使用apt-mirror建立本地debian仓库源

 

先介绍一下环境：

主机：Win7

虚拟机：VirtualBox + Debian7

由于软件源的体积比较大，所以我又给虚拟机添加了一块50GB的虚拟硬盘（给虚拟机添加虚拟硬盘的方法参见：http://www.cnblogs.com/pengdonglin137/p/3366589.html ， 其中介绍了如何在Vmware和VirtualBox中给Linux虚拟机添加虚拟硬盘），然后修改/etc/fstab，使在系统启动的时候将其自动挂载到/home/pengdl/debian_source目录下。

下面步入正题：

第一步、安装apt-mirror工具

执行如下命令：

sudo apt-get install apt-mirror

第二步、配置apt-mirror

sudo vim /etc/apt/mirror.list



############# config ##################
#
# set base_path    /var/spool/apt-mirror
# set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror
# set skel_path    $base_path/skel
# set var_path     $base_path/var
# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh
# set defaultarch  <running host architecture>
# set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh
# set run_postmirror 0
set nthreads     20
set _tilde 0
#
############# end config ##############


deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free

# mirror additional architectures
#deb-alpha http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-amd64 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-armel http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-hppa http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-i386 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-ia64 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-m68k http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-mips http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-mipsel http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-powerpc http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-s390 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-sparc http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free

clean http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian



将其修改为对自己比较快的源，这里我用的是  http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free


因为我要将将来下载的源放到/home/pengdl/debian_source下面，所以现在该目录下创建几个文件夹（具体是那些文件夹，可以参见上面的配置文件）：


/home/pengdl/debian_source/mirror


/home/pengdl/debian_source/skel


/home/pengdl/debian_source/var


下面是我的配置文件：


############# config ##################
#
# set base_path    /var/spool/apt-mirror
  set base_path    /home/pengdl/debian_source
#
  set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror
  set skel_path    $base_path/skel
  set var_path     $base_path/var
  set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh
  set defaultarch  <running host architecture>
 #set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh
 #set run_postmirror 0
set nthreads     20
set _tilde 0
#
############# end config ##############

deb-i386 http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free

#deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free

# mirror additional architectures
#deb-alpha http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-amd64 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-armel http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-hppa http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-i386 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-ia64 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-m68k http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-mips http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-mipsel http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-powerpc http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-s390 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-sparc http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free

#clean http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian
clean http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian




第三步、同步镜像


sudo apt-mirror



同步完成后，我们可以利用clean.sh清理无用软件包（本文档以set base_path   /home/pengdl/debian_source为例）： 
$sudo sh /home/pengdl/debian_source/var/clean.sh


在日常的升级中，我们可以定期执行apt-mirror命令： 
        
$sudo apt-mirror


或者将这个命令写进crontab中： 
        
30 5    * * *    root    /usr/bin/apt-mirror >> /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/cron.log 

        
每天五点30分执行，并在/var/spool/apt-mirror/var/文件夹中生成cron.log日志文件，以方便查看更新状态。


第四步、访问镜像


1、本地访问


sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list






修改成如下内容：





deb file:/home/pengdl/debian_source/mirror/ftp.cn.debian.org/debian wheezy main contrib non-free


更新软件源：


sudo apt-get update



2、通过http访问


想要通过http的方式获得本地Debian/Ubuntu的源镜像，因此需要安装apache web服务器


安装Apache


sudo apt-get install apache2



Apache默认的根目录是/var/www，但是软件仓库却在/home/pengdl/debian_source/mirror 
为了能够通过 http://192.168.0.100/debian  
访问到相应的软件库，我们可以symlinks /var/www/debian 到真正的库地址。 

        


ln -s /home/pengdl/debian_source/mirror/ftp.de.debian.org/debian /var/www/debian 


修改sources.list
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list


修改成如下内容：


deb http://192.168.0.100/debian wheezy main contrib non-free 


或者


deb http://127.0.0.1/debian wheezy main contrib non-free 


执行


sudo apt-get update


或者不采用建立软连接的方式，而是直接修改apatch2的配置文件/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default，把DocumentRoot /var/www改为：


DocumentRoot /home/pengdl/debian_source/mirror/ftp.de.debian.org/debian


然后重启apache


sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 start


修改sources.list
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list



修改成如下内容：


deb http://192.168.0.100 wheezy main contrib non-free 


或者


deb http://127.0.0.1 wheezy main contrib non-free 


执行


sudo apt-get update


 



完！！


 


参考：


http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?t=41791


http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?t=40082&highlight=%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91


http://rex.zhang.name/index.php/2011/05/506


http://www.linuxeden.com/html/sysadmin/20090518/65717.html


http://www.2cto.com/os/201311/254830.html


http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2008-09/15841.htm


http://popey.com/blog/2006/10/24/creating_an_ubuntu_repository_mirror_with_apt-mirror/


http://www.debianadmin.com/debian-apt-source-mirror-using-apt-mirror.html#more-50


 


==================================================================================


建立本地ubuntu仓库源 
首先，我们要安装apt-mirror 

        
$sudo apt-get install apt-mirror 

        
假设我们将镜像等文件放在 /service/ubuntu文件夹下： 

        
请事先新建以下文件夹（mirror.list里面提示要我们事先新建文件夹的）： 

        
/service/ubuntu 

        
/service/ubuntu/mirror 

        
/service/ubuntu/skel 

        
/service/ubuntu/var 

        
配置apt-mirror： 

        
$sudo vi /etc/apt/mirror.list 

        
-------------------------------------------------------------- 

        
############# config ################## 

        
# 

        
# set base_path    /var/spool/apt-mirror 

        
# 

        
# if you change the base path you must create the directories below with write privlages 

        
# 

        
# set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror 

        
# set skel_path    $base_path/skel 

        
# set var_path     $base_path/var 

        
# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh 

        
# set defaultarch  <running host architecture> 

        
#我们改这一项就好： 

        
set base_path    /service/ubuntu 

        
set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror 

        
set skel_path    $base_path/skel 

        
set var_path     $base_path/var 

        
set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh 

        
set nthreads     20 

        
set _tilde 0 

        
# 

        
############# end config ############## 

        
#我们把常用的软件同步过来就够用了 

        
deb-i386 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted universe multiverse 

        
deb-i386 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse 

        
deb-i386 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse 

        
deb-i386 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse 

        
deb-i386 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 

        
# 当某些软件包在服务器端进行了升级，或者服务器端不再需要这些软件包时，我们使用了apt-mirror与服务器同步后 

        
#会在本地的$var_path/下生成一个clean.sh的脚本，列出了遗留在本地的旧版本和无用的软件包，你可以手动运行这个 

        
#脚本来删除遗留在本地的且不需要用的软件包 

        
clean http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu 

        
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

        
如果用amd64位架构下的包，可以加上deb-amd64的标记 

        
如果什么都不加，直接使用deb http.....这种格式，则在同步时，只同步当前系统所使用的架构下的软件包。比如一个64位系统，直接deb http....只同步64位的软件包。如果还嫌麻烦，直接去改set defaultarch  <running host architecture>这个参数就好，比如改成set defaultarch i386，这样你使用deb http.....这种格式，则在同步时，只同步i386的软件包了。 

