JSON概念和JSON语法的定义与值的获取
JSON概念
概念: JavaScript Object Notation JavaScript 对象标记法
var p = {"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":"男"};
json现在多用于存储和交换文本信息的语法
进行数据的传输
JSON比XML更小、更快、更易解析。
JSON语法
语法_定义
1.基本规则
数据在名称/值对中:json数据是由键值对构成的
键用引号(单双都行)引起来,也可以不使用引号
值得取值类型:
1.数字(整数或浮点数)
2.字符串(在双引号中)
3.逻辑值(true或false)
4.数组(在方括号中){"persons":[{},{}]}
5.对象(在花括号中){“address”:{"province":"河北"....}}
6.null
数据由逗号分隔:多个键值对由逗号分隔
花括号保存对象:使用{}定义json格式
方括号保存数组:[ ]
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <script> //定义基本格式 var person = {"name":"张三",age:23,'gender':true}; // alert(person); //嵌套格式 {}————> [] var persons = { "persons":[ {"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":true}, {"name":"李四","age":29,"gender":true}, {"name":"王五","age":24,"gender":false} ] }; //alert(persons); //嵌套格式 []————> {} var ps = [ {"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":true}, {"name":"李四","age":29,"gender":true}, {"name":"王五","age":24,"gender":false} ]; alert(ps); </script> </head> <body> </body> </html>
语法_获取定义的数据
1.json对象.键名
2.json对象["键名"]
3.数组对象[索引]
.
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <script> //定义基本格式 var person = {"name":"张三",age:23,'gender':true}; // alert(person); //获取name的值 //var name = person.name; var name = person["name"]; //alert(name); //遍历 //for in循环 /* for (var key in person){ alert(key+":"+person[key]); } */ //嵌套格式 {}————> [] var persons = { "persons":[ {"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":true}, {"name":"李四","age":29,"gender":true}, {"name":"王五","age":24,"gender":false} ] }; //alert(persons); //对象名称 键名称 var name1 = persons.persons[2].name; //alert(name1); //嵌套格式 []————> {} var ps = [ {"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":true}, {"name":"李四","age":29,"gender":true}, {"name":"王五","age":24,"gender":false} ]; //alert(ps); //alert(ps[1].name); //获取ps中全部的值 双重for进行遍历 for (let i = 0; i <ps.length; i++) { var p = ps[i]; for (var key in p){ alert(key+":"+p[key]); } } </script> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> </body> </html>