Springcloud zuul 实现API 网关

1,https://github.com/Netflix/zuul zuul 网关文档

2,什么是网关

     网关就是客户端进行访问的时候,先经过网关服务器,再由网关服务器进行转发到真实的服务器。类似于Nginx 

     Nginx也可以搭建网关,但是由于Nginx是C语言开发的,在网关上添加一些功能比较麻烦。

     Zuul 是java 写的网关框架,所以实现功能比较简单。

     

     Nginx 也可以实现转发,做负载均衡,不过是服务器端的负载均衡。

     zuul 网关进行负载均衡,是依赖Ribbon和Eureka,实现本地的负载均衡。

 

 3,网关的作用

      一般来说,公司搭建的内网网关就是微服务网关,是基于整个微服务项目。所以可以做一些去权限,日志打印,负载均衡,监控等作用。

 4,和过滤器的区别

       之前在安全架构的时候,实现防盗链等技术,或者是url 转码。都是共同过滤器,或者拦截器来实现的,是基于单个服务应用。如果每个服务都要写这些功能,还是要放在网关里面比较好。

 

5,

,

 

zuul,projectA,projectB 全都要注册到注册中心eureka上,让eureka 来管控:  

step1: 建立eureka 服务

server:
  port: 8100
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: server1
  client:
    serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false

启动类:

package com.aiyuesheng;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaApplication {
    public static void main(final String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class, args);
    }
}

step2: projectA

server:
  port: 8000
spring:
    application:
        name: projectA
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
           defaultZone: http://localhost:8100/eureka

启动类:

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
    }
}

controller:

@RestController
public class Index {
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String index() {
        return "PROJECTA";
    }
}

step2: projectB

server:
  port: 8001
spring:
    application:
        name: projectB
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
           defaultZone: http://localhost:8100/eureka

启动类:

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
    }
}

controller:

@RestController
public class Index {
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String index() {
        return "PROJECTB";
    }
}

step4: zuul 配置网关

maven:

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <!-- 管理依赖 -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Finchley.M7</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合eureka客户端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <!-- 注意: 这里必须要添加, 否者各种依赖有问题 -->
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
View Code

配置文件:

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8100/eureka/
server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  application:
    name: service-zuul
zuul:
  routes:
    projectA:
      path: /projectA/**
      serviceId: projectA
    projectB:
      path: /projectB/**
      serviceId: projectB

启动类:

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ZuulApplication  {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
    }
//    @Bean
//    public TokenFilter accessFilter() {
//        return new TokenFilter();
//    }
}

 

先启动eureka 注册中心,再启动其他三个服务,启动之后,可以web 页面查看服务是否注册上去:

 

我就可以通过网关配置的routes 

  routes:
    projectA:
      path: /projectA/**
      serviceId: projectA
    projectB:
      path: /projectB/**
      serviceId: projectB

 

127.0.0.1/projectA  就自动跳到A项目

127.0.0.1/projectB  就自动跳到B项目

 

6,zuul 网关默认整合了Ribbon

7,  zuul 网关,由权限控制,拦截的功能,ZuulFilter 

public class TokenFilter extends ZuulFilter {

    public Object run() throws ZuulException {
        RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
        HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
        Object accessToken = request.getParameter("accessToken");
        if (accessToken == null) {
            // 返回错误信息
            ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
            ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
            ctx.setResponseBody("accessToken is null");
            return null;
        }
        return null;
    }

    public boolean shouldFilter() {
        return true;// 是否执行该过滤器,此处为true,说明需要过滤
    }

    @Override
    public int filterOrder() {
        return 0;// 优先级为0,数字越大,优先级越低
    }

    @Override
    public String filterType() {
        System.out.println("sss");
        return "pre"; // 前置过滤器
    }

}

 

posted @ 2019-08-01 17:35  Chris,Cai  阅读(330)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报