        
如果你还想要源码，可以把源码也加到mirror.list里面同步过来，比如加上deb-src这样的标记。想要其他的东西也可以追加相应的标记来完成。 

        
配置好后我们就可以和指定的镜像进行同步了 

        
$sudo apt-mirror 

        
如果是第一次同步，官方镜像可能需要几天时间才能同步完整，如果与国内源进行同步，只同步常用软件，平均1秒钟网速1MB（Byte）要同步30G左右的数据，大概需要5-8小时的时间才能同步完整。 

        
同步完成后，我们可以利用clean.sh清理无用软件包（本文档以set base_path   /server/ubuntu为例）： 

        
$sudo sh /service/ubuntu/var/clean.sh 

        
更新完毕后，可以使用apache发布源镜像了。 

        
apache可以这样配置： 

        
$sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default 

        
--------------------------------------------------- 

        
NameVirtualHost * 

        
<VirtualHost *> 

        
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost 

        
#    DocumentRoot /var/www/ 

        
    DocumentRoot /service/ubuntu/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ 

        
    <Directory /> 

        
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks 

        
        AllowOverride None 

        
    </Directory> 

        
    <Directory /var/www/> 

        
        Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews 

        
        AllowOverride None 

        
        Order allow,deny 

        
        allow from all 

        
    </Directory> 

        
........ 

        
--------------------------------------------------- 

        
在日常的升级中，我们可以定期执行apt-mirror命令： 

        
$sudo apt-mirror 

        
或者将这个命令写进crontab中： 

        
30 5    * * *    root    /usr/bin/apt-mirror >> /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/cron.log 

        
每天五点30分执行，并在/var/spool/apt-mirror/var/文件夹中生成cron.log日志文件，以方便查看更新状态。


=============================================================================================


使用apt-mirror建立局域网内的Debian/Ubuntu源镜像 
        
Version 1.0 

        
Author: Falko Timme <ft [at] falkotimme [dot] com> 

        
Last edited 12/26/2006 

        
翻译：icyfire （icyfire0105@gmail.com） 

        
本教程将指导你如何利用apt-mirror建立局域网内的Debian/Ubuntu源镜像。如果你需要在局域网内安装多套系统，那么建立一个本地的Debian/Ubuntu源镜像将会有益，在您更新系统的时候将获得比互联网连接快得多的速度，而且还能节省您的互联网带宽。 

        
我首先想说的是本文所讲的方法并不是唯一建立Debian/Ubuntu源镜像的方法。有很多方法可以达成这个目标，但是这却是我采用的办法。我并不保证这个方法适用于您。 

        
1 前期准备 

        
你可以在debian和ubuntu系统上建立Debian/Ubuntu源镜像，也就是说，debian系统可以建立Debian和Ubuntu源镜像，ubuntu系统上也能建立Debian和Ubuntu源镜像。 

        
需要注意的是要建立一个源镜像你需要有一个快一点的连接和足够大的硬盘空间。在我的测试过程中我做了一个Debian Sarge的main,contrib 和non-free部分的镜像和 Ubuntu Edgy Eft的 main, restricted, universe部分的镜像，这总共占用了大概25G的硬盘空间，在16M的DSL的带宽下，花了6小时的时间才下载完。 

        
我没有建立安全部分的镜像，因为我认为直接从互联网上下载安全更新会更好一点，因为这样可以保证你总能获得最新的版本。 

        
本测试基于 Debian Sarge 和Ubuntu Edgy Eft操作系统，如果你使用的是其他的版本，那么这个步骤可能会有细微的差异。你需要安装一个基本的 Debian Sarge 系统（安装步骤http://www.howtoforge.com/perfect_setup_debian_sarge）或者 Ubuntu Edgy Eft系统（安装步骤http://www.howtoforge.com/perfect_setup_ubuntu_6.10） 

        
这个例子中本地源镜像的ip是192.168.0.100. 

        
2,1安装apt-mirror 

        
修改/etc/apt/sources.list(Debian Sarge必须) 

        
如果你安装的是 Debian Sarge，你必须要修改sources.list.我不清楚Debian Etch 或者 Sid是否必须要修改，你可以自己尝试一下。对Ubuntu Edgy Eft. 这一步不适必须的。


代码:


vi /etc/apt/sources.list


加入下面怪这一行。


代码:


deb http://apt-mirror.sourceforge.net/ apt-mirror/


然后执行：


代码:


apt-get update


2.2安装apt-mirror 
        
这一步对Debian和Ubuntu都是必须的，安装apt-mirror,执行


代码:


apt-get install apt-mirror


3安装阿帕奇。 
        
我想要通过http的方式获得本地Debian/Ubuntu的源镜像，因此需要安装apache web服务器。


代码:


apt-get install apache2


默认的根目录是/var/www，接下来我会symlink这个目录到Debian and Ubuntu 的软件仓库所在目录。 
        
4配置apt-mirror 

        
apt-mirror的配置文件在/ etc/apt/mirror.list,debian sarge中的默认配置文件如下：


引用:


# apt-mirror configuration file 
        
## 

        
## The default configuration options (uncomment and change to override) 

        
## 

        
# 

        
# set base_path /var/spool/apt-mirror 

        
# set mirror_path $base_path/mirror 

        
# set skel_path $base_path/skel 

        
# set var_path $base_path/var 

        
# 

        
# set defaultarch 

        
# set nthreads 20 

        
# 

        
## 

        
## Example sources 

        
## 

        
# sarge's section 

        
deb http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian sarge main contrib non-free 

        
deb-src http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian sarge main contrib non-free 

        
deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security sarge/updates main contrib non-free 

        
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security sarge/updates main contrib non-free 

        
deb http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian sarge main/debian-installer 

        
# sarge-proposed-updates's section 

        
deb http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian sarge-proposed-updates main contrib non-free 

        
deb-src http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian sarge-proposed-updates main contrib non-free 

        
# sid's section 

        
deb http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian sid main contrib non-free 

        
deb-src http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian sid main contrib non-free 

        
deb http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian sid main/debian-installer 

        
# experimental section 

        
deb http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian ../project/experimental main contrib non-free 

        
deb-src http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian ../project/experimental main contrib non-free 

        
## 

        
## Cleaner configuration example 

        
## 

        
# 

        
# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh 

        
# 

        
# Cleaning section 

        
clean http://security.debian.org/ 

        
clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/doc/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/tools/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian-cd/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian-minicd/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian/dists/s ... ller-i386/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian/dists/s ... ller-i386/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian/doc/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian/tools/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian/project/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian-non-US/project/


Ubuntu Edgy Eft中的默认文件如下：


引用:


