用python介绍4种常用的单链表翻转的方法

这里给出了4种4种常用的单链表翻转的方法,分别是:

开辟辅助数组,新建表头反转,就地反转,递归反转

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
链表逆序
'''
class ListNode:  
    def __init__(self,x):  
        self.val=x
        self.next=None 
 
'''
第一种方法:
对于一个长度为n的单链表head,用一个大小为n的数组arr储存从单链表从头
到尾遍历的所有元素,在从arr尾到头读取元素简历一个新的单链表
时间消耗O(n),空间消耗O(n)
'''       
def reverse_linkedlist1(head):
    if head == None or head.next == None: #边界条件
        return head
    arr = [] # 空间消耗为n,n为单链表的长度
    while head:
        arr.append(head.val)
        head = head.next
    newhead = ListNode(0)
    tmp = newhead
    for i in arr[::-1]:
        tmp.next = ListNode(i)
        tmp = tmp.next
    return newhead.next
 
'''
开始以单链表的第一个元素为循环变量cur,并设置2个辅助变量tmp,保存数据;
newhead,新的翻转链表的表头。
时间消耗O(n),空间消耗O(1)
'''
 
def reverse_linkedlist2(head):
    if head == None or head.next == None: #边界条件
        return head
    cur = head #循环变量
    tmp = None #保存数据的临时变量
    newhead = None #新的翻转单链表的表头
    while cur:
        tmp = cur.next 
        cur.next = newhead
        newhead = cur   # 更新 新链表的表头
        cur = tmp
    return newhead
    
'''
开始以单链表的第二个元素为循环变量,用2个变量循环向后操作,并设置1个辅助变量tmp,保存数据;
时间消耗O(n),空间消耗O(1)
'''
 
 
def reverse_linkedlist3(head):
    if head == None or head.next == None: #边界条件
        return head
    p1 = head #循环变量1
    p2 = head.next #循环变量2
    tmp = None #保存数据的临时变量
    while p2:
        tmp = p2.next
        p2.next = p1
        p1 = p2
        p2 = tmp
    head.next = None
    return p1
 
'''
递归操作,先将从第一个点开始翻转转换从下一个节点开始翻转
直至只剩一个节点
时间消耗O(n),空间消耗O(1)
'''
 
def reverse_linkedlist4(head):
    if head is None or head.next is None:
        return head
    else:
        newhead=reverse_linkedlist4(head.next)
        head.next.next=head
        head.next=None
    return newhead
 
        
def create_ll(arr):
    pre = ListNode(0)
    tmp = pre
    for i in arr:
        tmp.next = ListNode(i)
        tmp = tmp.next
    return pre.next
    
def print_ll(head):
    tmp = head
    while tmp:
        print tmp.val
        tmp=tmp.next
 
a = create_ll(range(5))
print_ll(a) # 0 1 2 3 4
a = reverse_linkedlist1(a)
print_ll(a) # 4 3 2 1 0
a = reverse_linkedlist2(a)
print_ll(a) # 0 1 2 3 4
a = reverse_linkedlist3(a)
print_ll(a) # 4 3 2 1 0
a = reverse_linkedlist4(a)
print_ll(a) # 0 1 2 3 4

 

本文转载自:https://blog.csdn.net/u011452172/article/details/78127836 

 

posted @ 2018-10-20 15:50  petrolero  阅读(2975)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报