c#获取机器唯一识别码
前言
在客户端认证的过程中，我们总要获取客户机的唯一识别信息，曾经以为MAC地址是不会变的，但是现在各种改，特别是使用无线上网卡，MAC地址插一次变一次，所以这样使用MAC就没有什么意义了，怎么办，又开始求助Google，最后找到一个折中的方案
原理
通过获取主板、处理器、BIOS、mac、显卡、硬盘等的ID生成唯一识别码
建议
1、使用那些不经常更换的模块来生成识别码。
2、如果经常更换MAC，显卡，硬盘，则不要使用这些ID。
3、确保使用static变量在整个应用来保存唯一识别码。
实现
注意引用System.Management
using System;
using System.Management;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Security;
using System.Collections;
using System.Text;
namespace Security
{
/// <summary>
/// Generates a 16 byte Unique Identification code of a computer
/// Example: 4876-8DB5-EE85-69D3-FE52-8CF7-395D-2EA9
/// </summary>
public class FingerPrint
{
private static string fingerPrint = string.Empty;
public static string Value()
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fingerPrint))
{
fingerPrint = GetHash("CPU >> " + cpuId() + "\nBIOS >> " +
biosId() + "\nBASE >> " + baseId()
//+"\nDISK >> "+ diskId() + "\nVIDEO >> " +
videoId() +"\nMAC >> "+ macId()
);
}
return fingerPrint;
}
private static string GetHash(string s)
{
MD5 sec = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding();
byte[] bt = enc.GetBytes(s);
return GetHexString(sec.ComputeHash(bt));
}
private static string GetHexString(byte[] bt)
{
string s = string.Empty;
for (int i = 0; i < bt.Length; i++)
{
byte b = bt[i];
int n, n1, n2;
n = (int)b;
n1 = n & 15;
n2 = (n >> 4) & 15;
if (n2 > 9)
s += ((char)(n2 - 10 + (int)'A')).ToString();
else
s += n2.ToString();
if (n1 > 9)
s += ((char)(n1 - 10 + (int)'A')).ToString();
else
s += n1.ToString();
if ((i + 1) != bt.Length && (i + 1) % 2 == 0) s += "-";
}
return s;
}
#region Original Device ID Getting Code
//Return a hardware identifier
private static string identifier
(string wmiClass, string wmiProperty, string wmiMustBeTrue)
{
string result = "";
System.Management.ManagementClass mc =
new System.Management.ManagementClass(wmiClass);
System.Management.ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach (System.Management.ManagementObject mo in moc)
{
if (mo[wmiMustBeTrue].ToString() == "True")
{
//Only get the first one
if (result == "")
{
try
{
result = mo[wmiProperty].ToString();
break;
}
catch
{
}
}
}
}
return result;
}
//Return a hardware identifier
private static string identifier(string wmiClass, string wmiProperty)
{
string result = "";
System.Management.ManagementClass mc =
new System.Management.ManagementClass(wmiClass);
System.Management.ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach (System.Management.ManagementObject mo in moc)
{
//Only get the first one
if (result == "")
{
try
{
result = mo[wmiProperty].ToString();
break;
}
catch
{
}
}
}
return result;
}
private static string cpuId()
{
//Uses first CPU identifier available in order of preference
//Don't get all identifiers, as it is very time consuming
string retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "UniqueId");
if (retVal == "") //If no UniqueID, use ProcessorID
{
retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "ProcessorId");
if (retVal == "") //If no ProcessorId, use Name
{
retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "Name");
if (retVal == "") //If no Name, use Manufacturer
{
retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "Manufacturer");
}
//Add clock speed for extra security
retVal += identifier("Win32_Processor", "MaxClockSpeed");
}
}
return retVal;
}
//BIOS Identifier
private static string biosId()
{
return identifier("Win32_BIOS", "Manufacturer")
+ identifier("Win32_BIOS", "SMBIOSBIOSVersion")
+ identifier("Win32_BIOS", "IdentificationCode")
+ identifier("Win32_BIOS", "SerialNumber")
+ identifier("Win32_BIOS", "ReleaseDate")
+ identifier("Win32_BIOS", "Version");
}
//Main physical hard drive ID
private static string diskId()
{
return identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "Model")
+ identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "Manufacturer")
+ identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "Signature")
+ identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "TotalHeads");
}
//Motherboard ID
private static string baseId()
{
return identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "Model")
+ identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "Manufacturer")
+ identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "Name")
+ identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "SerialNumber");
}
//Primary video controller ID
private static string videoId()
{
return identifier("Win32_VideoController", "DriverVersion")
+ identifier("Win32_VideoController", "Name");
}
//First enabled network card ID
private static string macId()
{
return identifier("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration",
"MACAddress", "IPEnabled");
}
#endregion
}
}
参考
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/28678/Generating-Unique-Key-Finger-Print-for-a-Computer
补充
现在遇到一些平板等简陋的机型，竟然获取到的所有设备标识都一样（除了mac），最后只好在本地再生成一个软件自身的标识，然后每次在计算标识的时候附带上，这样不会再重复了吧。
代码如下:
private static string localkey()
{
string path=Environment.CurrentDirectory + "client.key";
if (File.Exists(path))
{
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(path);
string key= sr.ReadLine();
sr.Close();
return key;
}
else
{
StreamWriter sw = File.CreateText(path);
string key = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
sw.WriteLine(key);
sw.Close();
return key;
}
}
可以再把该文件设为隐藏等手段，防止用户误操作。
补充2
文件容易被误删，还可以写入注册表，除非系统重装，但是需要以管理员权限运行
1 class RegistryHelper
2 {
3 const string _uriDeviecId = "SOFTWARE\\YourCompany\\YouApp";
4 public static string GetDeviceId()
5 {
6 string ret = string.Empty;
7 using (var obj = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(_uriDeviecId, false))
8 {
9 if (obj != null)
10 {
11 var value = obj.GetValue("DeviceId");
12 if (value != null)
13 ret = Convert.ToString(value);
14 }
15 }
16 return ret;
17 }
18
19 public static void SetDeviceId()
20 {
21 using (MD5 md5Hash = MD5.Create())
22 {
23 byte[] data = md5Hash.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(DateTime.Now.ToString()));
24 StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder();
25 for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
26 {
27 sBuilder.Append(data[i].ToString("x2"));
28 }
29
30 string id = sBuilder.ToString();
31 using (var tempk = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(_uriDeviecId))
32 {
33 tempk.SetValue("DeviceId", id);
34 }
35 }
36 }
37 }
不要去跟随消逝的虚无