############# config ################## 
        
# 

        
# set base_path /var/spool/apt-mirror 

        
# 

        
# if you change the base path you must create the directories below with write privlages 

        
# 

        
# set mirror_path $base_path/mirror 

        
# set skel_path $base_path/skel 

        
# set var_path $base_path/var 

        
# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh 

        
# set defaultarch 

        
set nthreads 20 

        
set tilde 0 

        
# 

        
############# end config ############## 

        
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse 

        
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse 

        
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse 

        
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse 

        
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 

        
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse 

        
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse 

        
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse 

        
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse 

        
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 

        
clean http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu


如果你对比/etc/apt/sources.list 和/etc/apt/mirror.list，你会发现两者非常相似，二者都列举了一些应当被镜像的软件库，另外还有一些其他选项。 
        
现在我修改/etc/apt/mirror.list.就象我前面说过的一样，我要镜像Debian Sarge的main,contrib 和non-free部分和 Ubuntu Edgy Eft的 main, restricted, universe部分 

        
，不镜像应该直接从互联网上下载的安全部分。另外，我也没有镜像源代码包，因为95%的安装文件不需要源代码，而源代码包文件又会占据巨大的硬盘空间。所以我的/etc/apt/mirror.list 修改成下面的样子：


代码:


vi /etc/apt/mirror.list


引用:


# apt-mirror configuration file 
        
## 

        
## The default configuration options (uncomment and change to override) 

        
## 

        
# 

        
# set base_path /var/spool/apt-mirror 

        
# set mirror_path $base_path/mirror 

        
# set skel_path $base_path/skel 

        
# set var_path $base_path/var 

        
# 

        
# set defaultarch 

        
# set nthreads 20 

        
# 

        
## 

        
## Example sources 

        
## 

        
# sarge's section 

        
deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian sarge main contrib non-free 

        
# Ubuntu Edgy Eft 

        
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy main restricted universe 

        
## 

        
## Cleaner configuration example 

        
## 

        
# 

        
# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh 

        
# 

        
# Cleaning section 

        
clean http://ftp.de.debian.org/ 

        
clean http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/


请注意我用ftp.de.debian.org 代替了ftp.fi.debian.org ，用 de.archive.ubuntu.com代替了 
        
archive.ubuntu.com. 你应该选择一个距离你比较近的镜像，所以如果你在美国，就用us替代de。 

        
最后的cleaning部分告诉apt-mirror本地的硬盘应该和哪个软件仓库对比以确定哪些文件可以自动清除掉。我要检查Debian 和Ubuntu全部的软件，所以我修改成了, 

        
clean http://ftp.de.debian.org/ 

        
clean http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ 

        
如果你使用了其他的 Debian/Ubuntu版本，请用etch或者sid替换sarge;breezy或者dapper替换edgy。 

        
5创建本地软件仓库 

        
现在apt-mirror已经配置好了，现在应该第一次运行它，下载所有的包构建本地的Debian/Ubuntu软件仓库。我们只需要执行： 

        
[code] 

        
su - apt-mirror -c apt-mirror 

        
[/eode] 

        
apt-mirror会告诉你到底要下载多少GB的文件。这将会花上几个小时，所以要耐心点。这些包将会存储在/var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror的子目录中，所以你要保证该分区还有足够的硬盘空间。 

        
debian的在/var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/ftp.de.debian.org/debian, 

        
unbuntu的在/var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu. 

        
如果你在第四步选择了一个不同的镜像，那么这个路径或许有些不同。 

        
6清理软件仓库 

        
等到apt-mirror下载完了所有的包，它非常可能会告诉你可以清除出一些硬盘空间来，使用以下脚本： 

        
/bin/bash /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/clean.sh 

        
输出如下： 

        
server1:~# /bin/bash /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/clean.sh 

        
Removing 157 unnecessary files [13316096 bytes]... 

        
[0%]................done. 

        
Removing 18 unnecessary directories... 

        
[0%]..................done. 

        
这样你就能看到有多少硬盘空间被清理出来了。 

        
7 更新本地软件仓库 

        
更新本地镜像是非常简单的，执行 

        
[code]su - apt-mirror -c apt-mirror [/code] 

        
如果你不想手工执行更新，那么你可以编写一个定时执行的corn任务。只需要编辑/etc/corn.d/apt-mirror,在最后一行添加如下即可： 

        
[code]vi /etc/cron.d/apt-mirror [/code]


引用:


# 
        
# Regular cron jobs for the apt-mirror package 

        
# 

        
0 4 * * * apt-mirror /usr/bin/apt-mirror > /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/cron.log


8 通过http访问镜像 
        
Apache默认的根目录是/var/www，但是软件仓库却在/var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror 

        
为了能够通过 http://192.168.0.100/debian and http://192.168.0.100/ubuntu 

        
访问到相应的软件库，我们可以symlinks /var/www/debian and /var/www/ubuntu到真正的库地址。 

        
[code]ln -s /var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/ftp.de.debian.org/debian /var/www/debian 

        
ln -s /var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu /var/www/ubuntu[/code] 

        
如果你使用了其他镜像，记得调整这两行命令。 

        
接下来要考虑的一件事情是，你认为DebianSarge是sarge而且是稳定的e（至少目前是稳定的，而Etch仍旧在测试中），那么当你运行 

        
[code]ls -l /var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/ftp.de.debian.org/debian/dists [/code] 

        
你会发现那里有一个sarge的目录，但却是不稳定的，但是如果你在source.list中用稳定的替换了 sarge,或者在本地全新安装一个debian系统，这样就会出现这样的问题debian sarge的安装工具仍旧会认为stable替换sarge。解决办法是 

        
[code]cd /var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/ftp.de.debian.org/debian/dists 

        
ln -s sarge/ stable[/code] 

        
当debian Etch变成稳定版本的时候你也可以镜像Etch。到时候不要忘了修改stable的symlink。 

        
[code]cd /var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/ftp.de.debian.org/debian/dists 

        
rm -f stable 

        
ln -s etch/ stable [/code] 

        
这个问题不会出现在ubuntu中。 

        
9 配置你的客户端电脑使用本地镜像 

        
现在本地镜像已经可以使用了，我们所要做得是告诉 Debian Sarge和Ubuntu Edgy Eft 系统如何使用本地镜像。 

        
Debian Sarge系统，在source。list中修改main，contrib，non-free的软件仓库 

        
vi /etc/apt/sources.list 

        
[...] 

        
deb http://192.168.0.100/debian sarge main contrib non-free 

        
[...] 

        
Instead of sarge you could also use stable: 

        
[...] 

        
deb http://192.168.0.100/debian stable main contrib non-free 

        
[...] 

        
然后运行： 

        
apt-get update 

        
在 Ubuntu Edgy Eft系统中，你可以在sources.list中更换 main restricted universe的软件仓库。 

        
vi /etc/apt/sources.list 

        
[...] 

        
deb http://192.168.0.100/ubuntu/ edgy main restricted universe 

        
[...] 

