Session实现验证码
验证码
需求：
1.访问带有验证码的登录页面login.jsp
2.用户输入用户名，密码以及验证码
如果用户名和密码输入有误，跳转登录页面，提示：用户名或密码错误
如果验证码输入有误，跳转登录页面，提示：验证码错误
如果全部输入正确，则跳转到主页success.jsp，显示：用户名,欢迎您
分析：
代码实现：
CheckCodeServlet：验证码
@WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
public class CheckCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
int width = 100;
int height = 50;
//创建一对象，在内存中图片(验证码图片对象)
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//美化图片
//1.填充背景色
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillRect(0,0,width,height);
//2.画边框
g.setColor(Color.CYAN);
g.drawRect(0,0,width-1,height-1);
//写验证码
//页面的页码数字
String str = "ABCDEFGHIGKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghigklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
//生成随机角标
Random ran = new Random();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 1; i <=4; i++) {
int index = ran.nextInt(str.length());
//获取字符
char ch = str.charAt(index);//随机字符
sb.append(ch);
g.drawString(ch+"",width/5*i,height/2);
}
String checkCode_session = sb.toString();
//将验证码存入session
request.getSession().setAttribute("checkCode_session",checkCode_session);
//画干扰线
g.setColor(Color.green);
//随机生成坐标点
for (int i = 1; i <=10; i++) {
int x1 = ran.nextInt(width);
int x2 = ran.nextInt(width);
int y1 = ran.nextInt(height);
int y2 = ran.nextInt(height);
g.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2);
}
//将图片输出到页面展示
ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",response.getOutputStream());
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}
LoginServlet：判断
@WebServlet("/loginServlet1")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//设置request编码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//获取参数
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String checkCode = request.getParameter("checkCode");
//先获取生成的验证码
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String checkCode_session = (String) session.getAttribute("checkCode_session");
//删除session中存储的验证码
session.removeAttribute("checkCode_session");
//先判断验证码是否正确
if (checkCode_session!=null && checkCode_session.equalsIgnoreCase(checkCode)){
//忽略大小写比较
//验证码一致
//写死账号：张三 密码：123
if ("zhangsan".equals(username) && "123".equals(password)){
//登录成功
//存储信息，用户信息
session.setAttribute("user",username);
//重定向到success.jsp
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/success.jsp");
}else {
//登录失败
//存储提示信息到request
request.setAttribute("login_error","用户名或密码错误");
//转发到登录页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
//判断用户名和密码是否一致
}else {
//验证码不一致
//存储提示信息到request
request.setAttribute("cc_error","验证码错误");
//转发到登录页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}
login.jsp：登录页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>login</title> <script> window.onload = function () { document.getElementById("img").onclick = function () { var time = new Date().getTime(); this.src = "/checkCodeServlet?time="+time; } } </script> <style> div{ color: red; } </style> </head> <body> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/loginServlet1" method="post"> <table> <tr> <td>用户名</td> <td><input type="text" name="username"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>密码</td> <td><input type="password" name="password"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>验证码</td> <td><input type="text" name="checkCode"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><img id="img" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkCodeServlet"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="登录"></td> </tr> </table> </form> <div> <%=request.getAttribute("cc_error") == null ? "" : request.getAttribute("cc_error")%> </div> <div> <%=request.getAttribute("login_error") == null ? "" : request.getAttribute("login_error")%> </div> </body> </html>
success.jsp登录成功页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1><%=request.getSession().getAttribute("user")%>,欢迎您</h1> </body> </html>
登录成功
