Write operations are not allowed in read-only mode

使用Spring提供的Open Session In View而引起Write operations are not allowed in read-only mode (FlushMode.NEVER) 错误解决:

       在没有使用Spring提供的Open Session In View情况下,因需要在service(or Dao)层里把session关闭,所以lazy loading 为true的话,要在应用层内把关系集合都初始化,如 company.getEmployees(),否则Hibernate抛session already closed Exception;    Open Session In View提供了一种简便的方法,较好地解决了lazy loading问题.

它有两种配置方式OpenSessionInViewInterceptor和OpenSessionInViewFilter(具体参看SpringSide),功能相同,只是一个在web.xml配置,另一个在application.xml配置而已。

Open Session In View在request把session绑定到当前thread期间一直保持hibernate session在open状态,使session在request的整个期间都可以使用,如在View层里PO也可以lazy loading数据,如 ${ company.employees }。当View 层逻辑完成后,才会通过Filter的doFilter方法或Interceptor的postHandle方法自动关闭session。

      OpenSessionInViewInterceptor配置

  1. <beans>

  2. <bean name="openSessionInViewInterceptor" 

  3.    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewInterceptor"> 

  4.    <property name="sessionFactory"> 

  5.      <ref bean="sessionFactory"/> 

  6.    </property> 

  7. </bean>

  8. <bean id="urlMapping"

  9.    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">

  10.    <property name="interceptors"> 

  11.      <list>

  12.        <ref bean="openSessionInViewInterceptor"/> 

  13.      </list> 

  14.    </property>

  15.    <property name="mappings">

  16.      ...

  17.    </property> 

  18. </bean>

  19.  ...

  20. </beans>

      OpenSessionInViewFilter配置

  1. <web-app> 

  2.   ... 

  3.   <filter> 

  4.      <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>

  5.      <filter-class>

  6.        org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter

  7.      </filter-class>

  8.      <!-- singleSession默认为true,若设为false则等于没用OpenSessionInView -->

  9.      <init-param>

  10.        <param-name>singleSession</param-name>

  11.        <param-value>true</param-value> 

  12.      </init-param> 

  13.    </filter> 

  14.    ...

  15.    <filter-mapping>

  16.      <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> 

  17.      <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

  18.    </filter-mapping>

  19.    ... 

  20.  </web-app>

      很多人在使用OpenSessionInView过程中提及一个错误:

  1. org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: Write operations 

  2. are not allowed in read-only mode (FlushMode.NEVER) - turn your Session into 

  3. FlushMode.AUTO or remove 'readOnly' marker from transaction definition 

      看看OpenSessionInViewFilter里的几个方法

  1. protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,

      HttpServletResponse response,FilterChain filterChain)

      throws ServletException, IOException {

     SessionFactory sessionFactory = lookupSessionFactory();

     logger.debug("Opening Hibernate Session in OpenSessionInViewFilter");

     Session session = getSession(sessionFactory);

     TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(

      sessionFactory, new SessionHolder(session));

       try {

        filterChain.doFilter(request, response);

       }

       finally {

       TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(sessionFactory);

       logger.debug("Closing Hibernate Session in OpenSessionInViewFilter");

       closeSession(session, sessionFactory);

     }

    }

  2.  protected Session getSession(SessionFactory sessionFactory)

       throws DataAccessResourceFailureException {

      Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.getSession(sessionFactory, true);

      session.setFlushMode(FlushMode.NEVER);

      return session;

  3.  protected void closeSession(Session session, SessionFactory sessionFactory)

       throws CleanupFailureDataAccessException {

      SessionFactoryUtils.closeSessionIfNecessary(session, sessionFactory);

    }

可以看到OpenSessionInViewFilter在getSession的时候,会把获取回来的session的flush mode 设为FlushMode.NEVER。然后把该sessionFactory绑定到 TransactionSynchronizationManager,使request的整个过程都使用同一个session,在请求过后再接除该 sessionFactory的绑定,最后closeSessionIfNecessary根据该 session是否已和transaction绑定来决定是否关闭session。在这个过程中,若HibernateTemplate 发现自当前session有不是readOnly的transaction,就会获取到FlushMode.AUTO Session,使方法拥有写权限。

  1.  public static void closeSessionIfNecessary(Session session, SessionFactory sessionFactory) 

  2.  throws CleanupFailureDataAccessException { 

  3.  if (session == null ||

        TransactionSynchronizationManager.hasResource(sessionFactory)) {

  4.     return; 

  5.   } 

  6.   logger.debug("Closing Hibernate session");

  7.   try { 

  8.     session.close(); 

  9.   } 

  10.   catch (JDBCException ex) {

  11.   // SQLException underneath 

  12.   throw new CleanupFailureDataAccessException("Could not close Hibernate session", ex.getSQLException()); 

  13.   } 

  14.   catch (HibernateException ex) {

  15.   throw new CleanupFailureDataAccessException("Could not close Hibernate session",  ex); 

  16.   }

  17. }  

也即是,如果有不是readOnly的transaction就可以由Flush.NEVER转为Flush.AUTO,拥有 insert,update,delete操作权限,如果没有transaction,并且没有另外人为地设flush model的话,则doFilter的整个过程都是Flush.NEVER。所以受transaction保护的方法有写权限,没受保护的则没有。

采用spring的事务声明,使方法受transaction控制

  1.  <bean id="baseTransaction"

    class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"

    abstract="true">

    <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>

    <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"/>

    <property name="transactionAttributes">

    <props>

    <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>

    <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>

    <prop key="load*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>

    <prop key="save*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>

    <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>

    <prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>

    <prop key="remove*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>

    </props>

    </property>

    </bean> 

  2. <bean id="userService" parent="baseTransaction">

    <property name="target">

    <bean class="com.phopesoft.security.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"/>

    </property>

    </bean>

对于上例,则以save,add,update,remove开头的方法拥有可写的事务,如果当前有某个方法,如命名为importExcel(),则因没有transaction而没有写权限,这时若方法内有insert,update,delete操作的话,则需要手动设置flush model为Flush.AUTO,如

  1. session.setFlushMode(FlushMode.AUTO); 

  2. session.save(user); 

  3. session.flush();

尽 管Open Session In View看起来还不错,其实副作用不少。看回上面OpenSessionInViewFilter的doFilterInternal方法代码,这个方法实际上是被父类的doFilter调用的,因此,我们可以大约了解的OpenSessionInViewFilter调用流程: request(请求)->open session并开始transaction->controller->View(Jsp)->结束transaction并 close session.

一切看起来很正确,尤其是在本地开发测试的时候没出现问题,但试想下如果流程中的某一步被阻塞的话,那在这期间connection就一直被占用而不释放。最有可能被阻塞的就是在写Jsp这步,一方面可能是页面内容大,response.write的时间长,另一方面可能是网速慢,服务器与用户间传输时间久。当大量这样的情况出现时,就有连接池连接不足,造成页面假死现象。

Open Session In View是个双刃剑,放在公网上内容多流量大的网站请慎用。

posted on 2014-12-02 10:40  peter.peng  阅读(459)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报