        
然后运行： 

        
apt-get update 

        
9.3 全新安装系统 

        
如果你从本地镜像全新安装一个 Debian Sarge 或者 Ubuntu Edgy Eft那么你可以按照以下步骤进行： 

        
10相关链接 

        
* apt-mirror: http://apt-mirror.sourceforge.net 

        
* Debian: http://www.debian.org 

        
* Ubuntu: http://www.ubuntu.com


============================================================================================


Ubuntu12.04搭建自有源


其实，这个工作比较简单，主要两步：apt-mirror和apache。(这里的系统是ubuntu12.04)


1、apt-mirror


1.1 安装


一如既往地简单，直接sudo apt-get install apt-mirror即可。


1.2 配置apt-mirror


$ sudo vim /etc/apt/mirror.list


[plain] 


############# config ##################  


#  


# set base_path    /var/spool/apt-mirror  


#   


# set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror  


# set skel_path    $base_path/skel  


# set var_path     $base_path/var  


# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh  


# set defaultarch  <running host architecture>  


# set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh  


# set run_postmirror 0  


set nthreads     20    


set _tilde 0  


#  


############# end config ##############  


deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse  


deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse  


deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse  


#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  


#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse  


#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  


#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse  


clean http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu  


将其修改为对自己比较快的源(这里用ustc的)：


[plain] 


############ config ##################  


#  


#set base_path    /var/spool/apt-mirror  


#  


#set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror  


#set skel_path    $base_path/skel  


#set var_path     $base_path/var  


#set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh  


#set defaultarch  <running host architecture>  


#set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh  


#set run_postmirror 0  


set nthreads     20    


set _tilde 0  


#  


############# end config ##############  


#precise 64bit Mirror  


deb-amd64 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-amd64 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-amd64 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-amd64 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-amd64 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse  


#precise 32bit Mirror  


deb-i386 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-i386 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-i386 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-i386 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-i386 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse  


clean http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu  


1.3 apt-mirror同步源


用sudo apt-mirror命令开始同步源即可。


[plain] 


$ sudo apt-mirror  


Downloading 140 index files using 20 threads...  


Begin time: Fri Nov  1 17:23:49 2013  


[20]... [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]...   


End time: Fri Nov  1 17:23:49 2013  


Proceed indexes: [SSSSSPPPPP]  


93.0 GiB will be downloaded into archive.  


Downloading 85303 archive files using 20 threads...  


Begin time: Fri Nov  1 17:23:55 2013  


[20]...   


这里，要注意，有时候会碰到“No such file apt-mirror: can't open index in proceed_index_gz at /usr/bin/apt-mirror line 445.”这样的错误，折腾了我一个下午。原因不怎么清楚，不过，貌似按照上面我的流程做，至少可以避免这个错误。具体原因，难道和我配置文件中没去掉注释有关系，总之，稍诡异。


最后完成后的输出如下：


[plain] 


$ sudo apt-mirror  


Downloading 140 index files using 20 threads...  


Begin time: Fri Nov  1 17:23:49 2013  


[20]... [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]...   


End time: Fri Nov  1 17:23:49 2013  


Proceed indexes: [SSSSSPPPPP]  


93.0 GiB will be downloaded into archive.  


Downloading 85303 archive files using 20 threads...  


Begin time: Fri Nov  1 17:23:55 2013  


[20]...   [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]...   


End time: Fri Nov  1 18:12:35 2013  


0.0 bytes in 0 files and 0 directories can be freed.  


Run /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/clean.sh for this purpose.  


Running the Post Mirror script ...  


(/var/spool/apt-mirror/var/postmirror.sh)  


Post Mirror script has completed. See above output for any possible errors.  


2、apache2


2.1 安装


sudo apt-get install apache2


2.2 配置


apache2的配置，这里就不班门弄斧了。反正我是直接在网上搜的帖子，方法很简单。


[plain] 


(1) 进入/var/www目录  


cd /var/www  


(2) 创建一个指向apt-mirror的mirror存放路径的软链接，这里命名为ubuntu  


$ ln -s /var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu ubuntu  


到这里，就可以在浏览器地址栏输入“202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu”来访问该源目录了。


3、使用源


为了使用该源之需要修改/etc/apt/source.list文件:


[plain] 


比如原来用的是ustc的源，source.list文件如下：  


deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse  


deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse  


deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse  


deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  


deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse  


现在想改成，我们刚刚搭建好的源，只需在vim中用一个命令":%s/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/202.xxx.xxx.xxx/g"，即可将source.list修改为如下：  


deb http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse  


deb http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse  


deb http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse  


deb http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  


deb http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  


deb-src http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse  


然后，sudo apt-get update就可以看到，我们搭建的似有源的确已经生效了，速度飞快


==========================================================================================


1:加下面的行到/etc/apt/sources.list 
        
deb http://apt-mirror.sourceforge.net/ apt-mirror/


2:apt-get update


3:apt-get install apt-mirror


4:根据需要修改/etc/apt/mirror.list，添加离你最近的源


############# config ################## 
        
# 

        
# set base_path /var/spool/apt-mirror 

        
# 

        
# if you change the base path you must create the directories below with write privlages 

        
# 

        
# set mirror_path $base_path/mirror 

        
# set skel_path $base_path/skel 

        
# set var_path $base_path/var 

        
# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh 

        
# set defaultarch 

        
set nthreads 20 

        
set _tilde 0 

        
# 

        
############# end config ##############


deb http://debian.cn99.com/debian/ etch main contrib non-free 
        
deb-src http://debian.cn99.com/debian/ etch main contrib non-free


deb http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib non-free 
        
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib non-free


#deb http://archive.Ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted universe multiverse 

        
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse 

        
##deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse 

        
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse 

        
##deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 

        
# 

        
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted universe multiverse 

        
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse 

        
##deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse 

        
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse 

        
##deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse


clean http://debian.cn99.com/debian/


# 
        
# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 r0 _Etch_ - Official i386 NETINST Binary-1 20070407-11:29]/ etch contrib main


5：获得源信息 
        
su apt-mirror -c apt-mirror 

        
可能会报错： 

        
“ 

        
jumping:~# su apt-mirror -c apt-mirror 

        
Downloading 30 index files using 20 threads... 

        
Begin time: Fri Aug 29 11:38:38 2008 

        
[20]... [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]... 

        
End time: Fri Aug 29 11:40:49 2008


Proceed indexes: [Ssh: debian.cn99.com/debian///dists/etch/main/source/Sources.gz: No such file or directory 
        
apt-mirror: can't open index in proceed_index_gz at /usr/bin/apt-mirror line 382.


” 
        
到/var/spool/apt-mirror/skel/debian.cn99.com/debian/dists/etch/main/source/目录下去看看有没有Sources.gz。没有的话，再执行一遍 

        
su apt-mirror -c apt-mirror 

        
直到有为止。


正确的输出应该是： 
        
jumping:# su apt-mirror -c apt-mirror 

        
Downloading 30 index files using 20 threads... 

        
Begin time: Fri Aug 29 11:53:32 2008 

        
[20]... [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]... 

        
End time: Fri Aug 29 11:54:27 2008


Proceed indexes: [SSPP]


30.1 GiB will be downloaded into archive. 
        
Downloading 51528 archive files using 20 threads... 

