符位置 - last[当前节点] >= pos[当前节点]。

abababac - aba

pos[1] = 1  pos[2] = 2  pos[3] = 3

i = 4时,last[3] = 2 pos[3] = 3 而i - last[3] < pos[3] 所以不行

3再往前到1,last[1] = 2 pos[1] = 1 可以了,然后last[1] = 4,节点1匹配到了文本串中的第4位

太高端了。。。。

卡数组大小,记得开n*len的

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
typedef long double LD;
const int SZ = 600100;
char keystr[10];
int tot;
int fail[SZ];
int ch[SZ][30], idx[SZ], cnt[2][SZ];
int last[SZ], pos[SZ], typ[SZ];
char str[100005];
void insert(char s[], int id)
{
    int p = 0;
    int len = strlen(s);
    for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        int c = s[i] - 'a';
        if(!ch[p][c]) ch[p][c] = ++tot;
        p = ch[p][c];
        pos[p] = i+1;
    }
    idx[id] = p;
}
queue<int> q;
void getfail()
{
    fail[0] = 0;
    q.push(0);
    while(q.size())
    {
        int u = q.front();
        q.pop();
        for(int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
        {
            if(ch[u][i])
            {
                if(u == 0) fail[ch[u][i]] = 0;
                else
                {
                    int v = fail[u];
                    while(v && ch[v][i] == 0) v = fail[v];
                    fail[ch[u][i]] = ch[v][i];
                }
                q.push(ch[u][i]);
            }
            else ch[u][i] = ch[fail[u]][i];
        }
    }
}

void match(char s[])
{
    int p = 0;
    int len = strlen(s);
    for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        int c = s[i] - 'a';
        p = ch[p][c];
        int v = p;
        while(v)
        {
            cnt[0][v]++;
            if(i - last[v] >= pos[v])
            {
                cnt[1][v]++;
                last[v] = i;
            }
            v = fail[v];
        }
    }
}

void init()
{
    tot = 0;
    memset(cnt, 0, sizeof(cnt));
    memset(ch, 0, sizeof(ch));
    memset(last, -1, sizeof(last));
    memset(pos, 0, sizeof(pos));
}
int main()
{
    int n, tt = 0;
    while(~scanf("%s", str))
    {
        init();
        scanf("%d", &n);
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            scanf("%d %s", &typ[i], keystr);
            insert(keystr, i);
        }
        getfail();
        match(str);
        printf("Case %d\n", ++tt);
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            printf("%d\n", cnt[typ[i]][idx[i]]);
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}
View Code

 

HDU 2457 AC自动机+DP

题意:给n种病毒序列(只含ACGT),给一串基因,为最少修改多少个碱基(?)能使得其中不含病毒,如果不能做到则输出-1

思路:考虑神仙DP

f[i][j] 表示文本串的前 i 个字符,处于 Trie 图的节点 j 且不 经过终止节点(危险节点)的最少修改个数

每个点的是否是终止节点:如果它或它顺着 fail 函数能达到 的点中有一个是终止节点,那么它也是终止节点

这个讲的蛮明白的:https://blog.csdn.net/human_ck/article/details/6577142

转移方程:dp[i+1][ch[p][j]] = min(dp[i+1][ch[p][j]], dp[i][p] + (j == c ? 0 : 1)); //j表示枚举把这个非危险节点的点修改成什么,如果和原来相同则操作数不变,如果不同则+1

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
const int SZ = 1010;
const int INF = 1000000100;
char keystr[22];
int tot;
int fail[SZ];
int ch[SZ][6], dp[1010][SZ];
char str[1005];
bool flag[SZ];
int tran(char c)
{
    if(c == 'A') return 1;
    if(c == 'G') return 2;
    if(c == 'C') return 3;
    if(c == 'T') return 4;
}
void insert(char s[])
{
    int p = 0;
    int len = strlen(s);
    for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        int c = tran(s[i]);
        if(!ch[p][c]) ch[p][c] = ++tot;
        p = ch[p][c];
    }
    flag[p] = true;
}
queue<int> q;
void getfail()
{
    fail[0] = 0;
    q.push(0);
    while(q.size())
    {
        int u = q.front();
        q.pop();
        for(int i = 1; i <= 4; i++)
        {
            if(ch[u][i])
            {
                if(u == 0) fail[ch[u][i]] = 0;
                else
                {
                    int v = fail[u];
                    while(v && ch[v][i] == 0) v = fail[v];
                    fail[ch[u][i]] = ch[v][i];
                }
                if(flag[fail[ch[u][i]]]) flag[ch[u][i]] = true;
                q.push(ch[u][i]);
            }
            else ch[u][i] = ch[fail[u]][i];
        }
    }
}

void match(char s[])
{
    int p = 0;
    int len = strlen(s);
    for(int i = 0; i <= len; i++)
        for(int j = 0; j <= tot; j++)
            dp[i][j] = INF;
    dp[0][0] = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        int c = tran(s[i]);
        for(p = 0; p <= tot; p++)
        {
            if(dp[i][p] == INF) continue;
            for(int j = 1; j <= 4; j++)
            {
                if(flag[ch[p][j]]) continue;
                dp[i+1][ch[p][j]] =  min(dp[i+1][ch[p][j]], dp[i][p] + (j == c ? 0 : 1));
            }
        }
    }
}

void init()
{
    tot = 0;
    memset(ch, 0, sizeof(ch));
    memset(fail, 0, sizeof(fail));
    memset(flag, false, sizeof(flag));
}
int main()
{
    int n, tt = 0;
    while(scanf("%d", &n) && n)
    {
        init();
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            scanf("%s", keystr);
            insert(keystr);
        }
        getfail();
        scanf("%s", str);
        int len = strlen(str);
        match(str);
        int minn = INF;
        for(int i = 0; i <= tot; i++)
            if(!flag[i]) minn = min(minn, dp[len][i]);
        if(minn == INF) minn = -1;
        printf("Case %d: %d\n", ++tt, minn);
    }
    return 0;
}
View Code

 

OTZ

 

posted @ 2018-08-28 20:55  舒羽倾  阅读(133)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报