自己动手制作数据字典
--数据库表名及字段名都无数据字典，现在补充上。
--暂时想到如下笨办法：
--思路，分两步，一是填写表的字典。二是填写表中字段的字典。
--将表名导出到Table_Description
--将列名导出到Column_Description
--然后填写上Description，最后调用存储过程，分别更新或添加字典到表和字段上。
--最后，利用三视图，显示数据字典：表结构，索引，全部用户对象。表结果是重点。
--在SQL查询分析器中按Ctrl+T执行后，把----替换掉，再另存结果集为.html文件。
--也可以用动软生成Word或Html形式。
一、开始：导出表信息到Table_Description表
创建Table_Description表
create table Table_Description
(TableName nvarchar(50),Descriptions nvarchar(255),RowCounts int,IsUsed bit) 载入用户表到Table_Description表
insert into Table_Description (TableName)
select name from sys.tables a where name not in ('sysdiagrams','Table_Description','Column_Description')
and not exists (select 1 from Table_Description where TableName=a.name)
order by name统计表记录行总数代码示例：
select schema_name(t.schema_id) as [Schema], t.name as TableName,i.rows as [RowCount]
from sys.tables as t, sysindexes as i
where t.object_id = i.id and i.indid <=1
更新表记录行总数
update a set rowcounts=b.[rowcount] from Table_Description a,
(select schema_name(t.schema_id) as [Schema], t.name as TableName,i.rows as [RowCount]
from sys.tables as t, sysindexes as i
where t.object_id = i.id and i.indid <=1) b
where a.TableName=b.TableName
单独填写各表的字典
update Table_Description set Descriptions='客户资料表.主档',isused=1 where TableName='KFZL'
删除无用资料字典表
delete from Table_Description where isnull(IsUsed,0)=0
到此字典表Table_Description填写完毕，结果如下图：
二、载入字典表的全部列到Column_Description表
载入字典表的全部列
create table Column_Description
(TableName nvarchar(50),ColumnName nvarchar(50),Descriptions nvarchar(255),IsUsed bit)
insert into Column_Description (TableName,ColumnName)
select b.TableName,a.name from sys.all_columns a,Table_Description b
where a.object_id = object_id(b.TableName) and b.IsUsed=1
and not exists (select 1 from Column_Description c where b.TableName=c.TableName and a.name=c.ColumnName)
order by b.TableName,a.column_id
导出Column_Description到Excel进行字典填写，填写完后，回传到Column_Description表中。效果图如下：
三、批量添加数据表的字典描述
declare @TableName nvarchar(50),@Descriptions nvarchar(255)
declare cur cursor for
select tablename,descriptions from table_description where isnull(descriptions,'')<>'' order by tablename
open cur
fetch next from cur into @TableName,@Descriptions
while (@@fetch_status=0)
begin
IF EXISTS (select 1 from sys.extended_properties WHERE name='MS_Description' and major_id=OBJECT_ID(''+@TableName+'') and minor_id=0)
begin
EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty N'MS_Description',@Descriptions,N'SCHEMA',N'dbo',N'TABLE',@TableName
end
else
begin
EXEC sp_addextendedproperty N'MS_Description',@Descriptions,N'SCHEMA',N'dbo',N'TABLE',@TableName
end
print '数据表['+@TableName+']描述['+@Descriptions+']添加成功!'
fetch next from cur into @TableName,@Descriptions
end
close cur
deallocate cur
四、批量添加数据字段的字典描述
declare @TableName nvarchar(50),@ColumnName nvarchar(50),@Descriptions nvarchar(255)
declare cur cursor for
select tablename,columnname,descriptions from column_description where isnull(descriptions,'')<>'' order by tablename,columnname
open cur
fetch next from cur into @TableName,@ColumnName,@Descriptions
while (@@fetch_status=0)
begin
IF EXISTS (select 1 from sys.extended_properties WHERE name='MS_Description' and major_id=OBJECT_ID(''+@TableName+'')
and minor_id in (select colid from syscolumns where id=object_id(''+@TableName+'') and name=''+@ColumnName+'') )
begin
EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty N'MS_Description',@Descriptions,N'SCHEMA',N'dbo',N'TABLE',@TableName,N'COLUMN',@ColumnName
end
else
begin
EXEC sp_addextendedproperty N'MS_Description',@Descriptions,N'SCHEMA',N'dbo',N'TABLE',@TableName,N'COLUMN',@ColumnName
end
print '数据表['+@TableName+']字段['+@ColumnName+']描述['+@Descriptions+']添加成功!'