        
Begin time: Fri Aug 29 11:54:33 2008 

        
[20]...


6：部署apache，提供给其他用户使用该源（参考网上的文章）


=======================================================================================


Creating an Ubuntu repository mirror with apt-mirror


By ADMIN | Published: OCTOBER 24, 2006


 


apt-mirror is a handy tool for creating a replica (or ‘mirror’ if you will) of a Debian archive. This can be useful in a number of circumstances if you want to maintain your own archive. Having your own up to date archive means you have fast access to every package in the distro very quickly.


Maybe you need it for installing a Debian-based distro onto lots of machines on a LAN. For example a system builder who installs Linux on many new computers and wants to improve the speed at which the systems are updated after a clean install. There are of course other tools that can achieve this including apt-catcher, apt-proxy and squid. These are in fact arguably better than the apt-mirror approach. But this is more fun :)


There are other uses for this, and I’m sure I’ll think of them one day.


apt-mirror can be used on any Debian-based repository. So it will work equally well with genuine Debian, Ubuntu or indeed any other .deb based system. Here is the way I setup a local hard disk.


Firstly, prepare some space


 


Lots of it! The Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft) repository including main, universe and multiverse currently takes around 30GiB of disk space. Disk space is relatively cheap though, so having a local archive isn’t a big deal space-wise. Bandwidth is a separate consideration though. 30GiB is quite a fair amount of data to pull down over the internet.


I used a 250GiB external USB hard drive. This has the advantage that I can physically attach it to a machine that has no net connection, chuck in an Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft) CD (or even upgrade from a 6.06 [Dapper] one) and install/upgrade a machine there and then. See – told you there was another use for this!


This is also especially handy if someone has a wierd ethernet card or modem that’s only supported in a very new kernel, or requires something from universe or multiverse to get online. Can’t think of any specific examples of that, but hey, I’m coming up with excuses^Wreasons to do this whole apt-mirror thing all the time.


I have a completely empty USB disk plugged in, lets see how much space there is available.. Ooh lots.


alan@multivac:~$ df -h
Filesystem            Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/evms/hda1        5.3G  4.1G  975M  81% /
varrun                244M  112K  244M   1% /var/run
varlock               244M  4.0K  244M   1% /var/lock
procbususb             10M  108K  9.9M   2% /proc/bus/usb
udev                   10M  108K  9.9M   2% /dev
devshm                244M     0  244M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             233G    4M  229G   0% /media/usbdisk


Make the necessary directories


 


My USB hard disk gets mounted in the usual place (/media/usbdisk) when I plug it in and turn it on. So I just need to make a directory on that disk and a few subdirectories and we’re done with this step.


alan@multivac:~$ mkdir /media/usbdisk/repo
alan@multivac:~$ mkdir /media/usbdisk/repo/mirror
alan@multivac:~$ mkdir /media/usbdisk/repo/skel
alan@multivac:~$ mkdir /media/usbdisk/repo/var


Install apt-mirror


apt-mirror is in the standard repositories. You can install using your favourite tool like synaptic or aptitude, call me old fashioned, I like apt-get though.


alan@multivac:~$ sudo apt-get install apt-mirror


Edit config


The default settings might work for you okay, but I decided to make some changes.


alan@multivac:~$ sudo gedit /etc/apt/mirror.list


Here’s the default config file:-


############# config ##################
#
# set base_path    /var/spool/apt-mirror
#
# if you change the base path you must create the directories below with write privlages
#
# set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror
# set skel_path    $base_path/skel
# set var_path     $base_path/var
# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh
# set defaultarch  
set nthreads     20
set tilde 0
#
############# end config ##############
# standard edgy repos
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

clean http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu


Here’s mine. I changed the location where I wanted the repository stored, used the nearest mirror, changed the number of threads and a few extra repositories that I wanted to mirror.


############# config ##################
#
# set base_path    /var/spool/apt-mirror
set base_path /media/usbdisk/repo
#
# if you change the base path you must create the directories below with write privlages
#
# set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror
# set skel_path    $base_path/skel
# set var_path     $base_path/var
# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh
# set defaultarch  
set nthreads     2
set tilde 0
#
############# end config ##############
# standard edgy repos
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

clean http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu

# Canonical commercial stuff
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu edgy-commercial main
clean  http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu 

# Beryl - Unnecessary 3D groovyness :)
# http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=263851
deb http://ubuntu.compiz.net/ edgy main-edgy
clean http://ubuntu.compiz.net/

# Skype - Semi-evil and badly-supported-on-linux VOIP solution
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Skype
deb http://download.skype.com/linux/repos/debian/ stable non-free
clean http://download.skype.com/linux/repos/debian/

# Codecs - Stuff to allow you to play all that proprietary encoded stuff
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats
deb http://packages.freecontrib.org/plf edgy-plf free non-free
deb-src http://packages.freecontrib.org/plf edgy-plf free non-free
clean http://packages.freecontrib.org/plf

# Automatix - That thing newbies like
# http://www.getautomatix.com/
deb http://www.getautomatix.com/apt edgy main
clean http://www.getautomatix.com/apt


Set aside some time to start the mirroring. It will take “time”. How long? Well, divide ~30GiB by your internet connection speed :)


The first time I ran apt-mirror it scanned the online archives and wanted to download around 30GiB of packages. Worth noting that I didn’t leave it running but killed it when I wanted to get some bandwidth back and restarted it later. It doesn’t start all over again but continues, and you can see this because the total download size goes down with each execution until you have the full archive. If you have a particularly slow connection, or you stop it quite a lot then you’ll likely never finish, at least not whilst edgy is in development!


Once the distro goes stable you can be sure the number of changes will go down. At the time of writing there’s hundreds of MBs changes per day, so now may not be the best time to do this :) The good news is that Edgy is released this week – Yay!


Here’s one of the instances of me running it. Note this isn’t the first time I ran it.


alan@multivac:~$ sudo apt-mirror
Downloading 88 index files using 1 threads...
Begin time: Tue Oct 24 06:41:14 2006
[1]... [0]...
End time: Tue Oct 24 06:41:18 2006

Proceed indexes: [SSSSPPPPPPPP]

4.8 MiB will be downloaded into archive.
Downloading 1 archive files using 1 threads...
Begin time: Tue Oct 24 06:41:36 2006
[1]... [0]...
End time: Tue Oct 24 06:41:37 2006

192.8 MiB in 215 files and 29 directories can be freed.
Run /media/usbdisk/repo/var/clean.sh for this purpose.


Note the handy-dandy script that gets created at the end to clear out the old files you have in your local repository. So we kick that off and here’s what happens next:-


alan@multivac:~$ sudo sh /media/usbdisk/repo/var/clean.sh
Removing 215 unnecessary files [202129408 bytes]...
[0%]......................done.

Removing 29 unnecessary directories...
[0%].............................done.


That was painless!


Using the archive


Ok, so what can we do with this archive. Install software from it! Here’s an example of installing software from the local archive connected to the USB port.


