实验2 类和对象_基础编程1

task 1:

t.h

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include <string>
 4 
 5 // 类T: 声明
 6 class T {
 7 // 对象属性、方法
 8 public:
 9     T(int x = 0, int y = 0);   // 普通构造函数
10     T(const T &t);  // 复制构造函数
11     T(T &&t);       // 移动构造函数
12     ~T();           // 析构函数
13 
14     void adjust(int ratio);      // 按系数成倍调整数据
15     void display() const;           // 以(m1, m2)形式显示T类对象信息
16 
17 private:
18     int m1, m2;
19 
20 // 类属性、方法
21 public:
22     static int get_cnt();          // 显示当前T类对象总数
23 
24 public:
25     static const std::string doc;       // 类T的描述信息
26     static const int max_cnt;           // 类T对象上限
27 
28 private:
29     static int cnt;         // 当前T类对象数目
30 
31 // 类T友元函数声明
32     friend void func();
33 };
34 
35 // 普通函数声明
36 void func();

t.cpp

 1 // 类T: 实现
 2 // 普通函数实现
 3 
 4 #include "t.h"
 5 #include <iostream>
 6 #include <string>
 7 
 8 using std::cout;
 9 using std::endl;
10 using std::string;
11 
12 // static成员数据类外初始化
13 const std::string T::doc{"a simple class sample"};
14 const int T::max_cnt = 999;
15 int T::cnt = 0;
16 
17 
18 // 对象方法
19 T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} { 
20     ++cnt; 
21     cout << "T constructor called.\n";
22 } 
23 
24 T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
25     ++cnt;
26     cout << "T copy constructor called.\n";
27 }
28 
29 T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
30     ++cnt;
31     cout << "T move constructor called.\n";
32 }    
33 
34 T::~T() {
35     --cnt;
36     cout << "T destructor called.\n";
37 }           
38 
39 void T::adjust(int ratio) {
40     m1 *= ratio;
41     m2 *= ratio;
42 }    
43 
44 void T::display() const {
45     cout << "(" << m1 << ", " << m2 << ")" ;
46 }     
47 
48 // 类方法
49 int T::get_cnt() {
50    return cnt;
51 }
52 
53 // 友元
54 void func() {
55     T t5(42);
56     t5.m2 = 2049;
57     cout << "t5 = "; t5.display(); cout << endl;
58 }

task1.cpp

 1 #include "t.h"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 
 4 using std::cout;
 5 using std::endl;
 6 
 7 void test();
 8 
 9 int main() {
10     test();
11     cout << "\nmain: \n";
12     cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
13 }
14 
15 void test() {
16     cout << "test class T: \n";
17     cout << "T info: " << T::doc << endl;
18     cout << "T objects'max count: " << T::max_cnt << endl;
19     cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl << endl;
20 
21 
22     T t1;
23     cout << "t1 = "; t1.display(); cout << endl;
24 
25     T t2(3, 4);
26     cout << "t2 = "; t2.display(); cout << endl;
27 
28     T t3(t2);
29     t3.adjust(2);
30     cout << "t3 = "; t3.display(); cout << endl;
31 
32     T t4(std::move(t2));
33     cout << "t3 = "; t4.display(); cout << endl;
34 
35     cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
36 
37     func();
38 }

task1运行测试结果截图:

 问题1：

缺少fun函数的定义。

问题2：

普通构造函数:

复制构造函数:用于通过一个已存在的对象来创建一个新对象。

移动构造函数:用于通过一个临时对象来创建一个新对象。

析构函数:释放内存。

问题3：

不能。

task2:

Complex.h:

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include<vector>
 3 #include<string>
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 
 6 class Complex{
 7     public:
 8         Complex (double a=0,double b=0);
 9         Complex (const Complex &other);
10         add(const Complex &other);
11     private:
12         double real;
13         double imag;
14     public:
15         static const std::string doc;
16         double get_real() const;
17         double get_imag() const;
18         friend bool is_equal(const Complex c1,const Complex c2);
19         friend bool is_not_equal(const Complex c1,const Complex c2);
20         friend Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
21         friend void output(const Complex &c);
22         friend double abs(const Complex c);
23         ~Complex();
24 };

 

Complex.cpp:

 1 #include "Complex.h"
 2 #include<cmath>
 3 #include <iostream>
 4 #include<string>
 5 using std::cout;
 6 using std::endl;
 7 using std::boolalpha;
 8 
 9 Complex::Complex(double a,double b):real{a},imag{b} {}
10 
11 Complex::Complex(const Complex &other)
12 {
13     real=other.real;imag=other.imag;
14 }
15 
16 const std::string Complex::doc{"a simplified complex class"};
17 
18 double Complex::get_real() const{return real;}
19 
20 double Complex::get_imag() const{return imag;}
21 
22 bool is_equal(const Complex c1,const Complex c2)
23 {
24     if(c1.real==c2.real&&c1.imag==c2.imag)
25         return true;
26     else
27         return false;
28 }
29 
30 bool is_not_equal(const Complex c1,const Complex c2)
31 {
32     if(c1.real!=c2.real||c1.imag!=c2.imag)
33         return true;
34     else
35         return false;
36 }
37 
38 Complex::add(const Complex &other)
39 {
40     real=other.real+real;
41     imag=other.imag+imag;
42 }
43 
44 Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2)
45 {
46     Complex sum(0,0);
47     sum.real=c1.real+c2.real;
48     sum.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;
49     return sum;
50 }
51 void output(const Complex &c)
52 {
53     cout<<c.real<<"+"<<c.imag<<"i"<<endl;
54 }
55 
56 double abs(const Complex c)
57 {
58     double h;
59     h=sqrt(c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag);
60     return h;
61 }
62 
63 Complex::~Complex() {}

 

task2.cpp:

 

 1 #include "Complex.h"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 #include <cmath>
 4 
 5 using std::cout;
 6 using std::endl;
 7 using std::boolalpha;
 8 
 9 void test() {
10     cout << "类成员测试: " << endl;
11     cout << Complex::doc << endl;
12 
13     cout << endl;
14 
15     cout << "Complex对象测试: " << endl;
16     Complex c1;
17     Complex c2(3, -4);
18     const Complex c3(3.5);
19     Complex c4(c3);
20 
21     cout << "c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
22     cout << "c2 = "; output(c2); cout << endl;
23     cout << "c3 = "; output(c3); cout << endl;
24     cout << "c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
25     cout << "c4.real = " << c4.get_real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.get_imag() << endl;
26 
27     cout << endl;
28 
29     cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
30     cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
31     c1.add(c2);
32     cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
33     cout << boolalpha;
34     cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
35     cout << "c1 != c3 : " << is_not_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
36     c4 = add(c2, c3);
37     cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
38 }
39 
40 int main(){
41     test();
42 }

 

task2运行测试结果截图:

 

 

task3:

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <complex>
 3 using std::cout;
 4 using std::endl;
 5 using std::boolalpha;
 6 using std::complex;
 7 void test() {
 8 cout << "标准库模板类comple测试: " << endl;
 9 complex<double> c1;
10 complex<double> c2(3, -4);
11 const complex<double> c3(3.5);
12 complex<double> c4(c3);
13 cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
14 cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
15 cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
16 cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
17 cout << "c4.real = " << c4.real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.imag() <<
18 endl;
19 cout << endl;
20 cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
21 cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
22 c1 += c2;
23 cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = " << c1 << endl;
24 cout << boolalpha;
25 cout << "c1 == c2 : " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
26 cout << "c1 != c3 : " << (c1 != c3) << endl;
27 c4 = c2 + c3;
28 cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = " << c4 << endl;
29 }
30 int main() {
31 test();
32 }

 

task3运行测试结果截图:

 

task4:

Fraction.h

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 #include <string>
 4 #include <cstdlib>
 5 
 6 using namespace std;
 7 
 8 class Fraction{
 9     public:
10         Fraction();
11         Fraction(int u);
12         Fraction(int u,int d);
13         Fraction(const Fraction &f);
14 
15         static const string doc;
16 
17     private:
18         int up,down;
19 
20     public:
21         int get_up() const;
22         int get_down() const;
23         Fraction negative();
24 
25     friend void output(Fraction f);
26     friend Fraction add(Fraction f1,Fraction f2);
27     friend Fraction sub(Fraction f1,Fraction f2);
28     friend Fraction mul(Fraction f1,Fraction f2);
29     friend Fraction div(Fraction f1,Fraction f2);
30 };

