JAVA中发送电子邮件的方法

   JAVA中发送邮件的方法不复杂,使用sun的JavaMail的架包就可以实现,也可以使用Spring Boot封装的方法,使用起来更加便捷。

 

 一、下载JavaMail的架包,并导入项目中,如下:

如果是maven项目,maven依赖如下:

1 <dependency>
2     <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
3     <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
4     <version>1.5.6</version>
5 </dependency>

如果使用spring的方法,还需要导入以下maven依赖:

1 <dependency>
2     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
3     <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
4     <version>4.3.6.RELEASE</version>
5 </dependency>

 

二、使用JavaMail发邮件的代码例子,如下:

1、在main函数中对各项参数进行赋值(参数说明已进行备注),即可通过send函数进行发送邮件操作。

 1 public class TestEmail {
 2 
 3     private final static String TIMEOUT_MS = "20000";
 4 
 5     public static void main(String[] args) {
 6         String host = "smtp.exmail.qq.com";
 7         String user = "xxxxxx@qq.com";
 8         String password = "xxxxxx";
 9         String recipients = "xxxxxx@qq.com";
10         String cc = "";
11         String subject = "邮件发送测试";
12         String content = "邮件正文:<br>你好!";
13         //方式1:通过URL获取附件
14 //        byte[] attachment = FileUtil.getBytesByUrl("http://127.0.0.1/project/test.pdf");
15         //方式2:通过本地路径获取附件
16         byte[] attachment = FileUtil.getBytesByFile("c://fujian.pdf");
17         
18         String attachmentName = "";
19         try {
20             attachmentName = MimeUtility.encodeWord("这是附件.pdf");
21             send(host, user, password, recipients, cc, subject, content, attachment, attachmentName);
22         } catch (Exception e) {
23             e.printStackTrace();
24         }
25     }
26     
27     /**
28      * @param host 邮件服务器主机名
29      * @param user 用户名
30      * @param password 密码
31      * @param recipients 收件人
32      * @param cc 抄送人
33      * @param subject 主题
34      * @param content 内容
35      * @param attachment 附件 [没有传 null]
36      * @param attachmentName 附件名称 [没有传 null]
37      * @throws Exception
38      */
39     public static void send(final String host, final String user, final String password,
40                      final String recipients, final String cc, final String subject, final String content,
41                      final byte[] attachment,final String attachmentName) throws Exception {
42         Properties props = new Properties();
43         props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
44         props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
45         props.put("mail.smtp.timeout", TIMEOUT_MS);
46 
47         Authenticator auth = new Authenticator() {
48             @Override
49             protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
50                 return new PasswordAuthentication(user, password);
51             }
52         };
53         Session session = Session.getInstance(props, auth);
54         MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
55         msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(user));
56         msg.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(recipients));
57         if (cc != null && cc.length() > 0) {
58             msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, cc);
59         }
60         msg.setSubject(subject);
61         // 向multipart对象中添加邮件的各个部分内容,包括文本内容和附件
62         Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
63         // 添加邮件正文
64         BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
65         contentPart.setContent(content, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
66         multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
67         // 添加附件的内容
68         if (attachment!=null) {
69             BodyPart attachmentBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
70             DataSource source = new ByteArrayDataSource(attachment,"application/octet-stream");
71             attachmentBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
72             //MimeUtility.encodeWord可以避免文件名乱码
73             attachmentBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(attachmentName));
74             multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentBodyPart);
75         }
76         // 将multipart对象放到message中
77         msg.setContent(multipart);
78         // 保存邮件
79         msg.saveChanges();
80         Transport.send(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());
81     }
82 }

 

2、上面的例子中,如果有附件,可对附件进行设置。附件传参类型为byte数组,这里举2个例子,方式1通过网址获取byte数组,如下。方式2通过本地文件获取byte数组。具体可以查看另一篇文章:JAVA中文件与Byte数组相互转换的方法

 1 public class FileUtil {
 2 
 3     public static byte[] getBytesByUrl(String urlStr) {
 4         try {
 5             URL url = new URL(urlStr);
 6             HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
 7             InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
 8             BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
 9             ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
10             final int BUFFER_SIZE = 2048;
11             final int EOF = -1;
12             int c;
13             byte[] buf = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
14             while (true) {
15                 c = bis.read(buf);
16                 if (c == EOF)
17                     break;
18                 baos.write(buf, 0, c);
19             }
20             conn.disconnect();
21             is.close();
22 
23             byte[] data = baos.toByteArray();
24             baos.flush();
25             return data;
26 
27         } catch (Exception e) {
28             e.printStackTrace();
29         }
30         return null;
31     }
32 }

 

2020-5-26 更新:

三、使用Spring Boot发邮件的代码例子,如下:

 1 public class MailUtil {
 2 
 3     private static JavaMailSenderImpl javaMailSender;
 4 
 5     private static final String SENDER = "xxxxxx@qq.com";
 6 
 7     static {
 8         javaMailSender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
 9         javaMailSender.setHost("smtp.qq.com");// 链接服务器
10 //        javaMailSender.setPort(25);// 默认使用25端口发送
11         javaMailSender.setUsername("xxxxxx@qq.com");// 邮箱账号
12         javaMailSender.setPassword("xxxxxxxxxx");// 授权码
13         javaMailSender.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8");
14 //        javaMailSender.setProtocol("smtp");
15 
16 //        Properties properties = new Properties();
17 //        properties.setProperty("mail.debug", "true");// 启用调试
18 //        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.timeout", "1000");// 设置链接超时
19 //        设置通过ssl协议使用465端口发送、使用默认端口(25)时下面三行不需要
20 //        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");// 开启认证
21 //        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");// 设置ssl端口
22 //        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
23 
24 //        javaMailSender.setJavaMailProperties(properties);
25     }
26 
27     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
28         sendSimpleMail(new String[]{"xxxxxx@qq.com"}, "邮件主题", "邮件内容", false);
29     }
30 
31     /**
32      * 发送普通邮件
33      *
34      * @param to 收件人
35      * @param subject 主题
36      * @param text 正文
37      * @param isHtml 正文是否为html格式
38      */
39     public static void sendSimpleMail(String[] to, String subject, String text, boolean isHtml) throws Exception {
40         MimeMessage message = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
41         MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
42         helper.setFrom(SENDER, "通知");
43         helper.setTo(to);
44         helper.setSubject(subject);
45         helper.setText(text, isHtml);
46         javaMailSender.send(message);
47     }
48 
49     /**
50      * 发送带附件邮件
51      *
52      * @param to 收件人
53      * @param subject 主题
54      * @param text 正文
55      * @param files 附件
56      */
57     public static void sendAttachmentMail(String[] to, String subject, String text, Map<String, File> files) throws Exception {
58         MimeMessage message = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
59         MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
60         helper.setFrom(SENDER, "通知");
61         helper.setTo(to);
62         helper.setSubject(subject);
63         helper.setText(text);
64         Set<Map.Entry<String, File>> fileSet = files.entrySet();
65         for (Map.Entry f : fileSet) {
66             helper.addAttachment((String) f.getKey(), (File) f.getValue());
67         }
68         javaMailSender.send(message);
69     }
70 }

  注意12行的password不是你邮箱的登录密码,而是在邮箱中生成的授权码。获取授权码方法如下:

登录QQ邮箱→设置→账户→POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务→开启“POP3/SMTP服务”,获取到一个授权码。

 

posted @ 2017-05-22 13:54  PC君  阅读(3732)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报