Backup current sources.list


alan@multivac:~$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.backup


Edit the sources.list


alan@multivac:~$ sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list


Here’s the sources.list that goes with the apt-mirror config I used above.


# standard edgy repos
deb file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse
deb file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

# Canonical commercial stuff
deb file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/archive.canonical.com/ubuntu edgy-commercial main

# Beryl - Unnecessary 3D groovyness :)
# http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=263851
deb file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/ubuntu.compiz.net/ edgy main-edgy

# Codecs - Stuff to allow you to play all that proprietary encoded stuff
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats
deb file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/packages.freecontrib.org/plf edgy-plf free non-free
deb-src file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/packages.freecontrib.org/plf edgy-plf free non-free

# Skype - Semi-evil and badly-supported-on-linux VOIP solution
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Skype
deb file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/download.skype.com/linux/repos/debian/ stable non-free

# Automatix - That thing newbies like
# http://www.getautomatix.com/
deb file:/media/usbdisk/repo/mirror/www.getautomatix.com/apt edgy main


Update


Now we update my local machine to let it know what’s in the repository.


alan@multivac:~$ sudo apt-get update
Ign file: edgy/main Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy/restricted Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy/universe Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy/multiverse Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-security/main Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-security/restricted Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-security/universe Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-security/multiverse Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-updates/main Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-updates/restricted Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-updates/universe Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-updates/multiverse Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-commercial/main Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-plf/free Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-plf/non-free Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy/main-edgy Translation-en_GB
Ign file: stable Release.gpg
Ign file: stable/non-free Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy/main Translation-en_GB
Ign file: stable Release
Ign file: stable/non-free Packages
Get: 1 file: edgy Release.gpg [191B]
Get: 2 file: edgy-security Release.gpg [189B]
Get: 3 file: edgy-updates Release.gpg [189B]
Get: 4 file: edgy-commercial Release.gpg [191B]
Get: 5 file: edgy-plf Release.gpg [189B]
Get: 6 file: edgy Release.gpg [189B]
Get: 7 file: edgy Release.gpg [189B]
Get: 8 file: edgy Release [34.7kB]
Get: 9 file: edgy-security Release [19.6kB]
Get: 10 file: edgy-updates Release [19.6kB]
Get: 11 file: edgy-commercial Release [4874B]
Get: 12 file: edgy-plf Release [9454B]
Get: 13 file: edgy Release [5755B]
Get: 14 file: edgy Release [4147B]
Ign file: edgy/main Packages
Ign file: edgy/restricted Packages
Ign file: edgy/universe Packages
Ign file: edgy/multiverse Packages
Ign file: edgy/main Sources
Ign file: edgy/restricted Sources
Ign file: edgy/universe Sources
Ign file: edgy/multiverse Sources
Ign file: edgy-security/main Packages
Ign file: edgy-security/restricted Packages
Ign file: edgy-security/universe Packages
Ign file: edgy-security/multiverse Packages
Ign file: edgy-security/main Sources
Ign file: edgy-security/restricted Sources
Ign file: edgy-security/universe Sources
Ign file: edgy-security/multiverse Sources
Ign file: edgy-updates/main Packages
Ign file: edgy-updates/restricted Packages
Ign file: edgy-updates/universe Packages
Ign file: edgy-updates/multiverse Packages
Ign file: edgy-updates/main Sources
Ign file: edgy-updates/restricted Sources
Ign file: edgy-updates/universe Sources
Ign file: edgy-updates/multiverse Sources
Ign file: edgy-plf Release
Ign file: edgy Release
Ign file: edgy Release
Ign file: edgy-commercial/main Packages
Ign file: edgy-plf/free Packages
Ign file: edgy-plf/non-free Packages
Ign file: edgy-plf/free Sources
Ign file: edgy-plf/non-free Sources
Ign file: edgy/main-edgy Packages
Ign file: edgy/main Packages
Fetched 99.5kB in 1s (73.2kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
W: GPG error: file: edgy-plf Release: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY F120156012B83718
W: GPG error: file: edgy Release: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 31A5F97FED8A569E
W: GPG error: file: edgy Release: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 18B52FE3521A9C7C
W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems


Fix the NO_PUBKEY warnings


The warnings occur because I don’t have those keys in my keyring. This fixes that:-


alan@multivac:~$ sudo gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv F120156012B83718
gpg: requesting key 12B83718 from hkp server subkeys.pgp.net
gpg: key 12B83718: public key "Lionel Le Folgoc (mr_pouit) " imported
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1
alan@multivac:~$ sudo gpg --export --armor F120156012B83718 | sudo apt-key add -
OK
alan@multivac:~$ sudo gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv 31A5F97FED8A569E
gpg: requesting key ED8A569E from hkp server subkeys.pgp.net
gpg: key ED8A569E: public key "Quinn Storm " imported
gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1
alan@multivac:~$ sudo gpg --export --armor 31A5F97FED8A569E | sudo apt-key add -
OK
alan@multivac:~$ sudo gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv 18B52FE3521A9C7C
gpg: requesting key 521A9C7C from hkp server subkeys.pgp.net
gpg: key 521A9C7C: public key "Justin Hayes (Automatix Repository Master) " imported
gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1
alan@multivac:~$ sudo gpg --export --armor 18B52FE3521A9C7C | sudo apt-key add -
OK</WILDTANGENT@W1LDT4NG3NT.NET></LIVINGLATEXKALI@GMAIL.COM></LIONEL.LEFOLGOC@FREE.FR>


Update again 
..to show those keys got imported correctly in the last step.


alan@multivac:~$ sudo apt-get update
Ign file: edgy/main Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy/restricted Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy/universe Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy/multiverse Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-security/main Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-security/restricted Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-security/universe Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-security/multiverse Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-updates/main Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-updates/restricted Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-updates/universe Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-updates/multiverse Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-commercial/main Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-plf/free Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy-plf/non-free Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy/main-edgy Translation-en_GB
Ign file: stable Release.gpg
Ign file: stable/non-free Translation-en_GB
Ign file: edgy/main Translation-en_GB
Ign file: stable Release
Get: 1 file: edgy Release.gpg [191B]
Ign file: stable/non-free Packages
Get: 2 file: edgy-security Release.gpg [189B]
Get: 3 file: edgy-updates Release.gpg [189B]
Get: 4 file: edgy-commercial Release.gpg [191B]
Get: 5 file: edgy-plf Release.gpg [189B]
Get: 6 file: edgy Release.gpg [189B]
Get: 7 file: edgy Release.gpg [189B]
Get: 8 file: edgy Release [34.7kB]
Get: 9 file: edgy-security Release [19.6kB]
Get: 10 file: edgy-updates Release [19.6kB]
Get: 11 file: edgy-commercial Release [4874B]
Get: 12 file: edgy-plf Release [9454B]
Get: 13 file: edgy Release [5755B]
Get: 14 file: edgy Release [4147B]
Ign file: edgy/main Packages
Ign file: edgy/restricted Packages
Ign file: edgy/universe Packages
Ign file: edgy/multiverse Packages
Ign file: edgy/main Sources
Ign file: edgy/restricted Sources
Ign file: edgy/universe Sources
Ign file: edgy/multiverse Sources
Ign file: edgy-security/main Packages
Ign file: edgy-security/restricted Packages
Ign file: edgy-security/universe Packages
Ign file: edgy-security/multiverse Packages
Ign file: edgy-security/main Sources
Ign file: edgy-security/restricted Sources
Ign file: edgy-security/universe Sources
Ign file: edgy-security/multiverse Sources
Ign file: edgy-updates/main Packages
Ign file: edgy-updates/restricted Packages
Ign file: edgy-updates/universe Packages
Ign file: edgy-updates/multiverse Packages
Ign file: edgy-updates/main Sources
Ign file: edgy-updates/restricted Sources
Ign file: edgy-updates/universe Sources
Ign file: edgy-updates/multiverse Sources
Ign file: edgy-commercial/main Packages
Ign file: edgy-plf/free Packages
Ign file: edgy-plf/non-free Packages
Ign file: edgy-plf/free Sources
Ign file: edgy-plf/non-free Sources
Ign file: edgy/main-edgy Packages
Ign file: edgy/main Packages
Fetched 99.5kB in 0s (383kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done