 

 Fraction.cpp:

  1 #include "Fraction.h"
  2 
  3 using namespace std;
  4 
  5 Fraction::Fraction() {
  6     up=1;
  7     down=1;
  8 }
  9 
 10 Fraction::Fraction(int u) {
 11     up=u;
 12     down=1;
 13 }
 14 
 15 Fraction::Fraction(int u,int d) {
 16     up=u;
 17     down=d;
 18 }
 19 
 20 Fraction::Fraction(const Fraction &f) {
 21     up=f.up;
 22     down=f.down;
 23 }
 24 
 25 const string Fraction::doc{"Fraction类 v 0.01版.\n目前仅支持分数对象的构造、输出、加/减/乘/除运算"};
 26 
 27 int Fraction::get_up() const {
 28 
 29     if(!up && down)
 30         return 0;
 31     else if(down){
 32         int up1=up,down1=down;
 33         int r=up1%down1;
 34         while(r){
 35             up1=down1;
 36             down1=r;
 37             r=up1%down1;
 38         }
 39         r=down1;
 40         up1=up/r;
 41         return up1;
 42     }
 43 }
 44 int Fraction::get_down() const {
 45     if(down){
 46         int up1=up,down1=down;
 47         int r=up1%down1;
 48         while(r){
 49             up1=down1;
 50             down1=r;
 51             r=up1%down1;
 52         }
 53         r=down1;
 54         down1=down/r;
 55         return down1;
 56     }
 57     else{
 58         cout<<"分母不能为0";
 59         return 0;
 60     }
 61 }
 62 Fraction Fraction::negative() {
 63     Fraction f0;
 64     f0.up=-up;
 65     f0.down=down;
 66     return f0;
 67 }
 68 
 69 void output(Fraction f){
 70     int up1=f.get_up(),down1=f.get_down();
 71     if(!up1 && down1)
 72         cout<<0;
 73     else if(down1){
 74     int flag=1;
 75     if(up1*down1<0)
 76         flag=-1;
 77 
 78     up1=abs(up1);
 79     down1=abs(down1);
 80     cout<<flag*up1<<'/'<<down1;
 81     }
 82 
 83 }
 84 
 85 Fraction add(Fraction f1,Fraction f2){
 86     Fraction f0;
 87     int up1=f1.up,down1=f1.down,up2=f2.up,down2=f2.down;
 88 
 89     int flag1=1,flag2=1;
 90     if(up1*down1<0)
 91         flag1=-1;
 92     if(up2*down2<0)
 93         flag2=-1;
 94 
 95     up1=abs(up1);
 96     up2=abs(up2);
 97     down1=abs(down1);
 98     down2=abs(down2);
 99 
100     int down_m;
101     int r=down1%down2;
102     while(r){
103         down1=down2;
104         down2=r;
105         r=down1%down2;
106     }
107     r=down2;
108 
109     down1=abs(f1.down);
110     down2=abs(f2.down);
111 
112     down_m=down1*down2/r;
113     up1*=down_m/down1;
114     up2*=down_m/down2;
115 
116     f0.up=flag1*up1+flag2*up2;
117     f0.down=down_m;
118     return f0;
119 }
120 
121 Fraction sub(Fraction f1,Fraction f2){
122     Fraction f0=add(f1,f2.negative());
123     return f0;
124 }
125 
126 
127 Fraction mul(Fraction f1,Fraction f2){
128     Fraction f0;
129     f0.up=f1.up*f2.up;
130     f0.down=f1.down*f2.down;
131     return f0;
132 }
133 
134 Fraction div(Fraction f1,Fraction f2){
135     Fraction f0;
136     f0.up=f1.up*f2.down;
137     f0.down=f1.down*f2.up;
138     return f0;
139 }

 

 task4.cpp:

 1 #include "Fraction.h"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 
 4 using std::cout;
 5 using std::endl;
 6 
 7 
 8 void test1() {
 9     cout << "Fraction类测试: " << endl;
10     cout << Fraction::doc << endl << endl;
11 
12     Fraction f1(5);
13     Fraction f2(3, -4), f3(-18, 12);
14     Fraction f4(f3);
15     cout << "f1 = "; output(f1); cout << endl;
16     cout << "f2 = "; output(f2); cout << endl;
17     cout << "f3 = "; output(f3); cout << endl;
18     cout << "f4 = "; output(f4); cout << endl;
19 
20     Fraction f5(f4.negative());
21     cout << "f5 = "; output(f5); cout << endl;
22     cout << "f5.get_up() = " << f5.get_up() << ", f5.get_down() = " << f5.get_down() << endl;
23 
24     cout << "f1 + f2 = "; output(add(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
25     cout << "f1 - f2 = "; output(sub(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
26     cout << "f1 * f2 = "; output(mul(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
27     cout << "f1 / f2 = "; output(div(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
28     cout << "f4 + f5 = "; output(add(f4, f5)); cout << endl;
29 }
30 
31 void test2() {
32     Fraction f6(42, 55), f7(0, 3);
33     cout << "f6 = "; output(f6); cout << endl;
34     cout << "f7 = "; output(f7); cout << endl;
35     cout << "f6 / f7 = "; output(div(f6, f7)); cout << endl;
36 }
37 
38 int main() {
39     cout << "测试1: Fraction类基础功能测试\n";
40     test1();
41 
42     cout << "\n测试2: 分母为0测试: \n";
43     test2();
44 }

 

task4运行测试结果截图:

 

task5:

 5.h:

 1 #ifndef __ACCOUNT_H__
 2 #define __ACCOUNT_H__
 3 
 4 class SavingAccount {
 5 private:
 6     int id;
 7     double balance;
 8     double rate;
 9     int lastDate;
10     double accumulation;
11 
12     static double total;
13 
14     void record(int data, double amount);
15     double accumulate(int date) const {
16         return accumulation + balance * (date - lastDate);
17     }
18 
19 public:
20     SavingAccount(int date, int id, double rate);
21     int getId() const { return id; }
22     double getBalance() const { return balance; }
23     double getRate() const { return rate; }
24 
25     static double getTotal() { return total; }
26 
27     void deposit(int date, double amount);
28     void withdraw(int date, double amount);
29 
30     void settle(int date);
31 
32     void show() const;
33 };

 

5.cpp:

 1 #include "5.h"
 2 #include <cmath>
 3 #include <iostream>
 4 using namespace std;
 5 
 6 double SavingAccount::total = 0;
 7 
 8 SavingAccount::SavingAccount(int date, int id, double rate)
 9     : id{ id }, balance{ 0 }, rate{ rate }, lastDate{ date }, accumulation{ 0 } {
10     cout << date << "\t#" << id << "is created" << endl;
11 }
12 
13 void SavingAccount::record(int date, double amount) {
14     accumulation = accumulate(date);
15     lastDate = date;
16     amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
17     balance += amount;
18     total += amount;
19     cout << date << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << endl;
20 }
21 
22 void SavingAccount::deposit(int date, double amount) {
23     record(date, amount);
24 }
25 
26 void SavingAccount::withdraw(int date, double amount) {
27     if (amount > getBalance())
28         cout << "Error: not enough money" << endl;
29     else
30         record(date, -amount);
31 }
32 
33 void SavingAccount::settle(int date) {
34     double interest = accumulate(date) * rate / 365;
35     if (interest != 0)
36         record(date, interest);
37     accumulation = 0;
38 }
39 
40 void SavingAccount::show() const {
41     cout << "#" << id << "\tBalance: " << balance;
42 }

 

task5.cpp:

 1 #include "5.h"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     SavingAccount sa0(1, 21325302, 0.015);
 7     SavingAccount sa1(1, 58320212, 0.015);
 8 
 9     sa0.deposit(5, 5000);
10     sa1.deposit(25, 10000);
11     sa0.deposit(45, 5500);
12     sa1.deposit(60, 4000);
13 
14     sa0.settle(90);
15     sa1.settle(90);
16 
17     sa0.show(); cout << endl;
18     sa1.show(); cout << endl;
19     cout << "Total: " << SavingAccount::getTotal() << endl;
20 }

 

task5运行测试结果截图:

 

 

posted @ 2024-10-26 20:07  雪藏的熊  阅读(9)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报