fetch next from cur into @TableName,@ColumnName,@Descriptions
end
close cur
deallocate cur
五、利用视图显示数据字典
Set nocount on
DECLARE @TableName nvarchar(35)
DECLARE Tbls CURSOR
FOR
/*Select distinct Table_name
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
--put any exclusions here
--where table_name not like '%old'
order by Table_name */
--上面写没有排除视图,修改为下面
--select name from dbo.SysObjects WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(ID, 'IsUserTable') = 1
--and name<>'sysdiagrams' order by name
select tablename from table_description order by tablename
OPEN Tbls
PRINT '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">'
PRINT '<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">'
PRINT '<head>'
PRINT '<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />'
PRINT '<title>'+db_name()+'数据库字典</title>'
PRINT '<style type="text/css">'
PRINT 'body{margin:0; font:11pt "arial", "微软雅黑"; cursor:default;}'
PRINT '.tableBox{margin:10px auto; padding:0px; width:1000px; height:auto; background:#FBF5E3; border:1px solid #45360A}'
PRINT '.tableBox h3 {font-size:12pt; height:30px; line-height:30px; background:#45360A; padding:0px 0px 0px 15px; color:#FFF; margin:0px; text-align:left }'
PRINT '.tableBox table {width:1000px; padding:0px }'
PRINT '.tableBox th {height:25px; border-top:1px solid #FFF; border-left:1px solid #FFF; background:#F7EBC8; border-right:1px solid #E0C889; border-bottom:1px solid #E0C889 }'
PRINT '.tableBox td {height:25px; padding-left:10px; border-top:1px solid #FFF; border-left:1px solid #FFF; border-right:1px solid #E0C889; border-bottom:1px solid #E0C889 }'
PRINT '</style>'
PRINT '</head>'
PRINT '<body>'
FETCH NEXT FROM Tbls
INTO @TableName
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT '<div class="tableBox">'
Select '<h3>' + @TableName + ' : '+cast(Value as varchar(1000)) + '</h3>'
FROM sys.extended_properties A
WHERE A.major_id = OBJECT_ID(@TableName)
and name = 'MS_Description' and minor_id = 0
--Get the Description of the table
--Characters 1-250
PRINT '<table cellspacing="0">'
PRINT '<tr>' --Set up the Column Headers for the Table
PRINT '<th>字段名称</th>'
PRINT '<th>描述</th>'
PRINT '<th>主键</th>'
PRINT '<th>外键</th>'
PRINT '<th>类型</th>'
PRINT '<th>长度</th>'
PRINT '<th>数值精度</th>'
PRINT '<th>小数位数</th>'
PRINT '<th>允许为空</th>'
PRINT '<th>计算列</th>'
PRINT '<th>标识列</th>'
PRINT '<th>默认值</th>'
PRINT '</tr>'
--Get the Table Data
SELECT '<tr>',
'<td>' + CAST(clmns.name AS VARCHAR(35)) + '</td>',
'<td>' + ISNULL(CAST(exprop.value AS VARCHAR(500)),'') + '</td>',
'<td>' + CAST(ISNULL(idxcol.index_column_id, 0)AS VARCHAR(20)) + '</td>',
'<td>' + CAST(ISNULL(
(SELECT TOP 1 1
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkclmn
WHERE fkclmn.parent_column_id = clmns.column_id
AND fkclmn.parent_object_id = clmns.object_id
), 0) AS VARCHAR(20)) + '</td>',
'<td>' + CAST(udt.name AS CHAR(15)) + '</td>' ,
'<td>' + CAST(CAST(CASE WHEN typ.name IN (N'nchar', N'nvarchar') AND clmns.max_length <> -1
THEN clmns.max_length/2
ELSE clmns.max_length END AS INT) AS VARCHAR(20)) + '</td>',
'<td>' + CAST(CAST(clmns.precision AS INT) AS VARCHAR(20)) + '</td>',
'<td>' + CAST(CAST(clmns.scale AS INT) AS VARCHAR(20)) + '</td>',
'<td>' + CAST(clmns.is_nullable AS VARCHAR(20)) + '</td>' ,
'<td>' + CAST(clmns.is_computed AS VARCHAR(20)) + '</td>' ,
'<td>' + CAST(clmns.is_identity AS VARCHAR(20)) + '</td>' ,
'<td>' + isnull(CAST(cnstr.definition AS VARCHAR(20)),'') + '</td>'
FROM sys.tables AS tbl INNER JOIN sys.all_columns AS clmns
ON clmns.object_id=tbl.object_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.indexes AS idx
ON idx.object_id = clmns.object_id
AND 1 =idx.is_primary_key
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.index_columns AS idxcol
ON idxcol.index_id = idx.index_id
AND idxcol.column_id = clmns.column_id
AND idxcol.object_id = clmns.object_id
AND 0 = idxcol.is_included_column
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.types AS udt
ON udt.user_type_id = clmns.user_type_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.types AS typ
ON typ.user_type_id = clmns.system_type_id
AND typ.user_type_id = typ.system_type_id
LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints AS cnstr
ON cnstr.object_id=clmns.default_object_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.extended_properties exprop
ON exprop.major_id = clmns.object_id
AND exprop.minor_id = clmns.column_id
AND exprop.name = 'MS_Description'
WHERE (tbl.name = @TableName and
exprop.class = 1) --I don't wand to include comments on indexes
ORDER BY clmns.column_id ASC
PRINT '</tr></table>'
PRINT '</div>'
FETCH NEXT FROM Tbls
INTO @TableName
END
PRINT '</body></HTML>'
CLOSE Tbls
DEALLOCATE Tbls 效果图如下：
整体来说，自己第一次动手还算满意！