Yay!


Install stuff


Here’s where we try to install stuff off the local mirror. I’ll just get a small package. Note that it doesn’t copy the package to the local filesystem “Need to get 0B”, but instead unpacks it directly from the repo “Unpacking cowsay (from …/c/cowsay/cowsay_3.03-8_all.deb) …”. All very good stuff. Like it.


alan@multivac:~$ sudo apt-get install cowsay
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed
  cowsay
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 23 not upgraded.
Need to get 0B/17.9kB of archives.
After unpacking 274kB of additional disk space will be used.
Selecting previously deselected package cowsay.
(Reading database ... 156031 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking cowsay (from .../c/cowsay/cowsay_3.03-8_all.deb) ...
Setting up cowsay (3.03-8) ...


Test installed stuff


alan@multivac:~$ cowsay apt-mirror rocks!
 ___________________
< apt-mirror rocks! >
 -------------------
        \   ^__^
         \  (oo)\_______
            (__)\       )\/\
                ||----w |
                ||     ||


Test upgrading


Lets just make sure an upgrade works.


alan@multivac:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade 
Reading package lists… Done 

        
Building dependency tree 

        
Reading state information… Done 

        
The following packages have been kept back: 

        
python-adns python-clientcookie python-crypto python-egenix-mxproxy python-egenix-mxstack python-egenix-mxtexttools python-htmlgen 

        
python-htmltmpl python-jabber python-kjbuckets python-ldap python-mysqldb python-pam python-pexpect python-pylibacl python-pyopenssl 

        
python-pyxattr python-simpletal python-soappy python-sqlite python-syck python-xmpp 

        
The following packages will be upgraded: 

        
ubuntu-docs 

        
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 22 not upgraded. 

        
Need to get 0B/4984kB of archives. 

        
After unpacking 123kB disk space will be freed. 

        
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? 

        
(Reading database … 156091 files and directories currently installed.) 

        
Preparing to replace ubuntu-docs 6.10.3 (using …/ubuntu-docs_6.10.4_all.deb) … 

        
Unpacking replacement ubuntu-docs … 

        
Setting up ubuntu-docs (6.10.4) …


Future options


What I will likely do is keep this USB hard disk up to date but rsync the contents to a local fileserver so that I have it accessible not only via USB but also via NFS/SMB. That way I can share it out over the network. I don’t really want to share out a USB hard disk, as it’s a transient connection. I’d rather share out a permanent directory on a fileserver.


I have a fileserver called “hal” which I could backup to like this:-


alan@multivac:~$ rsync -avz -e ssh /media/usbdisk/repo alan@hal:/mnt/media/


That will copy the entire contents of my repository over the network via SSH to /mnt/media on the server hal.


I could reduce the overall download size by eliminating some stuff. For example I could choose not to download all the source packages by commenting out the lines starting “deb-src”. I could also reduce the number of architetures, for example not downloading the AMD64 binaries because I don’t (currently) have any AMD64 based systems.


My ISP provides me with a higher bandwidth allocation at night than during the day. So it might also be useful to schedule an apt-mirror via cron to run during the nightime hours to take advantage of this.


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17 Comments


    

  1. 

    Anonymous
    

    Posted May 4, 2009 at 1:22 am | Permalink
    

    I keep getting the following error:
    

    apt-mirror: can’t utime /var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/dists/jaunty/Release at /usr/bin/apt-mirror line 494.
    

    I have searched everywhere and have not been able to find what utime?
    

    Reply
    

    2. 

  2. 

    Sayali
    

    Posted March 12, 2009 at 3:19 pm | Permalink
    

    Is it possible to restrict the list of packages to be mirrored locally?
    

    If yes, could someone please help me in finding how I can specify only a certain set of .deb files to be mirrored locally? E.g. if I know for sure that I need the packages from files: x.deb, y.deb and z.deb only, then what should be my mirror.list file?
    

    Thanks in advance for all the help.
    

    –Sayali
    

    Reply
    

    3. 

  3. 

    Edgar Vega
    

    Posted June 21, 2009 at 11:00 pm | Permalink
    

    Hi!
    

    Thanks for this tutorial… its really great, I am taking advantage of this information…! Wonderfull!!!
    

    Reply
    

    4. 

  4. 

    Maxx44
    

    Posted October 23, 2009 at 12:20 pm | Permalink
    

    And, if we have a 50 year mission, all of Mozilla needs to be looking over the horizon in this way. ,
    

    Reply
    

    More from author
    

    5. 

  5. 

    tewogbade
    

    Posted November 12, 2010 at 4:53 pm | Permalink
    

    thanks, this was very helpful 
    really love it 

            
    but i want to ask what happens when the distribution changes does i mean that my local repository is now outdated and i will have to make another mirror of the new distro repo
    

    Reply
    

    More from author
    







        
    6. 

  6. 

    Michael
    

    Posted May 11, 2012 at 6:59 pm | Permalink
    

    One obvious but oft overlooked possibility that had me confused for an age is the number of concurrent connections permitted by the site you are trying to mirror from.
    

    I had to reduce the number of threads in mirror.list to 5 (the max allowed by my source site) before I was successful
    

    Reply
    







        
    7. 

  7. 

    Tony Whitmore
    

    Posted April 21, 2007 at 2:59 pm | Permalink
    

    What apt-mirror actually does is only download packages for the architecture on which it is running. At least, that’s the default behaviour. So if the computer running apt-mirror is an i386 machine, then you won’t get PPC or AMD64 packages, nor any other architecture. People using this software to mirror Debian servers are probably quite grateful for this, but sadly there’s not a lot of documentation for apt-mirror.
    

    It seems you can specify a default architecture to mirror on the “set defaultarch” line. That’s useful if you want to mirror one arch on a server of a different arch. If you want to mirror multiple archs you have to specify lines for each in the config file, for example: 
            
    deb-i386 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty main restricted universe multiverse 
              
    deb-amd64 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty main restricted universe multiverse
    

    Reply
    

    More from author
    







        
    8. 

