1.英文学习一

7大体系:

时态+被动语态+情态动词+虚拟语气+陈述句+从句+非谓语动词

8大充节

连词,冠词,代词,使动词,使役动词,系动词,独立主格,倒装句

 

任何一句话都有时态:4*4的排列组合,16种组合

中文流程:

一、疑问词+时表词+主语+句剩+动词

疑问词:who可以作主语,可以作宾语(whom只能作宾语) what whose which when where why how

主语:动作的发起者(我打你)   我就是主语,你就是宾语

宾语:动作的承受者

时表词:基本上可以表示出时态,每一个时态的第一个词是时表词,最后一个词是动词,以下绿色的使每种时态的时表词。

时表词 主语 时表词
be am do
are 你,你们,我们,他们
is 他,她,它(第三人称单数) dose

 

 

 

 

一般现在时            do/dose
一般过去时            did
一般将来时            be  going to  do
一般过去将来时      be   doing

在一般将来时和一般过去将来时,be要换成 am are is,根据主语来判断用哪个。

句剩:每个时态除了第一个词和最后一个词,剩下的就是句剩,只有一般将来时有。比如上面的 going to

造句:

  • 你去哪了?
    • 这是疑问句?见到你以后问你去哪里了。所以是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时用did。主语是你,疑问词是where。
    • Where did you go?
    • Why did you go there?
    • How did you go there?
    • By whose car did you go?
    • With whom did you go? Who did you go with together?
  • 你平常都什么时候回来?
    • 平常表示的是习惯,也就是一般现在时,时表词用do或者dose,主语是你,用do,什么时候用when。usually表示的是某个动作爱好,不加usually表示的是纯粗的一个习惯
    • When do you come back? (sleep,eat lunch,get up)
  • 我们什么时候吃饭?
    • 还没吃呢,一会会吃,是一般将来时,用be going to do。
    • When are we going to eat?
    • What are we going to eat?
    • Where are we going to eat?
    • With whom are we going to eat?
  • 你在吃什么?
    • 正在进行的动作,现在进行时用be going,时表词用be ,主语是你,换成are,动作加ing
    • What are you eating?
    • What are you playing?
    • What are you doing?(look at看, look for找, wait for等,)
  • 你怎么跟他说的?
    • 已经说完了,一般过去时,用did ,主语是你,谓语是他,因为是宾格形式,用him
    • How did you tell him?
  • 你打算怎么告诉他说?
    • How are you going to tell him?
  • 你平时都怎么和他说?
    • How do you tell him?
  • 我们等会去哪间办公室签合同? 
    • 还没签呢,一般将来时
    • Which office are we going to sign the contract later in?

二、举一反三,词组的来源

he went abroad     

go是一个不及物动词,所以,abroad是一个副词,在国外,往国外,向国外,所以go abroad翻译成出国的意思。

(1).举一反三:

fly abroad 飞到国外

die abroad  死在国外

pass away abroad

he is going to drive abroad

he is learning abroad    在国外学习,而不是留学

he is studying cooking abroad  在国外学习烹饪

he saw him abroad/on the street

he is lost abroad

he was killed abroad/at your home

he is working abroad

he is abroad

 (2)

往里(往外)+(走/跑/挪/看/睡/爬/靠/流)

in/out/back

go out

come in/back

 

be good at/in     at和in本身就表示在某一方面,都可以的。

he is good at English.  

he is good 是一个主系表的短语,at English是一个介词短语

at是在某方面

所以就是他在英语方面很棒,可以换成更多的形容词,比如nice,great,wonderful,坏的bad,terrible,weak(弱)

主谓结构

he performs pretty

he does well in /at English.

he is extremely excellent in making friends.

 

词组:

  1. 动词+副词
    1. he went away (go away)

      way是离开某地,go是走,就是走开。run away跑走,fly away飞走,

      he came back (come back )

      back是向后,往后,come是来,所以就是 回来。

  2. 动词+介词
    1. he waited for me(wait for sb)  wait是不及物动词,后面跟介词,for表示原因,为了某人在等,如果不是我他早走了。
      1. wait at home,
      2. wait in beijing
      3. wait with mom
    2. we talked about you (talk about sth) about是关于,talk是说,我们谈论过你
  3. 系表+介短
    1. he is good at English.  
  4. 动词+副词+介短
    1. he does well  in English
    2. come here at(具体某个时间点,7点,8点)/in(某个时间,1992年,夏天)/on(具体某一天)/with(方式,和谁一起来的)
    3. come out/in/to/up at
    4. go/run/fly/sleep/study/die here at

who和whom的区别:

who可以作主语,可以作宾语(whom只能作宾语)

你在等谁?   主语是你,宾语是谁

Whom/Who are you waiting for? 

谁在等你?  主语是谁,宾语是你

Who is waiting for you?

但是有一种情况只能用whom,就是介词放前面的时候,起强调作用。

For whom are you waiting?

你告诉谁了?   主语是你,宾语是谁

Whom/Who did you tell? 

谁告诉你的? 主语是谁,宾语是你

Who told you?

你跟谁去的?

who/whom did you go with?

with whom did you go?

 

posted @ 2019-01-17 15:25  裴敏儿  阅读(744)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报