  8. 

    Icarus
    

    Posted December 5, 2007 at 12:56 pm | Permalink
    

    Very useful !! Thanks a lot for your comment !!
    

    Reply
    







        
    9. 

  9. 

    Manena
    

    Posted February 7, 2007 at 8:39 am | Permalink
    

    Thank you for this very nice tutorial. Can you please be so kind and tell how to download only packages for i386?
    

    Reply
    







        
    10. 

  10. 

    serverchef
    

    Posted April 1, 2007 at 12:02 am | Permalink
    

    just replace every deb line with deb-i386
    

    for example:
    

    deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse
    

    becomes
    

    deb-i386 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse
    

    good luck !
    

    Reply
    







        
    11. 

  11. 

    Tony Whitmore
    

    Posted April 19, 2007 at 10:46 pm | Permalink
    

    This page shows how to finish the configuration off – setting up Apache to server the repositories via HTTP. HOWTO Forge Local Debian and Ubuntu Mirror.
    

    Reply
    

    More from author
    







        
    12. 

  12. 

    John
    

    Posted June 15, 2008 at 5:26 pm | Permalink
    

    I used the above procedure to mirror the i386 ubuntu repo. I can use it to update and install new software on existing systems (after source.list has been modified) that’s no problem. What’s frustrating, is that I CANNOT use the local mirror to install a NEW ubuntu install using the net installer CD!!! It complains that the Release file is not valid! When I browse the local repo I can see the Release file (but it obviously contains info for other architectures). Is there a way to regenerate the local Release file so that it is “proper” by means of a script? so that it doesn’t refer to packages for architectures that are not present? Would really appreciate any help – as that’s why I wanted to set up a local mirror in the first place – to be able to install multiple systems from the local LAN. Thanks.
    

    Reply
    

    More from author
    







        
    13. 

  13. 

    Anonymous
    

    Posted October 8, 2007 at 9:56 pm | Permalink
    

    When I run sudo apt-mirror -d, I get the following.
    

    Downloading 21 index files using 20 threads… 
            
    Begin time: Mon Oct 8 12:38:01 2007 

            
    [20]… [19]… [18]… [17]… [16]… [15]… [14]… [13]… [12]… [11]… [10]… [9]… [8]… [7]… [6]… [5]… [4]… [3]… [2]… [1]… [0]… 

            
    End time: Mon Oct 8 12:42:03 2007
    

    Proceed indexes: [Psh: cannot open us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu//dists/feisty/main/binary-i386/Packages.gz: No such file 
            
    apt-mirror: can’t open index in proceed_index_gz at /usr/bin/apt-mirror line 368.
    

    Any ideas on whats wrong.
    

    Reply
    

    Leave a Reply Cancel reply
    







        
    14. 

  14. 

    Angus
    

    Posted November 5, 2008 at 12:49 pm | Permalink
    

    In your /etc/apt/mirror.list file you put a / at the end of us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu .
    

    Don’t, and it’s fine.
    

    Reply
    







        
    15. 

  15. 

    Allan
    

    Posted July 19, 2007 at 4:46 am | Permalink
    

    I was able to netboot and install from a local mirror thanks to this resource and a few others. However, when netbooting, additional mirror sets are required. I posted some information about this on the Ubuntu wiki:
    

    https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/LocalNet
    

    My apt-mirror section could probably use some input by someone who knows something. I’m just a guy who patiently bungled my way to success with a lot of help from blogs like this.
    

    Reply
    







        
    16. 

  16. 

    gaZooGA
    

    Posted November 17, 2008 at 12:09 pm | Permalink
    

    You must un comment the line below from your /etc/apt/mirror.list config for it to work, or else everything will download to /var/spool/apt-mirror as opposed to /media/usbdisk/repo.
    

    set mirror_path $base_path/mirror 
            
    set skel_path $base_path/skel 

            
    set var_path $base_path/var 

            
    set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh
    

    Reply
    







        
    17. 

  17. 

    Wayne
    

    Posted December 30, 2008 at 6:59 pm | Permalink
    

    I am having trouble with installing new updates that have been downloaded to my local repository with apt-mirror. I have downloaded both deb-i386 and deb-amd64 to a local repository in hopes of supporting multiple machines on my home network. However, after weeks of downloading updates, my update manager does not find any updates to install. I am using this format in my sources.list file:
    

    deb file:/var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted universe multiverse 
            
    deb-src file:/var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted universe multiverse 

            
    deb file:/var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse 

            
    deb file:/var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    

    I have verified that apt-mirror is working and downloading files.
    

    Any suggestions about what is wrong with my configuration? 
            
    Thanks.
    

    Reply
    







        
    18. 







      


===================================================================================


Debian apt Source mirror using apt-mirror


apt-mirror is a small tool that provides ability to mirror any parts (or even all) of Debian GNU/Linux distribution or any other apt sources which often provided by many debian developers.


If you want to download apt-mirror click here


Installing apt-mirror in Debian


add to ‘sources.list' line i.e /etc/apt/sources.list file


deb http://apt-mirror.sourceforge.net/ apt-mirror/ and run


# apt-get update


# apt-get install apt-mirror


Configuring sources for apt-mirror


Open ‘mirror.list' (from /etc/apt/ or whatever you installed it to) and add needed sources like in /etc/apt/sources.list. Finally your mirror.list may looks like this:


# apt-mirror configuration file


## 
        
## The default configuration options (uncomment and change to override) 

        
## 

        
# 

        
# set base_path /var/spool/apt-mirror 

        
# set mirror_path $base_path/mirror 

        
# set skel_path $base_path/skel 

        
# set var_path $base_path/var 

        
# 

        
# set defaultarch 

        
# set nthreads 20 

        
#


## 
        
## Example sources 

        
##


# sarge's section 
        
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian sarge main contrib non-free 

        
deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian sarge main contrib non-free


# this source required for network installation ability (udebs) 

        
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian sarge main/debian-installer


# security updates is always good thing to install 

        
deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security sarge/updates main contrib non-free 

        
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security sarge/updates main contrib non-free


# sarge-proposed-updates's section 
        
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian sarge-proposed-updates main contrib non-free 

        
deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian sarge-proposed-updates main contrib non-free


## 
        
## Cleaner configuration example 

        
## 

        
# 

        
# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh 

        
#


# What directories should we clean up 
        
# (i.e. remove files missing in up-to-date indexes) 

        
clean http://security.debian.org/ 

        
clean http://ftp.us.debian.org/


# But exclude this directories 
        
# (which is not managed by apt and apt-mirror) 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian-cd/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/sarge/main/installer-i386/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/doc/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/tools/ 

        
skip-clean http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/project/


Running apt-mirror


Now we may run ‘apt-mirror'


# su -- apt-mirror -c apt-mirror


You also can run apt-mirror from cron. Uncomment line in /etc/cron.d/apt-mirror for this purpose.








            

            
posted @ 
2013-12-14 13:25 
摩斯电码 
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